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Field and greenhouse evaluations of soil suppressiveness to Heterodera glycines in the Midwest corn-soybean production systems

Journal of Nematology
Volume 51 (2019): Issue 1 (January 2019)
By:
Open Access
|Jun 2019

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Tillage, crop rotation, and biocide treatment effects on soybean yield at two field sites infested with Heterodera glycines in Minnesota. (A) Tillage treatment at Site 1. (B) Biocide and crop sequence treatments at Site 1. (C) Tillage treatment at Site 2. (D) Biocide and crop sequence treatments at Site 2. CT = Conventional tillage, and NT = No-tillage. The CSCS, CRCS, and SSSS are 4-yr crop sequences where C is corn, S is SCN-susceptible soybean, R is SCN-resistant soybean, and the consecutive letters represent the crops in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. Illustrated are mean (±1 SE) main effects (n = 4). Bars annotated by contrasting letter(s) within the same year are different according to LSD test at P ⩽ 0.05.
Tillage, crop rotation, and biocide treatment effects on soybean yield at two field sites infested with Heterodera glycines in Minnesota. (A) Tillage treatment at Site 1. (B) Biocide and crop sequence treatments at Site 1. (C) Tillage treatment at Site 2. (D) Biocide and crop sequence treatments at Site 2. CT = Conventional tillage, and NT = No-tillage. The CSCS, CRCS, and SSSS are 4-yr crop sequences where C is corn, S is SCN-susceptible soybean, R is SCN-resistant soybean, and the consecutive letters represent the crops in 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012, respectively. Illustrated are mean (±1 SE) main effects (n = 4). Bars annotated by contrasting letter(s) within the same year are different according to LSD test at P ⩽ 0.05.

Figure 2:

Egg population density of Heterodera glycines and soybean shoot dry weight in the greenhouse assay of soil from plots treated with tillage, crop rotation, and biocides at two field sites in Minnesota. (A) Egg population density at Site 1. (B) Egg population density at Site 2. (C) Soybean shoot dry weight at Site 1. (D) Soybean shoot dry weight at Site 2. The data are means of all tillage and crop-biocide treatments with four replicates (n = 48 at Site 1, and n = 40 at Site 2). The lines above the bars indicate the standard error. Bars annotated by contrasting letter(s) within the same year are significantly different according to LSD test at P ⩽ 0.05.
Egg population density of Heterodera glycines and soybean shoot dry weight in the greenhouse assay of soil from plots treated with tillage, crop rotation, and biocides at two field sites in Minnesota. (A) Egg population density at Site 1. (B) Egg population density at Site 2. (C) Soybean shoot dry weight at Site 1. (D) Soybean shoot dry weight at Site 2. The data are means of all tillage and crop-biocide treatments with four replicates (n = 48 at Site 1, and n = 40 at Site 2). The lines above the bars indicate the standard error. Bars annotated by contrasting letter(s) within the same year are significantly different according to LSD test at P ⩽ 0.05.

Figure A1:

Field map of sample Site 1 in 2012.
Field map of sample Site 1 in 2012.

Interactive effects of tillage and crop-biocide treatments on the population density (eggs/100 cm3 soil) of Heterodera glycines_

TreatmentsPf2010, Site 1Pm2012, Site 1Pm2010, Site 2
CropBiocideNo-tillageConventional tillageNo-tillageConventional tillageNo-tillageConventional tillage
C-S-C-SNo biocide5,175ab A3,300c A959c A1,269cd A141b A138c A
C-R-C-SNo biocide1,238d A1,550d A219d B734d A131b A13c B
S-S-S-SStreptomycin3,300c B6,575b A2,744b A2,513b A322a B1,806bc A
S-S-S-SCaptan5,538b A7,225b A5,438a A2,256bc B1,047a A1,359a A
S-S-S-SNo biocide4,275bc A6,388b A2,988b A2,344bc A956a A1,459ab A
S-S-S-SFormaldehyde14,463a A10,850a A5,788a A5,944a A

