Figure no.1:
Migration-Demographic Security Nexus Framework
(Source: Developed by the author based on Buzan, Wæver & de Wilde, 1998)
Table no. 1
International Migration Trends in Bulgaria (2019-2024)
| Year | Emigration (international migration) | Return migration of Bulgarian citizens and immigration | Immigration |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 39,900 | 12,000 | 37,000 |
| 2020 | 15,000 | 18,000 | 45,000 |
| 2021 | 18,000 | 16,500 | 39,000 |
| 2022 | 24,000 | 17,000 | 43,000 |
| 2023 | 13,500 | 17,800 | 55,000 |
| 2024 | 13,002 | 18,214 | 52,189 |
1 (Source: NSI Bulgaria, 2024/2025; Ministry of Interior Bulgaria, 2024; OECD, 2024)