Anderson, R. V. and Ebsary, B. A. 1982. Canadian species of Merlinius Siddiqi, 1970 and a diagnosis and description for Mulveyotus hyalacus n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchorhynchidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:521–529.
Carta, L. K., Skantar, A. M. and Handoo, Z. A. 2010. Molecular rDNA phylogeny of Telotylenchidae Siddiqi, 1960 and evaluation of tail termini. Journal of Nematology 42:359–369.
Chitwood, B. G. 1950. “General structure of nematodes”, in Chitwood, B. G. and Chitwood, M. B. (Eds), An Introduction to Nematology. Section 1, Anatomy. Monumental Printing Co., Baltimore, pp. 7–187.
Choi, Y. E. and Geraert, E. 1993. Nematodes associated with forest trees in Korea. II: three new and one described species of Geocenamus with a note on the en face view in the genus. Nematologica 39:431–449.
De Ley, P., Félix, M. A., Frisse, L. M., Nadler, S. A., Sternberg, P. W. and Thomas, W. K. 1999), Molecular and morphological characterization of two reproductively isolated species with mirror-image anatomy (Nematoda: Cephalobidae). Nematology 1:591–612.
Eroshenko, A. S. and Volkova, T. V. 1987. Nematodes Geocenamus patternus n.sp. and Patholotylenchus nurserus n.gen.et. n.sp. from rhizosphere of Coniferales of the Far east of the USSR. Parazitologijia 21:595–598.
Ghaderi, R., Karegar, A., Niknam, G. and Subbotin, S. A. 2014. Phylogenetic relationships of Telotylenchidae Siddiqi, 1960 and Merliniidae Siddiqi, 1971 (Nematoda: Tylenchida) from Iran, as inferred from the analysis of the D2–D3 expansion fragments of 28S rRNA gene sequences. Nematology 16:863–877.
Handoo, Z. A., Palomares-Rius, J., Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, E., Liébanas, C., Subbotin, G. S. A. and Castillo, P. 2014. Integrative taxonomy of the stunt nematodes of the genera Bitylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus (Nematoda, Telotylenchidae) with description of two new species and molecular phylogeny. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 172:231–264.
Hooper, D. J. 1978. “Structure and classification of nematodes”, in Southey, J. F. (Ed.), Plant Nematology Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, pp. 3–45.
Ivanova, T. S. and Shagalina, L. M. 1983. A new genus and species of the nematode Hexadorus deserticola n.g., n.sp. (Tylenchida, Belonolaiminae) in deserts of Central Asia. (In Russian), Parazitologiya 17:318–321.
Jairajpuri, M. S. 1971. On Scutylenchus mamillatus (Tobar-Jiménez, 1966) n.comb. 40th annual session. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India, 18 pp.
Joyce, S., Reid, A., Driver, F. and Curran, J. 1994. “Application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods to identification of entomopathogenic nematodes”, in Burnell, A. M., Ehlers, R. U. and Masson, J. P. (Eds), COST 812 Biotechnology: Genetics of Entomopathogenic Nematode-bacterium Complexes. Proceedings of Symposium & Workshop, St. Patrick’s College, Maynooth, Co European Commission, DG XII, Kildare, pp. 178–187.
Katoh, K. and Standley, D. M. 2013. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30:772–780.
Kazachenko, I. P. 1980. New species of nematodes (Tylenchida) and a description of the male Yeratocephalus sigillarius (Rhabditida) from forests in the Far East. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 59:810–817.
Khan, A. and Saeed 1988. Studies on some members of the family Tylenchorhynchidae, wih comments on Tylenchorhynchus obscurisulatus Andrassy, 1959, T. paranudus Phukan & Sanwal, 1982 and Merlinius varians (Thorne & Malek, 1968), Siddiqi, 1970. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 23:74–79.
Li, J. H., Duan, Y. X. and Chen, L. J. 2004. Description of one New Recorded Species of Belonolaimidae in China. (In Chinese), Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University 35:101–104.
