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Field Applications of Fluorinated Nematicides for Meloidogyne enterolobii Management on Tomato Cover

Field Applications of Fluorinated Nematicides for Meloidogyne enterolobii Management on Tomato

Open Access
|Aug 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Size of fruits of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. Bars (within the same fruit size group) with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) according to the Tukey test.
Size of fruits of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. Bars (within the same fruit size group) with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) according to the Tukey test.

Figure 2.

Plant yield of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).
Plant yield of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure 3.

Root galling of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. No galling was found on the non-inoculated control treatment (+). Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).
Root galling of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. No galling was found on the non-inoculated control treatment (+). Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure S1.

Alignment of sequences OR428268 and MW014364.1 of M. enterolobii intergenomic spacer 5S–18S rRNA. Alignment was performed with the MAFFT sequence alignment server (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server).
Alignment of sequences OR428268 and MW014364.1 of M. enterolobii intergenomic spacer 5S–18S rRNA. Alignment was performed with the MAFFT sequence alignment server (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server).

Growth variables of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii_

Treatment*Plant height (cm)yzStem diameter (mm)Plant fresh weight (kg)Dry weight of roots (g)
FSF436 ± 18 b13.41 ± 1.61 b4.75 ± 0.12 b67.00 ± 7.2 b
FZL451 ± 13 ab13.72 ± 1.47 b5.29 ± 0.17 ab61.44 ± 8.6 b
FPM432 ± 16 b14.68 ± 1.71 ab4.75 ± 0.16 b59.75 ± 10.5 c
FSF+FPM469 ± 19 a14.61 ± 1.63 ab6.00 ± 0.27 ab60.50 ± 7.9 bc
FZL+FPM474 ± 13 a15.33 ± 1.75 a6.25 ± 0.31 ab57.63 ± 11.8 c
(+) control489 ± 24 a16.08 ± 1.81 a7.50 ± 0.28 a60.75 ± 9.6 c
(−) control340 ± 17 c12.62 ± 1.72 b2.25 ± 0.21 c101.70 ± 12.6 a

Treatments of fluorinated nematicides for the management of Meloidogyne enterolobii on tomato_

TreatmentActive ingredientApplication timingsaa.i./hab
FSFFluensulfone12 DBP960 g
FZLFluazaindolizine7 DBP820 g
FPMFluopyram15 and 40 DAP1.0 kg
FSF+FPMFluensulfone12 DBP960 g
Fluopyram35 and 60 DAP1.0 kg
FZL+FPMFluazaindolizine7 DBP820 g
Fluopyram35 and 60 DAP1.0 kg
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0030 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Submitted on: Dec 7, 2023
Published on: Aug 16, 2024
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2024 R. Castro-López, C. A. López-Orona, J. A. Martínez-Gallardo, M. A. Tirado-Ramírez, G. Gómez, W. Rubio-Aragón, J. A. Edeza-Urias, M. C. Villa-Medina, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.