යථාර්ථයේ සංකීර්ණතා සමඟ වඩාත් සංවාදාත්මක ජෛන විභාගය ගොඩනැගී ඇති ආකාරය පිළිබඳ විමර්ෂණාත්මක අධ්‍යයනයක්- A Critical Study on How Jaina Epistemology is Constructed in a More Dialogical Manner in Relation to the Complexities of Reality

Jaina philosophy is recognized as a non-Vedic philosophical tradition that originated in India. Apart from Buddhism, it holds the distinction of presenting the most profound analysis of epistemology (the theory of knowledge). Jainism is an ancient religion from India that teaches a way of life based on non-violence and renunciation as the path to knowledge and happiness. It began in the 6th century BCE as a reform movement within Hinduism. When examining Jaina epistemology, it can be seen as an integration of logic, metaphysics, and ethics. Within this background, Jaina philosophy explored the relationship between reality, language, perception, and reasoning. It established a distinction between complete and partial perspectives of truth, thereby constructing a history of dialogue and debate with other philosophical traditions. Through this, Jain thinkers developed both written and oral dialogues aimed at grasping the complexity of reality, and they offered pragmatic, logical, and critical solutions to the problem of determining the nature of truth. This study is designed as a qualitative and analytical inquiry. It aims to critically examine how Jaina epistemology interprets the nature of reality through complex concepts of knowledge, plurality (anekāntavāda), relativity (syādvāda), and the doctrine of viewpoints (nayavāda), emphasizing its philosophical depth and dialogical character. Accordingly, this paper seeks to explore the epistemological framework within Jaina philosophical discourse.