From Digital Leadership to Performance Through Organisational Agility in Open Education Institutions
By: Zahir Osman and Huong-An Thi Nguyen
References
- Alhosani, F. H., & Ahmad, S. Z. (2024). Role of human resource practices, leadership and intellectual capital in enhancing organisational performance: The mediating effect of organisational agility. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 25(4), 664–685. 10.1108/JIC-08-2023-0183
- Ali, Q., & Amin, S. (2025). Empowering sustainable performance: How digital leadership, knowledge sharing, and digital readiness drive success in higher education. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 9(2), 471–485. 10.35484/pssr.2025(9-II)36
- Alnasser, E. M., Alkhozaim, S. M., Alshiha, A. A., Al-Romeedy, B. S., & Khairy, H. A. (2025). Intellectual capital and organisational resilience in tourism and hotel businesses: Do organisational agility and innovation matter? Current Issues in Tourism, 28(16), 2649–2669. 10.1080/13683500.2024.2378970
- Antwi-Boampong, A., Ujakpa, M. M., Boison, D. K., Loglo, F. S., & Malcalm, E. (2025). Learning in context: Faculty adoption of blended learning through socio-constructivist and ecological lenses. Open Praxis, 17(4), 803–820. 10.55982/openpraxis.17.4.830
- Anwar, S., & Saraih, U. N. (2024). Digital leadership in the digital era of education: Enhancing knowledge sharing and emotional intelligence. International Journal of Educational Management, 38(6), 1581–1611. 10.1108/IJEM-11-2023-0540
- Arham, A. F., Norizan, N. S., Muhamad Hanapiyah, Z., Mazalan, M. I., & Yanto, H. (2024). Enhancing academic performance: Investigating the nexus between digital leadership and the role of digital culture. The Bottom Line, 37(3), 253–276. 10.1108/BL-05-2023-0138
- Awashreh, R. (2025).
Leadership strategies for managing change and fostering innovation over private higher education: Academic institutions in Oman . In Evolving strategies for organisational management and performance evaluation (pp. 399–422). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. 10.4018/979-8-3373-0149-5.ch018 - Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organisational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.
- Bozkurt, A. (2024). GenAI et al.: Cocreation, Authorship, Ownership, Academic Ethics and Integrity in a Time of Generative AI. Open Praxis, 16(1), 1–10. 10.55982/openpraxis.16.1.654
- Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. 10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
- Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
- Dimple, & Tripathi, M. (2024). Bridging the gap between high-performance work system and organisational performance: Role of Organisational Agility, transformational leadership, and human resource flexibility. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 25(2), 369–393. 10.1007/s40171-024-00395-y
- Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. 10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
- Goraya, M. A. S., Yaqub, M. Z., Khan, M. A., Akram, M. S., & Alofaysan, H. (2024). Transforming performance: How agility, response, resilience and support shape success in digital strategies. Information Technology & People, 39(1), 325–353. 10.1108/ITP-05-2024-0592
- Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. 10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
- Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. 10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
- Jaafar, M., Khan, K. N., & Salman, A. (2025). A systematic review and framework for organisational agility antecedents towards industry 4.0. Management Review Quarterly, 1–26. 10.1007/s11301-025-00489-6
- Karunanayaka, S. P., Weerakoon, W. M. S., Wijesekera, H. D., Nawarathna, N. M. R. K., Ramathass, P., & Weerasinghe, M. D. B. P. (2021). Towards digital thinking and practices: Experiences of Sri Lankan teachers and students. Open Praxis, 13(4), 365–377. 10.55982/openpraxis.13.4.262
- Khurniawan, A. W., Irmawaty, & Supriadi, D. (2024). The impact of digital leadership on digital transformation in university organisations: An analysis of students’ views. Perspektivy nauki i obrazovania – Perspectives of Science and Education, 67(1), 677–690. 10.32744/pse.2024.1.38
- Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1–10. 10.4018/ijec.2015100101
- Liengaard, B., Sharma, P., Hult, G. T. M., Jensen, M. B., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Prediction: Coveted, yet forsaken? Introducing a cross-validated predictive ability test in partial least squares path modeling. Decision Sciences, 52(2), 362–392. 10.1111/deci.12445
- Litsulitsa, A. H., Kungu, D. P., & Kiiru, D. (2024). The mediating influence of leadership style within the nexus of organisational agility and performance outcomes in public universities in Kenya. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 8(8), 331–357. 10.47772/IJRISS.2024.808028
- Liu, H. (2025). Digital leadership competencies for college administrators in China: Strategies for faculty development and institutional innovation. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 25(1), 15–28. 10.12738/jestp.2025.01.002
- Loglo, F. S. (2024). Towards digital transformation of selected Ghanaian public universities: Leadership enablers, challenges, and opportunities. Open Praxis, 16(3), 374–395. 10.55982/openpraxis.16.3.700
- Maheshwari, G., Clarke, S. W., Nguyen, Q. N., McClelland, R., & Kunte, M. (2024). Effect of e-leadership on employees outcomes in the higher education sector during covid-19 and beyond: a case study from Vietnam. SAGE Publishing. 10.1177/17411432231222715
- Mahmutoğlu, C., Celep, C., & Kaya, A. (2025). The impact of school administrators’ influence tactics on teachers’ organisational commitment: The role of learning agility. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, Article 1549328. 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1549328
- Mohamad, L., & Osman, Z. (2025). Intention to adopt innovation culture among employees in online distance learning higher education institutions. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 26(1), 122–133. 10.17718/tojde.1408624
- Mohamed Alzeyoudi, S. A., & Nik Abdullah, N. A. H. (2025). Impact of transformational leadership on organisational agility: Mediation of change readiness and moderation of cultural agility. Pakistan Journal of Life & Social Sciences, 23(1). 10.57239/PJLSS-2025-23.1.00267
- Musundire, A. (2025).
