Evaluation of perennial Glycine species for response to Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis, and Pratylenchus penetrans

Accessions of perennial Glycine species and soybean checks inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis, and Pratylenchus penetrans.

Glycine species	Accession	Origin	Chromosome number
G. argyrea	PI 509451	Queensland, Australia	40
G. canescens	PI 573045	Western Australia, Australia	40
G. canescens	PI 440932	South Australia, Australia	40
G. clandestina	PI 440960	New South Wales, Australia	40
G. cyrtoloba	PI 509472	Queensland, Australia	40
G. curvata	PI 505167	Queensland, Australia	unknown
G. latifolia	PI 559298	Queensland, Australia	40
G. latifolia	PI 559300	Queensland, Australia	40
G. microphylla	PI 509487	New South Wales, Australia	40
G. microphylla	PI 505188	Queensland, Australia	40
G. pescadrensis	PI 505197	Queensland, Australia	80
G. tabacina	PI 446974	Okinawa, Japan	80
G. tabacina	PI 373990	New South Wales, Australia	40
G. tomentella	PI 446983	Papua New Guinea	40
G. tomentella	PI 505214	Queensland, Australia	80
G. tomentella	PI 339655	Taichung, Taiwan	80
G. tomentella	PI 441001	Queensland, Australia	78
G. tomentella	PI 505238	Queensland, Australia	80
G. max cv. Pickett71^a	PI 548982	USA	40
G. max cv. Forrest^b	PI 548655	USA	40
G. max^c,d	PI 88788	Liaoning Sheng, China	40
G. max cv. Lee 68^e	PI 559369	USA	40
G. max cv. Williams 82^d	PI 518671	USA	40

Notes:

a Susceptible check for M. incognita (Vanderspool et al., 1994).

b Resistant check for M. incognita and R. reniformis (Hussey et al., 1991; Robbins et al., 1994).

c Susceptible check for R. reniformis (Robbins and Rakes, 1996).

d Included in P. penetrans tests.

e Susceptible check for P. penetrans (Schmitt and Barker, 1981).

Table 2

Eggs per gram of root and gall index of Meloidogyne incognita 8 weeks after inoculation.

Glycine species^a	Accession	N^b	Gall index^c,d	Eggs per gram of root^c,e
G. canescens	PI 573045	9	6.7 a	34122 a
G. latifolia	PI 559298	7	6.1 a	13031 ab
G. max cv. Pickett 71 (S)	PI 548982	7	6.1 a	6896 ab
G. microphylla	PI 509487	9	4.1 b	40918 a
G. tomentella	PI 505238	10	3.0 bc	4285 ab
G. clandestina	PI 440960	6	3.0 b-d	285 c-f
G. pescadrensis	PI 505197	10	2.6 cd	52 ef
G. tomentella	PI 505214	10	2.4 cd	5058 ab
G. cyrtoloba	PI 509472	10	2.3 c-e	437 d-f
G. latifolia	PI 559300	8	2.3 c-f	210 d-f
G. microphylla	PI 505188	7	2.1 c-f	4597 ab
G. canescens	PI 440932	9	1.9 c-f	169 d-f
G. tabacina	PI 446974	10	1.8 c-f	430 de
G. max cv. Forrest (R)	PI 548655	10	1.8 c-f	1981 a-c
G. argyrea	PI 509451	5	1.7 c-g	579 b-d
G. curvata	PI 505167	6	1.2 d-h	4867 ab
G. tabacina	PI 373990	10	0.9 e-h	53 ef
G. tomentella	PI 441001	10	0.8 f-h	238 d-f
G. tomentella	PI 446983	9	0.3 gh	111 f
G. tomentella	PI 339655	10	0.2 h	3 f

Notes:

a S = susceptible check; R = resistant check.

b Sample number. The Bartlett tests for homogeneity of variances for eggs per gram of root and gall index were not significant (P > 0.05) between two trials so data were pooled before the analyses.

c Means with different letters are significantly different at α = 0.05 based on Tukey–Kramer HSD test.

d Bridge and Page, 1980.

e Eggs per gram of root were log (x + 1)-transformed before analysis and original data are presented here.

Representative images of soybean and perennial *Glycine* species roots at 8 weeks post-inoculation of *Meloidogyne incognita*. Gall index rating is given in parentheses A, susceptible check *G. max* cv. Pickett 71. B, resistant check *G. max* cv. Forrest. C, *G. tomentella* PI 339655. D, *G. latifolia* PI 559298. E, *G. latifolia* PI 559300. F, *G. tabacina* PI 373990.

Table 3

Number of eggs and vermiform Rotylenchulus reniformis per gram of root on perennial Glycine species and two soybean cultivars 10 weeks after inoculation.

