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Performance Evaluation of a Deep Learning-Enhanced Software-Defined Receiver for IRNSS SPS Signals in Vietnam Cover

Performance Evaluation of a Deep Learning-Enhanced Software-Defined Receiver for IRNSS SPS Signals in Vietnam

Open Access
|Feb 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

IRNSS coverage area
IRNSS coverage area

Figure 2.

IRNSS message frame’s structure
IRNSS message frame’s structure

Figure 3.

Block diagram of developed SDR for IRNSS/NavIC signal
Block diagram of developed SDR for IRNSS/NavIC signal

Figure 4.

Deep learning-based acquisition architecture for IRNSS/NavIC signal
Deep learning-based acquisition architecture for IRNSS/NavIC signal

Figure 5.

Process chain for message decoding.
Process chain for message decoding.

Figure 6.

Experimental setup
Experimental setup

Figure 7.

Check the input signal quality
Check the input signal quality

Figure 8.

Acquisition CAF plots for all IRNSS PRNs at 12:31:37 May 23rd 2024
Acquisition CAF plots for all IRNSS PRNs at 12:31:37 May 23rd 2024

Figure 9.

Tracking plot for PRN 10 from 12:31:37 to 12:32:27 (50 seconds) on May 23rd 2024
Tracking plot for PRN 10 from 12:31:37 to 12:32:27 (50 seconds) on May 23rd 2024

Figure 10.

C/N0 values of all PRNs from 12:31:37 to 12:32:27 (50 seconds) on May 23rd 2024
C/N0 values of all PRNs from 12:31:37 to 12:32:27 (50 seconds) on May 23rd 2024

Figure 11.

Navigation solution at 12:31:37
Navigation solution at 12:31:37

Figure 12.

Tracking plots for PRN 5 and PRN 7 on May 23rd 2024
Tracking plots for PRN 5 and PRN 7 on May 23rd 2024

Figure 13.

Navigation bits after FEC decoding of PRN 5 and PRN 7
Navigation bits after FEC decoding of PRN 5 and PRN 7

Figure 14.

Acquisition results for different days
Acquisition results for different days

Figure 15.

CN0 for 24 hours on Jun 01st
CN0 for 24 hours on Jun 01st

Figure 16.

Skyplot for 24 hours
Skyplot for 24 hours

Figure 17.

Skyplot for 48 hours
Skyplot for 48 hours

Difference between GPS vs IRNSS

System parameterIRNSSGPS

Carrier center frequency1176.45 MHz1575.42 MHz
Coding schemeConvolution + InterleavingParity check
Navigation data rate50 sps (50 sps equivalent to 25 bps)50 bps
System timeIRNSS system timeGPS time

Position errors on 24 hours of different days

Position Error (m)

TimestampMay 31st to Jun 01stJun 01st to Jun 02stJun 02nd to Jun 03rd

08h0833.79926.60324.391
09h0833.79924.70129.853
10h0825.28229.41927.301
11h0824.07730.65426.301
12h0819.54829.67222.105
13h0823.02126.27925.620
14h0826.31228.14529.931
15h0881.09230.279116.789
16h0818.96937.771287.028
17h0816.20026.71134.795
18h0829.09525.32144.743
19h0826.68619.26927.064
20h0827.06316.00821.467
21h0824.11619.92620.831
22h0818.60823.23721.786
23h0819.23319.42813.061
00h0821.06830.04416.809
01h0828.05717.62728.040
02h0822.83728.46129.899
03h0828.93930.76933.448
04h0827.68960.94942.273
05h0823.23230.20326.902
06h0829.19126.93720.437
07h0821.80226.06823.469

USRP configuration_

ParametersValue

Output typeComplex int16
Wire FormatAutomatic
SyncPC
Clock rate200 Mhz
Input typeshort
Vector length2
Append fileOverwrite
Value2000000
Gain value80
AntennaTX/RX
Center Freq (Hz)1176450000
Gain TypeAbsolute (dB)
Bandwidth (Hz)0

Common parameters between GPS and IRNSS_

System parameters

MultiplexingCDMA
ModulationBPSK
Spreading codeGold-cod 10 bits
Chip rate1.023 MHz
Code length1023 chips
Code period1 millisecond
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/arsa-2025-0008 | Journal eISSN: 2083-6104 | Journal ISSN: 1509-3859
Language: English
Page range: 137 - 160
Submitted on: May 19, 2025
|
Accepted on: Oct 10, 2025
|
Published on: Feb 12, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2026 Hiep Hoang Van, Ty Dinh Viet, Hung Pham Ngoc, Tung Ta Hai, Thuan Nguyen Dinh, published by Polish Academy of Sciences, Space Research Centre
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.