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A study on green cover management in vineyards with special consideration of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) Cover

A study on green cover management in vineyards with special consideration of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)

Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg: Journal of Viticulture, Oenology, Pomology and Fruit Processing
Volume 75 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)
By: ,  ,  ,   and    
Open Access
|Dec 2025
Figures & tables

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1:

Experimental vineyard 1: Site 1 of undervine management trials, site and arrangement of experiments on green cover management in vineyard interrows and fallow land.

Fig. 2:

Experimental vineyard 2: Site 2 and arrangement of under-vine management trials.

Fig. 3:

Effect of treatments on median cover ratio under the vines the rows in vineyard 1.

Fig. 4:

Effect of treatments on median cover rate under the vines in vineyard 2.

Fig. 5:

Effect of treatments on median height of green cover within the rows in vineyard 1.

Fig. 6:

Effect of treatments on median height of green cover within the rows in vineyard 2.

Fig. 7:

Effect of treatments on bindweed abundance under the vines in vineyard 1

Fig. 8:

Effect of treatments on bindweed abundance under the vines in vineyard 2.

Fig. 9:

Effect of weeding by high pressure water jet (Grasskiller device) in the under-vine area, A: on June 02 in vineyard 2, B: on June 28 in vineyard 1 (treatment on June 06).

Fig. 10:

Effect of electric weeding (Zasso) on June, 28, 2023. A: in vineyard 1, B: in vineyard 2 (treatment on June 13).

Fig. 11:

Effect of green cover management on bindweed density in the vineyard interrow area.

Fig. 12:

Effect of green cover management on bindweed density in the vineyard fallow area.

Fig. 13:

Effect of mulching intensity on bindweed density close to roadsides.

Description of general models calculated for the effect of interrow and fallow management on field bindweed abundance_

Green cover in vineyard interrows
Dependant variable/FactorsWald χ2pdfPairwise comparison (LSD) of treatments (estimated marginal means)
Bindweed density according to classification scheme
Green cover treatment16.48<0.0013Vetch-rye (1.21)a, winter rape (1.27)ab, cereal straw (1.60)bc, natural green cover (1.90)c
Date of visual scoring14,200.003
Fallow management
Dependant variable/FactorsWald χ2pdfPairwise comparison (LSD) of treatments (estimated marginal means)
Bindweed density according to classification scheme
Green cover treatment91.83<0.0012Alfalfa (0.09)a, natural green cover mulched 1x per year (0.89)b, natural green cover, regularly muched (2.21)c
Date of visual scoring43.99<0.0013

Description of general models calculated for the under-vine experiments_

Description of model
Under-vine experiments
Dependant variable/FactorsWald χ2pdfPairwise comparison (LSD) of treatments (estimated marginal means)
Rate of total green cover (%)
Treatment114.27<0.0015Tourneso1a (25.19%), inter-vine bladeab (26.49%), Zassob (35.17%), Chem-synth.c (56.79%), Grasskillerc (58.33%), Controld (93.90%)
Vineyard36,84<0.0011Vineyard 1a: (56.97%), vineyard 2b (34.05%)
Date of visual scoring19.94<0.0014
Height of green cover (cm)
Treatment166.58<0.0015Tournesola (16.77cm), inter-vine bladea (18.93 cm), Grasskillera (19.32cm), Zassoa (20.41 cm), Chem-synth.b (28.67cm), Controlc (54.49 cm)
Vineyard16.02<0.001 Vineyard 1a: (27.31cm), vineyard 2b (21.25 cm)
Date of visual scoring2.40n.s.
Bindweed density according to classification scheme
Treatment16.340.0065Controla (0.82), Chem-synth.ab (0.98), Zassob (1.13), inter-vine bladebc (1.21), Grasskillerc (1.39), Tournesolc (1.32).
Vineyard131.60<0.0011Vineyard 1a: (1.98), vineyard 2b (0.64)
Date of visual scoring75.34<0.0014

Treatment variants in the under-vine area

TreatmentManufacturerDriving speedDates of application
Inter-vine bladeClemens, Wittlich, Germany2 km/hDue to a technical default, only 2 applications, May 23, July 26
Tournesol: Undervine weederPellenc, Santa Rosa, CA, USA2 km/hMay 02, June 02, July 25
Graskiller: High pressure water jet weederGrasskiller, Caffini, Verona, I2 km/hApril 20, June 06, July 19
Zasso XPS: High voltage electric weederZasso XPS, Zug, CH2.5 km/hApril 28, June 13, July 24
Chemical synthetic control (usual farm practice)

  • Flazasulfuron (Katana, Certis-Belchim, Gleisdorf, A)

  • Clethodim (Centurion plus, Kwizda, Vienna, A)

  • Pyraflufen-ethyl (Kabuki Go, Kwizda)

  • Cycloxydim (Focus Ultra, BASF, Vienna, A)

  • wetting agent Silwet top (BASF)

  • April 24: Katana 0.33kg/ha, Centurion plus 1,5l/ha

  • June 28: Kabuki Go 1%, Focus ultra 2l /ha, wetting agent Silwet top (BASF) 0.1l/ha

Spraying device: Bauer, Obermarkersdorf Schrattenthal, A, Volume of spray liquid: 200 l/ha
Untreated control

Treatment variants in the vineyard interrows

Green cover management in interrows
Green coverSowing/spreading dateSowing rate/amountDate of bending
Winter rapeNovember 2021 and 202215 kg/haBeginning of June 2022 and 2023.
Winter vetch/winter ryeNovember 2021 and 2022100 kg/ha rye, + 20 kg/ha winter vetchBeginning of June 2022 and 2023.
Cereal straw

  • November 16, 2021

  • November 10, 2022

22 t/ha
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mittklbg-2025-0012 | Journal eISSN: 3061-063X | Journal ISSN: 3061-0621
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Language: English
Page range: 161 - 183
Submitted on: Apr 10, 2025
Published on: Dec 26, 2025
Published by: High School and Federal Office of Viticulture and Pomology
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year
Keywords:
Green cover management,
weed control,
high-pressure water jet,
power application,
field bindweed,
Convolvulus arvensis,
Stolbur,
Bois Noir
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2025 Monika Riedle-Bauer, Andreas Endler, Andreas Rockenbauer, Mathias Matheis, Günter Brader, published by High School and Federal Office of Viticulture and Pomology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 75 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)
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