Glycine species^a	Accession	N^b	Nematodes per gram of root^c
G. canescens	PI 573045	9	41245 a
G. microphylla	PI 509487	7	33424 a-c
G. microphylla	PI 505188	7	31744 ab
G. tomentella	PI 505238	10	31274 ab
G. latifolia	PI 559298	5	28578 a-c
G. tomentella	PI 505214	9	25039 a-c
G. cyrtoloba	PI 509472	8	10983 b-d
G. tabacina	PI 373990	6	10811 b-d
G. pescadrensis	PI 505197	10	8594 c-e
G. canescens	PI 440932	8	8265 c-e
G. max (S)	PI 88788	8	5910 d-f
G. latifolia	PI 559300	8	5897 d-f
G. curvata	PI 505167	8	5408 d-g
G. tomentella	PI 339655	7	2697 e-g
G. tabacina	PI 446974	9	1806 gh
G. argyrea	PI 509451	6	1783 f-h
G. clandestina	PI 440960	8	1511 i
G. tomentella	PI 446983	10	673 hi
G. max cv. Forrest (R)	PI 548655	10	306 i
G. tomentella	PI 441001	9	84 j
Fallow^d		10	223^d

Notes:

a S: susceptible check; R: resistant check.

b Sample number. The Bartlett test for homogeneity of variance was not significant (P > 0.05) between two trials so data were pooled before the analysis.

c Nematodes per gram of root was log (x) transformed before analysis and original data are presented. Means with different letters were significantly different at α = 0.05 based on Tukey-Kramer HSD test.

d Average of R. reniformis per pot from infested fallow soil control; fallow control was not included in analysis for final nematodes per gram of root.

Table 4

Nematode per gram of root of Pratylenchus penetrans on perennial Glycine species and soybean cultivars six days after inoculation.

		Trial 1^b		Trial 2^b
Glycine species^a	Accession	N	Nematodes per gram of root^c	N	Nematodes per gram of root^c
G. clandestina	PI 440960	5	259 a	4	349 a
G. tomentella	PI 339655	5	221 a	4	71 abc
G. microphylla	PI 505188	4	144 ab	2	124 abc
G. tabacina	PI 373990	4	96 ab	5	40 abc
G. pescadrensis	PI 505197	4	77 ab	4	111 abc
G. tabacina	PI 446974	4	70 ab	2	0 c
G. tomentella	PI 441001	4	65 ab	5	127 ab
G. canescens	PI 440932	5	34 ab	3	40 abc
G. max cv. Lee 68 (S)	PI 559369	5	8 b	2	64 abc
G. max cv. Williams 82	PI 518671	4	7 b	3	9 abc
G. max	PI 88788	4	7 b	5	2 c

Notes:

a Resistant soybean check is not available so not included in the test; S = susceptible check.

b N: sample number. The Bartlett test for homogeneity of variance was significant (P < 0.05) between two trials so analysis was done separately.

c Nematodes per gram of root was log transformed (x + 1) before analysis and original data are presented. Means with different letters are significantly different at α=0.05 based on Tukey-Kramer HSD test.

Table 5

Summary of the response of perennial Glycine species to Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Pratylenchus penetrans, Heterodera glycines, and Phakopsora pachyrhizi.

		*M. incognita^a*		*R. reniformis^a*	*P. penetrans^a*	*H. glycines^b*	*P. pachyrhizi^c*
Glycine species	Accession	Eggs/g root^d	Gall index^d	Nematodes/g root^e	Nematodes/g root^f
G. canescens	PI 573045	S	S	S	-^g	S	-
G. latifolia	PI 559298	S	S	S	-	-	-
G. microphylla	PI 509487	S	MR	S	-	S	-
G. tomentella	PI 505214	S	R	S	-	S	-
G. microphylla	PI 505188	S	R	S	S	R	-
G. argyrea	PI 509451	S	R	S	-	R	IM^h
G. curvata	PI 505167	S	R	S	-	MS	-
G. tomentella	PI 505238	S	R	S	-	MR	-
G. clandestina	PI 440960	R	R	R	S	MR	S
G. tabacina	PI 446974	R	R	MR	S	S	R
G. pescadrensis	PI 505197	R	R	S	S	R	-
G. latifolia	PI 559300	R	R	S	-	-	-
G. cyrtoloba	PI 509472	R	R	S	-	R	-
G. canescens	PI 440932	R	R	S	S	R	-
G. tabacina	PI 373990	R	R	S	S	R	-
G. tomentella	PI 446983	R	R	R	-	S	-
G. tomentella	PI 441001	R	R	R	S	R	MR
G. tomentella	PI 339655	R	R	S	S	R	-

Notes:

a S (susceptible) ≥ susceptible check > MR (moderately resistant) > resistant check ≥ R (resistant). There was no MR for M. incognita eggs/g root since the susceptible check and resistant check were not significantly different. Rating was determined by the results from two tests for each of M. incognita and R. reniformis.

b MS = moderately susceptible to H. glycines HG 0 (Wen et al., 2017).

c Hartman et al., 1992; Herman et al., 2020.

d Eggs per gram root was determined as the total number of eggs extracted from roots per gram of fresh roots 8 weeks after inoculation. The gall index was determined by the extent of root galling comparing with the root-knot rating chart 8 weeks after inoculation (Bridge and Page, 1980).

e Nematodes per gram of root for R. reniformis was determined as the total number of eggs and vermiform nematodes from the roots and soil per gram of fresh roots 10 weeks after inoculation.

f Nematodes per gram of root for P. penetrans was determined as the total number of vermiform nematodes from the roots per gram of fresh roots 6 days after inoculation.

g Not tested or unknown.

h IM = Immune response to isolate MAL19 (Herman et al., 2020).

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2022-001 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X

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Language: English

Page range: 1 - 13

Submitted on: Sep 22, 2021

Published on: Feb 18, 2022

Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

Keywords:

Meloidogyne incognita,

perennial Glycine,

Pratylenchus penetrans,

resistance,

Rotylenchulus reniformis

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Life sciences, other

© 2022 Jaeyeong Han, Steven P. Locke, Theresa K. Herman, Nathan E. Schroeder, Glen L. Hartman, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 54 (2022): Issue 1 (February 2022)

Evaluation of perennial Glycine species for response to Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis, and Pratylenchus penetrans

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