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Improving Student Persistence in Open and Distance Learning; An Investigation of Demotivational Challenges Cover

Improving Student Persistence in Open and Distance Learning; An Investigation of Demotivational Challenges

Open Access
|Nov 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Identification of student groups: registrants, non-starters, non-eligible students, eligible students. *Other evaluations may include practical tests, quizzes in practical sessions or field trip reports.

Figure 2

The percentage of each student category (eligible, non-eligible, and non-starters) with respect to the total number of registrants under each study level for the three recent academic years. Error bars indicate values.

Figure 3

Averaged percentages of eligible students with respect to the number of registrants of each subject area. Error bars indicate SD values.

Table 1

Sample demographics.

UNAFFECTED STUDENTSDEMOTIVATED STUDENTSTOTAL
%%%
Total209113322100
GenderMale542634308827
Female15474797023372
Age19–29 y16177948325579
30–39 y391916145517
40–49 y8433113
≥50 y100010
Civil StatusSingle16679827324877
Married432131277423
EmploymentUnemployed11254454015749
Government381820185818
Semi-gov.7354124
Private361731276721
Self-employ.1681211289
Regional CenterARC421152
BaRC212241
BRC9411103
CRC11555615417655
JRC9487175
KRC452230277523
KuRC9454144
MRC15733186
RRC102231
Figure 4

The percentages of cumulative frequencies of “strong influence” and “very strong influence” responses. Black arrows indicate the top three factors.

Figure 5

Variation of demotivational factors depending on employment status. The percentages of cumulative frequencies of “strong influence” and “very strong influence” responses are shown.

Figure 6

Variation of demotivational factors depending on the civil status. The percentages of cumulative frequencies of “strong influence” and “very strong influence” responses are shown.

Table 2

Motivational factors mentioned by the students when asked, “What motivated you to continue your studies at OUSL successfully?”.

CATEGORYMOTIVATIONAL FACTORCODE FREQUENCIES
AcademicFlexibility, ability to study part-time13
Structure of the programme, Study Materials08
Student Performance – good results in L306
Online learning system, online lectures05
University and AdministrativeAcademic Support16
Interactions with Teachers7
Orientation, PASS, or EfIL programme3
University facilities: library, laboratories, etc.3
Interactions with Admin and Non-academic staff2
No delays in Academic Activities2
Student societies such as Zoonet, BotSoc, etc.2
Regional Center facilities1
(Student) Skills and characteristicsGoal Commitment57
Personality Structure – determination, desire to make the family happy, etc.8
Self-motivation6
(Student) Personal PreferencesODL Mode, self-study mode17
Joy in Studying15
Self-suitability – to change career pathway and for promotion11
Attitude towards Degree Validity07
Reputation of the University02
ExternalSupport from Colleagues and family11
Low cost of the degree10
Because parents paid for the degree05
Alumni success stories02
Social and Political Disappointment of the country01
Other OpportunitiesOpportunity for higher studies or a good career.There is no chance of getting into a conventional government university11
Language: English
Page range: 648 - 663
Submitted on: Feb 17, 2025
Accepted on: Aug 1, 2025
Published on: Nov 25, 2025
Published by: International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

© 2025 Kokila Ranasinghe, T. Lakshini D. Fernando, Nimali Vineeshiya, G. W. A. Rohan Fernando, published by International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.