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Train Speed Estimation Based on Weights Incorporating Systematic and Random Error Components Cover

Train Speed Estimation Based on Weights Incorporating Systematic and Random Error Components

By:   
Open Access
|Oct 2026

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

Reference deceleration and speed profiles utilised for simulation analysis in function of distance (a) and time (b).

Fig. 2.

Accelerometer-derived deceleration and speed compared with the reference profiles (a). Deceleration errors (b) and speed errors (c) with respect to the corresponding permissible error bands.

Fig. 3.

Expanded speed uncertainties of sensors as a function of time during deceleration.

Fig. 4.

Sensor-measured speeds. Comparison of all measurements over the entire simulation period (a). Enlarged view of the last 7 seconds with permissible error bands for individual sensors (b–e).

Fig. 5.

Comparison of sensor speed errors produced by the individual sensors.

Fig. 6.

Fused speed error obtained using mean (a), median (b), and weighted (c) fusion methods.

Language: English
Page range: 260 - 266
Submitted on: Dec 29, 2025
Accepted on: Sep 21, 2026
Published on: Oct 13, 2026
Published by: Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: Volume open

© 2026 Józef Wiora, published by Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Measurement Science
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.