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Formulation of selective broth and plating media for the isolation of Campylobacter spp_ (concentration in mg per liter, unless otherwise stated)_
| Media | Basal medium | Antioxygen system | Cephalosporin | Trimethoprime | Polymyxin B/colistin (C) | Rifampicin | Novobiocin | Vancomycin | 5-Fluorouracil or Na-deoxycholate (D) | Bactiracin | Antifungals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Broth media | |||||||||||
| Bolton | A | 5% LH, 0.1 g HE, 0.5 g P, 0.5 g B | 20 czone | 20 | − | − | − | 20 | − | − | 50 CY |
| Preston | NB | 5% LH/FPB | − | 10 | 5000 | 10 | − | − | − | − | 100 CY |
| Exter | NB | 5% LH, 0.5 F, 0.2 B, 0.2 P | 15 czone | 10 | 4 g (C) | 10 | − | 10 | − | − | − |
| Rosef and Kapperud | NB | − | − | 5 | 2500 | − | − | 10 | − | − | − |
| Doyle and Roman | BB | 7% LH | − | 5 | 20000 | − | − | 15 | − | − | 50 CY |
| Agar media | |||||||||||
| Skirrow | BAB | 7% LH | − | 5 | 2500 | − | − | 10 | − | − | − |
| Campy-BAP | BA | 10% S | 15 cthin | 5 | 2500 | − | − | 10 | − | − | 2 AM |
| Butzler | TB | 10% S | 15 cthin | − | 10000 (C) | 5 | 25000 | 50 CY | |||
| CCD | NB | 4 g C, 0.25 F, 0.25 P | 10 czolin | − | − | − | − | − | 1000 (D) | − | − |
| mCCD | NB | 4 g C, 0.25 F, 0.25 P | 32 czone | − | − | − | − | − | 1000 (D) | − | 10 AM |
| Karmali | CA | 4 g C, 0.32 g HT, 0.1 P | 32 czone | − | − | − | − | 20 | − | − | − |
Summary of Campylobacter spp_ isolation procedure set by FDA, ISO, and PHE_
| Organization | Sample type | Preenrichment | Enrichment | Selective plating | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FDA | All sample types | Bolton broth | Bolton | mCCDA and/or Abeyta-Hunt-Bark agar | FDA 2001 |
| ISO | Samples with low campylobacters versus low background bacteria | Bolton broth | Bolton broth | mCCDA + other media of choice | ISO 2017 |
| ISO | Samples with low campylobacters versus high background bacteria | Not required | Preston broth | mCCDA + other media of choice | ISO 2017 |
| ISO | Samples with high campylobacters | Not required | Not required | mCCDA | ISO 2017 |
| ISO | All samples (colony count) | Not required | Not required | mCCDA | ISO 2017 |
| PHE | All food samples | Bolton broth | Bolton broth | mCCDA | PHE 2014 |
Campylobacter species and features that differentiate them_
| Species | Oxidase | Catalase | Growth at | Hippurate hydrolysis | Aerobic growth | Nitrate reduction | H2S | Sensitive to | TSI | Growth 1% glycine | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25°C | 37°C | 42°C | Cephalothin | NA | |||||||||
| Campylobacter jejuni | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | + | + | R | S | − | + |
| Campylobacter coli | + | + | − | + | + | − | − | + | + | R | S | − | + |
| Campylobacter fetus | + | + | + | + | (V) | − | − | + | V | S | R | − | + |
| Campylobacter upsaliensis | + | −/W | − | + | V | − | − | + | U | S | S | − | − |
| Campylobacter cinaedi | + | − | − | + | − | − | − | + | + | S | S | − | + |
| Campylobacter lari | + | + | − | + | + | − | − | + | + | R | R | − | + |
| Campylobacter fennellia | + | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | + | S | S | − | + |
| Campylobacter hyointenstinalis | + | + | V | + | V | − | − | + | + | S | S | + | − |