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            <title><![CDATA[The Multifaceted Dispositions of Artificial Intelligence Utilization in Sports]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0005</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The contemporary sports industry is undergoing a profound transformation driven by the accelerating integration of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly image recognition technologies that enable granular analysis of performance, tactics, and engagement. While the adoption of AI is often framed as a technical advance, this paper argues that its true significance lies in how effectively such technologies are aligned with organizational purpose and embedded within complex sociotechnical systems. As financial pressures intensify, stemming from Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) arrangements in collegiate athletics, escalating professional contracts, and expanding media rights, sports organizations face heightened demands for strategic precision, operational efficiency, and sustainable decision-making. Against this backdrop, AI-powered image recognition offers substantial promise, yet its impact is contingent upon more than algorithmic accuracy. Drawing on perspectives from technology management, organizational behavior, and human-computer interaction, this paper critically examines how AI reshapes leadership practices, organizational culture, and decision-making processes within sports ecosystems. Particular attention is given to challenges of interoperability across data systems, long-term scalability, ethical governance of biometric data, and the centrality of user-centered design in fostering adoption. Ultimately, the paper contends that AI’s transformative potential in sport will be realized only when leadership prioritizes purpose, culture, and sustainability alongside innovation.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Security By Design: Enhancing the Cybersecurity and the Sustainability of Military Operations Through Civil-Military Synergies]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0004</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The current international politico-military context, influenced by the war in Ukraine, generated a deeper focus of military leaders on the sustainability of operations. A decisive measure in this respect refers to the revitalization of defence industry of the European Union Member States, to increase the capacity of producing military equipment and systems. But from the cybersecurity perspective, the way production is approached from its early stages, like designing, is of paramount importance. This article explores the possibility of military and civilian actors to cooperate and set the conditions so that the produced items be secured from cyber vulnerabilities that could impede the success of military missions. The objective is to identify the activities and areas were both parties should involve more to facilitate an effective cooperation. To reach the mentioned objective, this research is based on a qualitative approach. The case study method was applied to bring to light good practices that allow the identification of concrete actions. The most important result of this study is represented by the process of implementing security by design in capability development, comprising actions to be taken by both military and civilian actors from the outset of military equipment production.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Impact of Migration on Demographic Security of Bulgaria]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0010</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This study examines migration as a key factor influencing the demographic security and national resilience of the Republic of Bulgaria. The research explores migration processes in both their internal and international dimensions, together with the principal theoretical approaches explaining migration dynamics and their demographic implications. Particular attention is paid to the risks associated with population decline, labor shortages, population aging, and regional demographic disparities, as well as to the potential of migration to serve as a strategic resource for sustainable national development. The study applies a qualitative and comparative analytical approach based on statistical, documentary, and policy data for the period 2019-2024. Based on the conducted analysis and selected international experience, conclusions and recommendations are formulated for the development of an integrated migration policy aligned with Bulgaria’s demographic and national security priorities.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Optimizing Military Radio Communications Through Real-Time Ionospheric Analysis and Automated Propagation Prediction: The Hf Predictor Romania Application]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0009</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Modern military operations depend on resilient High Frequency (HF) communications. Traditional planning is unfortunately often affected by ionospheric volatility and static models. Current paper presents an innovative software ecosystem enhancing tactical decision-making through real-time data fusion called HF Predictor Romania. It integrates the Voice of America Coverage Analysis Program (VOACAP) engine with live feeds from the Global Ionospheric Radio Observatory (GIRO/DIDBase) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) solar updates, so that the application transforms the historical estimations into a dynamic reliability forecasting. A key feature of it is the incorporation in the Romanian area of the data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM90), to address the challenges of Near Vertical Incidence Skywave (NVIS) propagation in the mountain regions. Also, the software introduces modules for Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) using power optimization and real-time validation through the Weak Signal Propagation Reporter (WSPR) network. Engineered for high-stakes environments, the tool maintains operational capability even when used offline, providing frequency recommendations in seconds. The results demonstrate that this integrated tool significantly reduces the planning time while increasing the probability of establishing successful HF links.]]></description>