Maggenti, A. R., Luc, M., Raski, D. J., Fortuner, R. and Geraert, E. 1988. A reappraisal of Tylenchina (Nemata): 11. List of generic and supra-generic taxa, with their junior synonyms. Revue de Nematologie 11:177–188.
Maria, M., Cai, R., Castillo, P. and Zheng, J. 2018. Morphological and molecular characterization of Hemicriconemoides paracamelliae sp. n. (Nematoda: Criconematidae) and two known species of Hemicriconemoides from China. Nematology 20:403–422.
Ni, X. M. and Liu, W. Z. 2004. The Description of new recorded species of nematode, Scutylenchus myungsugae, in China. (In Chinese), Journal of Laiyang Agricultural College 21:88–90.
Nguyen, H. T., Linh-Le, T. M., Nguyen, T. H., Liebanas, G., Duong-Nguyen, T. A. and Trinh, Q. P. 2019. Description of Geocenamus vietnamensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Merliniidae) from Vietnam. Journal of Nematology 51:1–12, available at: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-025
Olson, M., Harris, T., Higgins, R., Mullin, P., Powers, K., Olson, S. and Powers, T. O. 2017. Species delimitation and description of Mesocriconema nebraskense n. sp (Nematoda: Criconematidae), a morphologically cryptic, parthenogenetic species from North American Grasslands. Journal of Nematology 49:42–66.
Peng, D. L. and Hunt, D. J. 1995. Scutylenchus brevicadatus sp. nov. from China and Scutellonema paludosum sp. nov. (Nematoda: Tylenchida) from the Falkland Islands. Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology 5:55–60.
Powers, T. O., Harris, T., Higgins, R., Sutton, L., and Powers, K. S. 2010. Morphological and molecular characterization of Discocriconemella inarata, an endemic nematode from North American native tallgrass prairies. Journal of Nematology 42:35–45.
Siddiqi, M. R. 1971. Structure of the esophagus in the classification of the superfamily Tylenchoidea (Nematoda). Indian Journal of Nematology 1:25–43.
Siddiqi, M. R. 1976. New plant nematode genera Plesiodorus (Dolichodorinae), Meiodorus (Meiodorinae subfam. n.), Amplimerlinius (Merliniinae) and Gracilancea (Tylodoridae grad. n.). Nematologica 22:390–416.
Siddiqi, M. R. 1979. Taxonomy of the plant nematode subfamily Merliniinae Siddiqi, 1970, with descriptions of Merlinius processus n. sp., M. loofi, n. sp., and Amplimerlinius globigerus n. sp. from Europe. Systematic Parasitology 1:43–59.
Sturhan, D. 2012. Contribution to a revision of the family Merliniidae Ryss, 1998, with proposal of Pratylenchoidinae subfam. n., Paramerlinius gen. n., Macrotylenchus gen. n. and description of M. hylophilus sp. n. (Tylenchida). Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 15:127–147.
Thorne, G. and Malek, R. B. 1968. Nematodes of the northern great plains. part I. Tylenchida (Nemata: Secernentea). Technical Bulletin of South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station 111 pp.
Volkova, T. V. 1993. Root parasitic nematodes of family Tylenchorhnchidae from the world fauna. Book 1, Part I and II: Book 2. Dal’nevostochnoe Otdelenie, Akadeiya Nauk SSSR, Vladivostok, 167+274+171 pp.
Whitehead, A. G. 1959. Trichotylenchus falciformis n. g, n. sp., (Belonolaiminae n. subfam.: Tylenchida Thorne, 1949) an associate of grassroots (Hyparrhenia sp.) in Southern Tanganyika. Nematologica 4:279–285.
Ye, W., Giblin-Davis, R. M., Braasch, H., Morris, K. and Thomas, W. K. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships among Bursaphelenchus species (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43:1185–1197.
Zheng, J., Subbotin, S. A., He, S., Gu, J. and Moens, M. 2003. Molecular characterization of some Asian isolates of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus using PCR-RFLPs and sequences of ribosomal DNA. Russian Journal of Nematology 11:17–22.