Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Energetic and Fractographic Investigation of Crack Growth Under Variable Amplitude Loading Cover

Energetic and Fractographic Investigation of Crack Growth Under Variable Amplitude Loading

Open Access
|Nov 2025

References

  1. Albedah, A., Bouiadjra, B.B., Mohammed, S.M.A.K., & Benyahia, F. (2020). Fractographic analysis of the overload effect on fatigue crack growth in 2024-T3 and 7075-T6 Al alloys. International Journal of Mineral, Metallurgy and Materials, 27(1), 83–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-019-1896-4
  2. ASTM International. (1994). Standard test method for measurement of fatigue crack growth rates (ASTM E647-93). Annual Book of ASTM Standards. https://doi.org/10.1520/E0647-23A
  3. Augustin, P. (2009). Simulation of fatigue crack growth in integrally stiffened panels under constant amplitude and spectrum loading. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 1 (1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10164-010-0001-2
  4. Benachour, M., Benachour, N., & Benguediab, M. (2017). Fractographic observations and effect of stress ratio on fatigue striations spacing in aluminium alloy 2024 T351 Materials Science Forum, 887, 3–8. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.887.3
  5. Benguediab, M. (1989). Étude de la propagation des fissures de fatigue sous spectres de chargement réduits [Study of fatigue crack propagation under reduced loading spectra] (Doctoral dissertation). Université de Poitiers, France. https://theses.fr/1989POIT2298 (in French)
  6. Benguediab, M., Bouchouicha, B., Zemri, M., & Mazari, M. (2012). Crack propagation amplitude loading based on energetic parameters and fractographic analysis. Materials Research, 15(4), 544–548. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-14392012005000072
  7. Benguediab, M., Mazari, M., &Ranganathan, N.(2001). Determination of the energy necessary for creating fatigue cracks by measurement of microhardness. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 29(5), 492–498. https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE12279J
  8. Benguediab, M., Mazari, M., Zemri, M., & Ranganathan, N. (2000). Correlation between crack growth rate and fractography observations in 2024 T351 aluminium alloy. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 24 (2B), 261–270. https://search.emarefa.net/en/detail/BIM-389762
  9. Benguediab, M., Ranganathan, N., Petit, J., Lachaud, B., Cazus, M. R., & Thomas, J. M. (1988). A fatigue crack propagation study under flight simulation loading based on a reduced spectrum. In J. Petit, D. L. Davidson, S. Suresh, & P. Rabbe (Eds.), Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading (pp. 309–325). Elsevier Science Publishers.
  10. Bilby, B. A., Cottrell, A. H., & Swinden, K. H. (1963). The spread of plastic yield from a notch. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 272(1350), 304–314. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1963.0055
  11. Bogdanowicz, Z., Kocańda, D., & Torzewski, J. (2009). Capacity of fractographic analysis for load-time history reconstruction and fatigue crack growth rate estimation for the 2024-T3 aluminum alloy.Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 1 (1), 20–36. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10164-010- 0002-1
  12. Elber, W. (1976). Equivalent constant-amplitude for crack growth propagation under spectrum loading. In Fatigue crack growth under spectrum loads (ASTM STP 595) (pp. 236–247). American Society for Testing and Materials. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP33376S
  13. Gross, T.S., & Weertman, J. (1982). Calorimetric measurement of the plastic work of fatigue crack propagation in 4140 steel. Metallurgical Transactions A, 13(12), 2165–2172. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02648386
  14. Ikeda, S., Izumi, Y., & Fine, M.E. (1977). Plastic work during fatigue crack propagation in a high-strength low-alloy steel and in 7050 Al-alloy.Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 9(1), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(77)90057-1
  15. Izumi, Y., & Fine, M.E. (1979). Role of plastic work in fatigue crack propagation in metals. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 11 (4), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(79)90137-1
  16. Kebir, T., Belhamiani, M., Daikh, A. A., Benguediab, M., & Benachour, M. (2023). Investigating the effects of crack orientation and defects on pipeline fatigue life through finite element analysis. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 15(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.2478/fas-2023-0001
  17. Kebir, T., Benguediab, M., & Imad, A.(2017). A model for fatigue crack growth in the Paris regime under the variability of cyclic hardening and elastic properties. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 9(1), 117–135. https://doi.org/10.1515/fas-2017-0010
  18. Kebir, T., Correia, J. A. F. O., Benguediab, M., & Imad, A. (2021). AFCG model and the graphical user interface under Matlab for predicting fatigue life: Parametric studies. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 13(1), 116–139. https://doi.org/10.2478/fas-2021-0011
  19. Kebir, T., Harchouche, Z. E. A., Elmeiche, A., & Benguediab, M. (2019). Dissipated strain energy of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 induced by low cycle fatigue. Annales de Chimie: Science des Matériaux, 43(5), 329–334. https://doi.org/10.18280/acsm.430508
  20. Kikukawa, M., Jono, M., Tanaka, K., & Takatani, M. (1976). Measurement of fatigue crack propagation and crack closure at low stress intensity level by unloading elastic compliance method. Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, 25(281), 899–903. https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.25.899
  21. Klingbeil, N. W. (2003). A total dissipated energy theory of fatigue crack growth in ductile solids. International Journal of Fatigue, 25(2), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-1123(02)00073-7