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            <title><![CDATA[Structural Limits of Force: the Military Dimension of Nato’s Comprehensive Approach in Afghanistan (2001-2021)]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0003</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article examines the military dimension of NATO’s Comprehensive Approach (CA) in Afghanistan (2001-2021). Using a single-case qualitative design grounded in Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) reports and peer-reviewed literature, the study tracks the structural dysfunctions of the international military intervention across three distinct operational phases. The findings reveal a “paradox of self-aggravating solutions”, wherein military responses to structural vulnerabilities – such as the reliance on warlords during the initial “light footprint” phase, the systemic corruption fueled by the troop surge, and the imposition of an unsustainable Western force-building model – reproduced and amplified the very fragility they intended to resolve. By demonstrating how civilian instruments and development aid were repeatedly subordinated to tactical combat priorities, the analysis argues that the absence of strict applicability conditions transformed the Comprehensive Approach from a doctrine of genuine civil-military integration into a rhetorical framework that legitimized military dominance. Ultimately, the study highlights the inherent limits of using the military instrument for state-building under conditions of radical partner asymmetry.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[AI-Enabled Sales Coaching and Generation Z Engagement]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0007</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly embedded in customer-facing sales work through sales enablement platforms, conversational intelligence tools, performance analytics, and digital coaching systems designed to improve frontline effectiveness. However, the human consequences of these systems are still emerging. This issue is critical because customer-facing sales performance depends not only on measurement and visibility but also on salesperson motivation, relational trust, and sustained engagement in interactions that create value for both firms and customers. This article presents a structured integrative review examining how AI-enabled coaching relates to Generation Z work engagement in customer-facing sales roles. Drawing on self-determination theory and leader-member exchange theory, the review synthesizes research on AI in sales, algorithmic management, autonomy support, trust, and employee engagement to clarify the mechanisms and relational conditions through which AI-enabled coaching may strengthen or weaken engagement. Through this review, the author develops a conceptual framework in which perceived developmental AI coaching influences work engagement through autonomy support, while leader-member exchange shapes whether that coaching is interpreted as supportive or controlling. This article contributes to marketing and sales scholarship by reconnecting AI-enabled coaching to the employee side of frontline value creation and by outlining implications for future research and managerial practice.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Developing Listening Skills: Language Training Strategies for Meeting Stanag 6001 Requirements]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0001</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[In international military environments, listening comprehension is a crucial skill for military personnel to master, as the way commands, orders, and reports are understood and interpreted may directly affect mission success and personnel safety. Studies show that there are continuous challenges in military language training, regarding the variety of proficiency levels or the limited exposure to authentic communication. The current paper presents a conceptual overview grounded in a review of existing literature, examining effective strategies for overcoming these challenges and enhancing listening skills in military students in alignment with STANAG 6001 standards, which define NATO’s framework for language proficiency. There is a wide array of educational methods and means that the educators have at hand and that can successfully be used to significantly improve listening performance to meet STANAG requirements. The paper also highlights the importance of technology (virtual simulators, multimedia platforms, and mobile applications) with the help of which captivating, context-rich environments can be created and real-time feedback given, the goal being to strengthen communication readiness and to support operational effectiveness at international level, across military organizations.