Dietary Lactobacillus casei and resveratrol improve growth, antioxidant status, and disease resistance in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Reyhaneh Beyranvand; Delaram Eslimi Esfahani; Ehsan Ahmadifar; Mehdi Ahmadifar; Sedigheh Mohammadzadeh; Mohsen Shahriari Moghadam; Ehab El-Haroun; Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar; Hien Van Doan

doi:10.2478/aoas-2026-0006

Dietary Lactobacillus casei and resveratrol improve growth, antioxidant status, and disease resistance in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

By: Reyhaneh Beyranvand, Delaram Eslimi Esfahani, Ehsan Ahmadifar, Mehdi Ahmadifar, Sedigheh Mohammadzadeh, Mohsen Shahriari Moghadam, Ehab El-Haroun, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar and Hien Van Doan

Open Access

|Oct 2026

Abstract

The current research evaluated the effect of probiotics Lactobacillus casei and resveratrol individually or in combination on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, growth-related genes, and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish weighing 4.89±0.08 g were divided into four treatments with three replicates and fed with T0: control-without additives; T1: containing Lactobacillus casei; T2: containing resveratrol; T3: containing a combination of both, all for a duration of 56 days. After the feeding experiment, fish were challenged to the bacterial pathogen A. hydrophila for 14 days. The results showed that the probiotic L. casei and resveratrol, individually or in combination, significantly increased growth parameters compared to the control group (P<0.05). Mucosal immunity parameters, such as lysozyme activity, total immunoglobulin levels, and total protein, were significantly increased in L. casei and resveratrol individually or in combination (P<0.05). Also, it significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity compared to the control group. Additionally, probiotic and resveratrol, individually or in combination, significantly increased the expression of genes related to growth (Ghrelin and IGF-1) compared to the control group. Overall, our results highlight the efficacy of the probiotic L. casei and resveratrol, individually or in combination, in increasing growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the expression of growth-related genes.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2026-0006 | Journal eISSN: 2300-8733 (formerly 1642-3402) | Journal ISSN: 1642-3402

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Language: English

Submitted on: Oct 6, 2025

Accepted on: Dec 15, 2025

Published on: Oct 6, 2026

Published by: National Research Institute of Animal Production

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© 2026 Reyhaneh Beyranvand, Delaram Eslimi Esfahani, Ehsan Ahmadifar, Mehdi Ahmadifar, Sedigheh Mohammadzadeh, Mohsen Shahriari Moghadam, Ehab El-Haroun, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Hien Van Doan, published by National Research Institute of Animal Production
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