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30 Years of Gender Inequality and Implications on Curriculum Design in Open and Distance Learning Cover

30 Years of Gender Inequality and Implications on Curriculum Design in Open and Distance Learning

Open Access
|May 2020

Figures & Tables

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Figure 1

Time series graph (1988–2018).

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Figure 2

Geographical distribution of study contexts, where applicable (also see Appendix A).

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Figure 3

An overview of the types of inequality addressed in the studies: Vital Inequality (8%), Existential Inequality (34%), Resource Inequality (58%).

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Figure 4

The distribution of educational implications: Mode of study (14%), Curriculum (28%), Support (2%8), Other (30%).

Table 1

Designing for Empowerment and Agency: Some Implications on Curriculum Design.

  • recognizes psychological and social barriers to education;

  • lies at the intersection of culturally relevant pedagogy, feminist pedagogy, and critical pedagogy;

  • is based on co-construction and active student participation consistent with the core pedagogical frameworks;

  • provides opportunities for connectedness (with other students, mentors, tutors etc.);

  • women’s unique life situations and experiences are recognized and reflected in curricular content, activities and assessment;

  • sees the structuring of content, activities and support as an opportunity for empowerment (as opposed to the framing of digital technology as opportunity);

  • embraces curriculum as praxis;

  • allows flexible entry and exit points;

  • support is embedded in content, activities and assessment;

  • recognizes and addresses varying levels of digital literacies and skills;

  • does not make assumptions about available resources (human and non-human); is informed by local realities.

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Figure 5

Proposed model for addressing gender inequality in ODL.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/jime.553 | Journal eISSN: 1365-893X
Language: English
Submitted on: Oct 24, 2019
Accepted on: Feb 22, 2020
Published on: May 11, 2020
Published by: Ubiquity Press
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2020 Suzan Koseoglu, Tugba Ozturk, Hasan Ucar, Engin Karahan, Aras Bozkurt, published by Ubiquity Press
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.