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Zero-Trust Iot Security Architecture for Defence and Public Security Systems]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0008</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The expanding use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in defence and public security systems has increased reliance on distributed sensing, edge processing, and real-time decision-support infrastructures. However, many deployments still depend on perimeter-based security models that may be misaligned with evolving cyber-physical threats such as lateral movement, insider compromise, and unauthorized device access. Once a network boundary is bypassed, traditional architectures often provide limited mechanisms for constraining internal propagation or enabling compartmentalized recovery. Although Zero-Trust principles have gained attention in enterprise and cloud environments, their structured adaptation to mission-critical defence IoT ecosystems remains underexplored. This study proposes a defence-oriented, layered Zero-Trust IoT architecture incorporating continuous authentication, identity-aware access control, least-privilege enforcement, and logical micro-segmentation across sensor, edge, network, and command layers. A scenario-based comparative assessment framework with a rubric-driven aggregation model is used to evaluate the design against conventional architectures under representative threat scenarios. Results indicate a model-derived reduction of approximately 65% in architectural exposure, particularly in lateral movement and unauthorized access scenarios. These findings represent architecture-level insights based on defined assumptions rather than empirical measurements, highlighting the role of Zero-Trust in improving containment and reducing implicit trust relationships.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Modeling Cyber Threat Impact on Operational Capability in military network systems]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0002</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[The growing dependence of military network systems on digital infrastructures has increased their exposure to complex and persistent cyber threats. These threats are no longer limited to technical disruptions, but have direct implications on operational capability, affecting command, control, and decision-making processes. This paper investigates the relationship between cyber threat vectors and their impact on operational performance within military network systems. It proposes a structured approach for modeling the effects of cyber incidents by correlating technical disruptions with operational degradation levels. The study identifies key factors influencing impact propagation, including system interdependencies, network architecture, and response capacity. A conceptual model is developed to describe how cyberattacks translate into operational consequences, enabling a more precise evaluation of system vulnerability and mission risk. The approach supports both analytical assessment and decision-making by providing a framework for understanding the cascading effects of cyber incidents. The findings highlight the importance of integrating technical and operational perspectives in cybersecurity analysis. The proposed approach contributes to the development of more effective assessment models capable of supporting resilience-oriented strategies in military environments.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Performance Analysis of LTE Systems with Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Interpretation]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2026-0006</link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents an interactive software platform for link-level performance analysis of Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, integrating a parametric analytical engine with an artificial intelligence-driven interpretation module. Unlike full Monte Carlo physical-layer simulators, the proposed platform employs sigmoid-based analytical approximations of Block Error Rate (BLER) as a function of SNR, enabling rapid and reproducible performance estimation suitable for academic and educational use. By transforming analytical outputs into structured numerical metrics, the performance evaluation of LTE physical layer configurations is treated as an automated analytical task powered by a large language model. The platform evaluates key parameters such as adaptive modulation schemes, MIMO spatial configurations, and standardized 3GPP radio channel models, generating structured academic reports without manual intervention. Experimental results compare BLER and spectral efficiency across multiple configurations, with MIMO 2×2 achieving a 4 dB SNR gain over SISO and operating at 60.08% of the theoretical Shannon capacity limit. The platform employs a dual-path verification architecture: a first computation path pre-calculates all eight IEEE-standard metrics from raw simulation data and embeds them as explicit anchor values in the AI prompt, while a fully independent second path recalculates the same metrics from the same raw data and cross-validates the AI-generated report. Under this architecture, the AI interpretation engine achieves 87.5% metric attribution accuracy, measuring the rate at which the language model correctly associates pre-provided anchor values with their respective metric definitions in the generated report, and produces 1,000-word technical reports in under 40 seconds, significantly reducing the expertise barrier for LTE performance engineering.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Infrared Image Conversion from Grayscale to Temperature Using Linear Regression]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0023</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents an original algorithm that aims to convert the grayscale levels of infrared images into a map of temperatures. Two methods were tried: one method which uses only the extreme temperatures provided by the legend of the infrared images; and the second one that takes into account all intermediate temperature levels with their respective grayscale references from the legend. The results obtained were compared with the actual temperature values recorded by the FLIR camera used. The linear regression conversion method was found to produce the smallest error, with a value of Mean Square Error of 0.0237, an improvement of more than 50% compared to the other method.