The relationship between knowledge management systems, transformational leadership, and organisational adaptability: The case of South African private institutions of higher learning . In Leveraging technology for organisational adaptability (pp. 197–222). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. 10.4018/979-8-3693-6045-3.ch010 - Obied, A. S. (2025). Digital leadership in the academic environment: A systematic literature review. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 11, 101542. 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101542
- Olabiyi, O. J., Vuuren, C. J. V., Du Plessis, M., Xue, Y., & Zhu, C. (2025). Digital academic leadership in higher education institutions: A bibliometric review based on CiteSpace. Education Sciences, 15(7), 846. 10.3390/educsci15070846
- Onan, G. (2024). Digital transformation and digital leadership in higher education institutions: Insights from the literature. Uluslararası Sosyal Bilgilerde Yeni Yaklaşımlar Dergisi, 8(2), 198–213. 10.38015/sbyy.1587587
- Osman, Z., Awang, A. I., & Subramaniam, T. (2025a). Optimising leadership performance in open online flexible distance learning higher education institutions amidst the digital transformation. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(5), 489–505. 10.6007/IJARBSS/v15-i5/25136
- Osman, Z., Nguyen, H.-A. T., Intaratat, K., Suhandoko, A. D. J., & Serrano, J. (2025b). Endure, learn, inspire, persist: Academician job resilience in open, distance, and digital education of higher institutions. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(6), 1540–1554. 10.6007/IJARBSS/v15-i6/25564
- Ozan, Ö., & Özarslan, Y. (2025). Investigating factors influencing faculty members’ digital competence for capacity building on open and distance education in HEIs. Open Praxis, 17(2), 363–375. 10.55982/openpraxis.17.2.775
- Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
- Pu, R., Dong, R. K., & Jiang, S. (2024). Toward the education for sustainable development (ESD): Digital leadership and knowledge-sharing behaviour on the higher education institutional change. Education and Information Technologies, 1–23. 10.1007/s10639-024-13247-0
- Qayyum, A., Khalid, M. S., Rafiq, S., Syeda, R. M., & Saleemi, A. (2025). Digital leadership, institutional commitment, and future directions for transforming higher education in Pakistan: A mixed-method study. Academia International Journal for Social Sciences, 4(3), 1057–1074. 10.63056/ACAD.004.03.0436
- Richard, P. J., Devinney, T. M., Yip, G. S., & Johnson, G. (2009). Measuring organisational performance. Journal of Management, 35(3), 718–804. 10.1177/0149206308330560
- Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2022). SmartPLS 4 [Computer software]. SmartPLS.
https://www.smartpls.com - Samodien, M., Du Plessis, M., & Van Vuuren, C. J. (2024). Enhancing higher education performance: Transformational, transactional and agile leadership. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22, a2768. 10.4102/sajhrm.v22i0.2768
- Sazly, S., Rasyid, H., & Agus, K. (2025). A triad of excellence: How strategic leadership, intellectual capital and IT innovation drive competitive advantage in higher education institutions. Dynamic Management Journal, 9(2), 416. 10.31000/dmj.v9i2.13819
- Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J.-H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for using PLSpredict. European Journal of Marketing, 53, 2322–2347. 10.1108/EJM-02-2019-0189
- Shmueli, G., Ray, S., Velasquez Estrada, J. M., & Chatla, S. B. (2016). The elephant in the room: Predictive performance of PLS models. Journal of Business Research, 69, 4552–4564. 10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.03.049
- Soomro, S. A., & Soomro, S. A. (2024). Green intellectual capital and employee environmental citizenship behaviour: The mediating role of organisational agility and green creativity. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 25(4), 822–840. 10.1108/JIC-03-2024-0067
- Tayyab, M., & Sharif, I. (2025). Examining leadership-driven innovation in higher education: A conditional process model of inclusion, intrapreneurship, and learning agility. The Critical Review of Social Sciences Studies, 3(3), 582–599. 10.59075/axwd4z20
- Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. 10.1002/smj.640
- Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533. 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<;509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
- Umar, S. B., Ahmad, J., Mohd Bukhori, M. A. B., Ali, K. A. M., & Hussain, W. M. H. W. (2025). Transforming higher-education-intitutes: Impact of change management on sustainable performance through transformational leadership and knowledge management. Sustainability, 17(6), 2445. 10.3390/su17062445
- Weber, E., Krehl, E.-H., & Büttgen, M. (2022). The digital transformation leadership framework: Conceptual and empirical insights into leadership roles in technology-driven business environments. Journal of Leadership Studies, 16(1), 6–22. 10.1002/jls.21810
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55982/openpraxis.18.3.1120 | Journal eISSN: 2304-070X
Language: English
Page range: 523 - 538
Submitted on: Jan 10, 2026
Accepted on: Apr 10, 2026
Published on: Aug 4, 2026
Published by: International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2026 Zahir Osman, Huong-An Thi Nguyen, published by International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.