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Recent Advances on Vibration Sensors and Calibration Methods for the Operation and Maintenance of Mechanical Equipment Cover

Recent Advances on Vibration Sensors and Calibration Methods for the Operation and Maintenance of Mechanical Equipment

Measurement Science Review
Volume 25 (2025): Issue 3 (June 2025)
By: Xin Su,  Jiewei Liu,  Jiaen Xu and  Peng Chen  
Open Access
|Jun 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Power spectral density (PSD) of vibration signals [11].
Power spectral density (PSD) of vibration signals [11].

Fig. 2.

Example of damage to the blade containment [15].
Example of damage to the blade containment [15].

Fig. 3.

Lumped mass model of the bladed disk assembly [18]. kb, kc and kd are the stiffness of the blades, the stiffness of the connections between adjacent sectors, and the stiffness of the disk, respectively. mb and md are the mass of the blade and the disk.
Lumped mass model of the bladed disk assembly [18]. kb, kc and kd are the stiffness of the blades, the stiffness of the connections between adjacent sectors, and the stiffness of the disk, respectively. mb and md are the mass of the blade and the disk.

Fig. 4.

The time history of the vibration speed in the X-direction [20].
The time history of the vibration speed in the X-direction [20].

Fig. 5.

Piezoelectric accelerometer schematic [22].
Piezoelectric accelerometer schematic [22].

Fig. 6.

Schematic of a resistance accelerometer.
Schematic of a resistance accelerometer.

Fig. 7.

Basic structure of a capacitive accelerometer [41].
Basic structure of a capacitive accelerometer [41].

Fig. 8.

Schematic diagram of a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor [53].
Schematic diagram of a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor [53].

Summaries of some typical research work on acceleration sensors with detail information_

TypeSensitivityFrequency rangeTemperatureRangeRelative errorNonlinearityResponse timeRefs
Piezoelectric5.9 pC/g< 350 Hz1000 °C [24]
Piezoelectric 0.001 Hz to 2 GHz120 °C several ns[25]
Piezoelectric 80 to 130 Hz 0.041 % [30]
Piezoelectric1000 pC/MPa> 200 kHz−20–180 °C < 0.5 % (linear error) [31]
Resistance 10–100 °C [34]
Resistance2.56–5.67/kPa < 30 ms[35]
Capacitive0.24 V/g 0.29 % [43]
Capacitive18 mV/g 100 g 3 % [44]
Capacitive ±160 g 1 % [51]
Capacitive ±4 g 1 % [49]
Capacitive 0–80 °C±10 g for x, y +12/−7.5 g for z 0.34 %, 0.28 %, 0.41 % [106]
Fiber450 pm/g [56]
Fiber19 pm/g1 kHz 0.1–15 g [64]
Fiber1296 pm/g0 to 25 Hz20–115 °C0.5 to 5.5 g 2 % [66]
Fiber41.2/34.5 pm/g20 to 800 Hz [67]
Fiber2430 pm/g0 to 20 Hz [107]
Fiber19 pm/g10 to 1000 Hz [65]

The accuracy of the calibration methods in the previous literature_

DescriptionAccuracyRefs
10 % cost of reference (DAQ NI 9775)Vibration measurement system was working adequately[76]
A closed loop calibration systemU1, U2, and S2 do not need to be measured again; the standard deviation of sensitivity is 0.0003 mV/ms−2[77]
A phase-locked resonance tracking control method based on the phase resonance principleAcceleration stability control index of less than 0.5 % and a resonance tracking time of less than 0.1 s[78]
Rapid vibration-level-adjustment for ultralow-frequency vibration excitersRequires less vibration-level-adjustment time and improves the adjustment efficiency[80]
Improved control of the linear motorMaintaining amplitude stability over the frequency range from 0.1 to 160 Hz; the standard deviation is less than 0.01 mV/ms−2[84]
A simple but powerful method is presentedAccurate absolute calibrations with an error of 0.1 %[88]
Introducing the accelerometer nonlinear scale factorCalibration methods outperform the traditional calibration methods without high-precision orientation control[94]
A low-frequency vibration generator that overcome small acceleration amplitudes and a high level of total harmonic distortionRelative expanded uncertainty is 2.6 % at a confidence level of 95 %[85]
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msr-2025-0015 | Journal eISSN: 1335-8871
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Language: English
Page range: 122 - 133
Submitted on: May 31, 2024
|
Accepted on: Mar 3, 2025
|
Published on: Jun 17, 2025
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open
Keywords:
vibration,
sensor,
calibration
Related subjects:
Engineering,
Electrical engineering,
Control engineering, metrology and testing

© 2025 Xin Su, Jiewei Liu, Jiaen Xu, Peng Chen, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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