Figure 1.
Comparison of the content of groups of secondary metabolites: hydroxycinnamic derivatives (THD), total polyphenols (TP), and tannins, calculated per weight of dried extract of leaves and roots of D. fullonum. The bars represent mean ± SD, n=4; *** = p <0.001 extracts of leaves vs. extracts of roots (ANOV A/Bonferroni).
Figure 2.
Dose-dependent inhibition of DPPH radical by D. fullonum extracts of leaves, roots a 1:lmixture of leaves and roots extracts, and chlorogenic acid as the positive control. The bars represent the mean ± SD, n=4. Pearson’s two-tailed correlation test was used to assess the correlation, where p<0.05 was observed for the leaves and chlorogenic acid, and p<0.01 for the roots and 1:1 mixture.
Table 1.
Overview of IC50, correlation coefficient (r) and CI values for D. fullonum leaves extract, roots extract, their mixture in the ratio of 1:1 and chlorogenic acid.
| Extract/combination | IC50 [μg/mL] | r | CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leaves | 34.78 | 0.9816 | - |
| Roots | 53.81 | 0.9945 | - |
| 1:1 mixture | 42.67 | 0.9970 | 1.01 |
| Chlorogenic acid | 3.56 | 0.9879 | - |
Table 2.
MIC and MBC of extracts of leaves and roots of D. fullonum on reference bacterial strains.
| Bacteria | Leaves | Roots | Streptomycin | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIC [mg/mL] | MIC [mg/mL] | MIC [mg/mL] | MBC [mg/mL] | MIC [mg/mL] | MBC [mg/mL] | |
| MSSA | 10 | >40 | >40 | >40 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| MRSA | 20 | >40 | >40 | >40 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| P. aeruginosa | 40 | >40 | >40 | >40 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| E. coli | >40 | >40 | >40 | >40 | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| E. faecalis | >40 | >40 | >40 | >40 | 0.015 | 0.060 |
| P. mirabilis | 40 | >40 | >40 | >40 | 0.008 | 0.008 |