Beyond contact toxicity: Volatile and systemic nematode suppression by ‘Candidatus Pseudomonas auctus’ JDE115 in soybean

M. S. Ali; F. T. Z. Mony; M. Evans; S. Rideout; D. Haak; Jonathan D. Eisenback

doi:10.2478/jofnem-2026-0030

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Beyond contact toxicity: Volatile and systemic nematode suppression by ‘Candidatus Pseudomonas auctus’ JDE115 in soybean

Journal of Nematology

Volume 58 (2026): Issue 1 (February 2026)

By: M. S. Ali, F. T. Z. Mony, M. Evans, S. Rideout, D. Haak and Jonathan D. Eisenback

Open Access

|Oct 2026

Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes such as soybean cyst nematodes (SCNs) (Heterodera glycines) and root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) pose a significant threat to global soybean productivity. This study evaluated the multimodal biocontrol potential of ‘Candidatus Pseudomonas auctus’ JDE115, a soybean nodule-derived bacterium known for its plant growth-promoting properties. Greenhouse-based pot and split-root assays showed that JDE115 not only significantly improved soybean growth and nodulation but also suppressed SCN reproduction by over 90% locally and 85% systemically, indicating both direct antagonism and possibly induced systemic resistance. Volatile profiling using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry identified dimethyl disulfide and 1-undecene as distinctive volatile organic compounds produced by JDE115. Bioassays with free-living nematodes demonstrated that 1-undecene elicits strong avoidance behavior and causes rapid mortality in nematodes in the absence of direct contact. Furthermore, a colorimetric picrate assay confirmed substantial hydrogen cyanide production by the bacterium. Additional tests revealed that JDE115 inhibits egg hatching and causes juvenile mortality through a combination of chemical toxicity and enzymatic degradation. Collectively, these findings establish JDE115 as a multifunctional plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with potential nematicidal activity and broad biocontrol potential, underscoring its value as a next-generation microbial tool for integrated nematode management in soybean cultivation. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating combined volatile-mediated and systemic suppression of SCN by a nodule-derived Pseudomonas.

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