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Leader-Member Exchange, Responsible Artificial Intelligence, and Self-Determination Theory: An Integrative Review of Leadership, Autonomy, and Motivation in Ai-Augmented Workplaces]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0019</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This review examines how leader-member exchange (LMX) quality, responsible artificial intelligence (AI) practices, and self-determination theory (SDT) jointly shape employee experiences in workplaces increasingly influenced by algorithmic management. Drawing on recent scholarship, we argue that digital performance dashboards and monitoring systems may restrict workers’ autonomy and relatedness, thereby inducing stress and reducing engagement. In contrast, high-quality LMX relationships offer socioemotional support and foster intrinsic motivation. SDT further emphasizes that fulfilling the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness enhances engagement and well-being. Because most studies examine these constructs in isolation, this synthesis integrates leadership and technology research while also considering generational differences. Through this integration, we propose a conceptual framework linking AI practices, LMX quality, psychological safety, and need satisfaction, and we identify directions for future research and practice.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Adolescents, Disinformation, and AI Profiling: A Forensic Cyberpsychology Approach to Mitigating National Security Risks]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0024</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Adolescents are increasingly immersed in AI-curated digital environments that amplify disinformation, heightening susceptibility to psychological manipulation with profound implications for mental health and national security. This perspective paper examines how forensic cyberpsychology and AI profiling can be applied ethically to identify adolescents at risk of engaging with disinformation. Drawing on a thematic synthesis of recent studies, the paper identifies vulnerability markers, including validation-seeking, peer conformity, and identity confusion, and explains how these are reinforced through algorithmic amplification. A conceptual framework is proposed to guide the ethical use of forensic AI profiling and targeted interventions. By reframing adolescent disinformation susceptibility as both a developmental and algorithmic risk, this paper emphasizes the need to integrate ethical AI, media literacy, and national security perspectives into a unified prevention strategy.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analyses of South Asia’s Arson Terror: Attacks in Light of Regional Characteristics]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0022</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This article analyzes the characteristics of incendiary terrorism and other deliberate arson attacks worldwide to identify the trends of attacks. It examines the trends of change and the risk of terrorist attacks against targets using three sets of information from the insurance databases of terrorist attacks that can be traced back to arson, sabotage actions against facilities, and intentional damage events. The analysis presents the consequences of the cases, the motives for committing them, and the criteria for selecting the targets of the attacks, against the background of which we can identify the unique considerations of the fire protection risk assessment carried out by terrorists. The study provides clues for fire protection and public safety threat assessment to reduce risks for the protection of life and property, defined by setting up a criteria system for attacks, as well as by formulating proposals for preventive measures that reverse them and further investigation directions.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Digital Transformation Lessons Learned from Failures in an Urban Hospital Network]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0026</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper examines the complex challenges of digital transformation in a healthcare organization that has relied on an outdated, mainframe-based system from the 1990s. Despite expanding its services into modern care, the failure to modernize core digital infrastructure has created a misalignment between its legacy technology and current operational needs. The crisis stems from interconnected issues, including a passive strategic posture that prioritized short-term cost containment, inadequate risk management, and a lack of leadership readiness. These compounded failures have hindered the organization’s ability to adapt and align with the demands of contemporary healthcare, underscoring the critical need for comprehensive change management that addresses both structural and cultural elements of the organization.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Killnet Cyber Attacks (2022-2023): Case Study and Analysis]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0017</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[KillNet, a pro-Russian hacktivist collective, conducted sustained distributed-denial-of-service (DDoS) campaigns across 2022-2023 that disrupted government, transportation, and critical-infrastructure services in multiple countries aligned with Ukraine. This case-study review synthesizes open-source reporting and institutional advisories to examine KillNet’s targeting, tradecraft, and effects, with a focal vignette on Lithuania’s energy sector. Findings show that while DDoS attacks rarely cause physical destruction, they can degrade grid telemetry, force manual contingencies, and delay incident response, thereby amplifying operational risk in smart-grid environments and driving significant defensive expenditures. Beyond technical impacts, recurrent disruptions erode public trust and can catalyze political instability. Attribution remains challenging given the group’s decentralized structure, botnet-enabled scale, tool reuse, and false-flag tactics. International responses coalesced around Five Eyes and EU guidance, public-private information sharing, and adoption of zero-trust and traffic-scrubbing controls. The paper concludes that countering KillNet-like actors requires coordinated standards, AI-enabled detection and attribution research, and resilience-by-design in Critical infrastructure.