  22. Lemaitre, J., & Desmorat, R. (2006).Engineering damage mechanics: Ductile, creep, fatigue and brittle failures.Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/b138882
  23. Liaw, P.K., Fine, M.E., & Davidson, D.L. (1980). Comparison of plastic work of fatigue crack propagation in low carbon steel measured by straingages and electron channeling. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 3(1), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.1111j.1460- 2695.1980.tb01104.x
  24. Łukasiewicz, M. S. (2021). Load spectrum analysis with open source software – An application example. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 13(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.2478/fas-2021-0003
  25. Maachou, S., Boulenouar, A., Benguediab, M., Mazari, M., & Ranganathan, N. (2016). Plastic energy approach prediction of fatigue crack growth. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 59(5), 885–899. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.59.5.885
  26. Mazari, M., Bouchouicha, B., Zemri, M., Benguediab, M., & Ranganathan, N. (2008). Fatigue crack propagation analyses based on plastic energy approach.Computational Materials Science,41 (3), 344–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2007.04.016
  27. Morrow, J. D. (1965). Cyclic plastic strain energy and fatigue of metals. In Fatigue of metals: Advances in testing (ASTM STP 378) (pp. 45–83). American Society for Testing and Materials. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP43764S
  28. Moussouni, A., Benachour, M., & Benachour, N. (2023). Prediction of fatigue cracks using gamma function. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 15(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.2478/fas-2022- 0004
  29. Paris, P.C., & Erdogan, F. (1963). A critical analysis of crack propagation laws. Journal of BasicEngineering, 85(4), 528–533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3656900
  30. Ramasubbu, S., & Ilchenko, B. V. (2011). Fatigue crack growth under flight spectrum loading with superposed biaxial loading due to fuselage cabin pressure. International Journal of Fatigue, 33 (8), 1101–1110. https://doi.org/10.1016j.ijfatigue.2010.11.018
  31. Ranganathan, N.(1985). Contribution au développement d’une approche énergétique à la propagation d’une fissure de fatigue [Contribution to the development of an energy approach to fatigue crack propagation] (Doctoral dissertation). Université de Poitiers, France. (in French)
  32. Ranganathan, N., Benguediab, M., Henaff, G., & Adiwijayanto, F. (1993). Quantitative fracture surface analysis of fatigue crack propagation under variable amplitude loading. In Fatigue crack growth under variable amplitude loading (ASTM STP 1203) (pp. 326–339). ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP14900S
  33. Ranganathan, N., Jendoubi, K., Benguediab, M., & Petit, J. (1987a). Effect of R ratio and ΔK level on the hysteretic energy dissipated during fatigue crack propagation. Scripta Metallurgica, 21 (8), 1045–1049. https://doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(87)90247-X
  34. Ranganathan, N., Petit, J., & de Fouquet, J. (1987b). Energy required for fatigue crack propagation. In H.J. McQueen, J. P. Bailon, J. I. Dickson, J. J. Jonas, & M. J. Akben (Eds.), Strength of metals and alloys (Vol. 2, pp. 1267–1272). Pergamon Press.
  35. Reymer, P., Kowalczyk, K., Baran, M., Nowakowski, D., Dziendzikowski, M., & Leski, A. (2023). Crack propagation tests for load sequences developed using different flight parameters of a trainer aircraft. Fatigue of Aircraft Structures, 15(1), 155–165. https://doi.org/10.2478/fas-2023-0010
  36. Schijve, J. (1979). Four lectures on fatigue crack growth: Fatigue crack growth and fracturemechanics.Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 11 (1), 169–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(79)90039-0
  37. Stoychev, S., & Kujawski, D. (2003). Methods for crack opening load and crack tip shielding determination: A review. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 26(11), 1053–1067. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2003.00691.x
  38. Walker, K.F., Lourenço, J.M., Sun, S., Brandt, M., &Wang, C.H. (2017). Quantitative fractography and modelling of fatigue crack propagation in high-strength AerMet®100 steel repaired with alaser cladding process. International Journal of Fatigue, 94(2), 288–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.06.031
  39. Wang, X.G., Ran, H.R., Jiang, C., & Fang, Q.H. (2018). An energy dissipation-based fatigue crack growth model. International Journal of Fatigue, 114, 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2018.05.018
  40. Weertman, J. (1973). Theory of fatigue crack growth based on a BCS crack theory with work hardening. International Journal of Fracture, 9(2), 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041854
  41. Yoder, G.R., Cooley, L.A., & Crooker, T.W. (1982). On microstructural control of near-threshold fatigue crack growth in 7000-series aluminum alloys. Scripta Metallurgica, 16(9), 1021–1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(82)90448-3
  42. Zemri, M., Mazari, M., Bouchouicha, B., Benguediab, M., & Ranganathan, N. (2009). Determination of the energy for crack creation using micro-hardness measures. International Journal of Fracture, 155(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-009-9319-6
  43. Zhu, S.P., Yue, P., Correia, J., Blason, S., De Jesus, A., & Wang, Q. (2018). Strain energy-based fatigue life prediction under variable amplitude loadings. Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 66(2),151–160. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.2.151
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fas-2025-0002 | Journal eISSN: 2300-7591 | Journal ISSN: 2081-7738
Language: English
Published on: Nov 14, 2025
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Mohamed Benguediab, Tayeb Kebir, Abdelkader Lahcene, Hichem Mebarki, Soumia Benguediab, Mustapha Benachour, published by ŁUKASIEWICZ RESEARCH NETWORK – INSTITUTE OF AVIATION
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

AHEAD OF PRINT