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity: Applications and Challenges]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0021</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into cybersecurity, highlighting its role in detecting, preventing, and responding to increasingly sophisticated cyber threats. A review of the state of the art demonstrates significant progress in anomaly detection, explainable AI (XAI), and resilience against adversarial attacks. The study examines practical applications of AI across multiple domains, including threat detection, automated incident response, vulnerability analysis, anti-phishing systems, and adaptive authentication. Commercial platforms such as Darktrace, Vectra AI, and Microsoft Defender showcase the real-world impact of AI-driven security solutions. Additionally, relevant research initiatives, such as the DARPA Cyber Grand Challenge and EU’s AI4Cyber project, emphasize the growing importance of AI in protecting critical infrastructures. A case study on detecting and containing an Advanced persistent Threat (APT) in the financial sector further illustrates the effectiveness of unsupervised learning and automated response mechanisms. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including false positives, lack of transparency, adversarial vulnerabilities, and ethical considerations. The paper concludes by identifying future directions, such as the development of robust explainable models, integration of generative AI, and closer collaboration between human experts and AI systems.]]></description>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Teacher Leadership for the 21st Century]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0016</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[As the educational landscape becomes increasingly complex due to rapid technological advancements, shifting demographics, and evolving societal needs, traditional hierarchical leadership models are no longer sufficient. This paper explores the transformative role of teacher leadership in navigating 21st-century educational challenges, emphasizing the importance of empowering teachers as agents of change. Drawing from qualitative research and lived experiences, the authors examine the Seven Domains of Teacher Leadership as articulated by the Teacher Leadership Exploratory Consortium (2011), providing historical context and evidence-based best practices for implementation in school settings. The work synthesizes key leadership theories – including relational, distributed, and complexity leadership – and underscores the essential 21st-century competencies such as Critical Thinking, Creativity, Communication, and Collaboration. Veteran teachers, with their extensive classroom experience and institutional knowledge, emerge as vital contributors to instructional Leadership, mentoring, and school-wide improvement efforts. However, the paper also confronts the challenges inherent in implementing teacher leadership, such as technological readiness, institutional barriers, and role ambiguity. By integrating theory, research, and field-based insights, this study not only contributes to the growing body of scholarship on teacher leadership but also offers practical strategies for fostering leadership capacity among educators. Ultimately, it argues that cultivating strong teacher leaders is imperative to enhancing student achievement and ensuring educational equity in the 21st Century.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Authenticity Vs. Commercialization in Cultural Tourism: Balancing Preservation and Mass Tourism]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0027</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[Cultural tourism, a rapidly expanding sector, draws travelers seeking authentic cultural experiences, yet its growth often leads to the commercialization of heritage, threatening authenticity and sustainability. This paper explores the tension between preserving cultural integrity and meeting mass tourism demands, examining economic, social, and environmental impacts. It defines authenticity through objective, constructive, and existential lenses, highlighting its role in shaping tourist experiences, while commercialization often transforms culture into marketable products, risking commodification and staged authenticity. The study analyzes how economic incentives, globalization, and media influence commercialization, potentially eroding cultural identity. Strategies to balance these forces include community empowerment, sustainable practices, educational tourism, and ethical marketing. Through a qualitative review of recent literature, the paper advocates for collaborative, sustainable approaches to ensure cultural tourism preserves heritage while fostering economic benefits, emphasizing the need for responsible management to maintain authenticity for future generations.]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Analysis and Optimization of the Orbital Configuration of a Constellation of Satellites Intended For Romanian Nationwide Communications in the X-Band]]></title>
            <link>https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/bsaft-2025-0025</link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[This paper presents the results of an analysis and optimization of a Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) CubeSat satellite constellation transmitting in the X-band, aimed at ensuring reliable nationwide microwave communications in Romania. A practical case study was conducted, focusing on clearly defined performance objectives, including territorial coverage, redundancy, and system resilience. The satellite constellation was modelled and simulated using the ANSYS Systems Tool Kit and further optimized through multi-objective genetic algorithms in MATLAB. The results provide optimized orbital configuration solutions and performance metrics, representing a first step toward strengthening Romania’s technological autonomy in the field of microwave communications.]]></description>
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