Plot treatments_

Crop sequence
Treatment2009201020112012Biocide treatment
1CSCSNo
2CR1CSNo
3SSSSStreptomycin, every year
4SSSSCaptan, every year
5SSSSNo
6SSSSFormalina

Tillage, crop rotation, and biocide treatment effects on Heterodera glycines population density (eggs/100 cm3 soil) at nematode suppressive soil at two field sites in Minnesota_

Year2009201020112012
TreatmentPiPmPfPiPmPfPiPmPfPiPmPf
Site 1
Tillage:
 No-tillage4,258 a4,442 a7,033 a4,853 a2,400 b5,664 a4,442 a2,507 a6,319 a4,621 a3,022 a11,666 a
 Conventional tillage4,393 a4,241 a8,547 a5,135 a3,378 a5,981 a4,622 a2,116 a6,457 a3,409 b2,510 a8,613 a
Crop-Biocide:
 C-S-C-S,no biocide3,881 a3,200 c2,250 b1,766 b1,102 d4,238 c2,263 c1,275 b1,175 d677 d1,114 c11,803 b
 C-R-C-Sno biocide4,519 a3,350 c2,756 b1,480 b848 d1,394 d1,075 d678 c438 e345 d477 d6,975 c
 S-S-S-Sstreptomycin5,338 a5,452 a11,675 a6,609 a2,581 c4,938 bc3,556 b1,791 b6,488 c4,413 bc2,628 b6,209 c
 S-S-S-Scaptan4,013 a5,409 a10,444 a6,775 a4,131 b6,381 b4,334 b2,406 b9,181 b6,206 ab3,847 b9,781 bc
 S-S-S-Sno biocide4,641 a4,847 ab9,794 a5,947 a2,828 c5,331 bc3,406 bc1,597 b6,506 c3,969 c2,666 b8,169 c
 S-S-S-Sformaldehyde3,566 a3,794 bc9,825 a7,391 a5,856 a12,656 a12,563 a6,125 a14,541 a8,481 a5,866 a17,897 a
Overall means4,3264,3427,7904,9942,8895,8234,5322,3126,3884,0152,76610,140
ANOVA (F-statistics):
 Tillage0.090.013.820.1925.46*0.341.040.070.5318.2*01.14
 Crop-Biocide1.985.65***23.08****33.56****32.2****32.83****38.2****16.09****75.89****39.18****33.03****10.88****
 Tillage × Crop-Biocide0.321.842.381.281.673.76**1.81.791.721.014.16**1.23
Site 2
Tillage:
 No-tillage139 a553 a1,146 a899 a519 b2,586 a2,892 a2,747 a6,708 a3,635 a2,368 a7,646 a
 Conventional tillage65 a539 a1,732 a803 a955 a2,893 a2,702 a2,467a6,205 a2,993 a2,634 a7,590 a
Crop-Biocide:
 C-S-C-Sno biocide136 a106 b214 c64 b139 b1,381 b1,025 b1,363 b1,594 c806 c1,141 c8,231 a
 C-R-C-Sno biocide123 a158 b91 c374 b72 b153 c163 c100 c125 d144 d197 d3,631 b
 S-S-S-Sstreptomycin92 a1,053 a1,586 b802 a1,064 a4,506 a3,919 a4,322 a10,369 ab3,988 b3,188 b7,991 a
 S-S-S-Scaptan98 a809 a2,430 ab1,439 a1,203 a4,113 a5,150 a4,856 a12,563 a7,581 a5,859 a11,325 a
 S-S-S-Sno biocide61 a602 a2,873 a1,579 a1,208 a3,544 a2,781 a3,347 a7,631 b4,050 b2,119 b6,913 a
Overall means1025461,4398517372,7402,7972,6076,4573,3142,5017,618
ANOVA (F-statistics):
 Tillage3.90.412.071.6410.56*0.961.210.893.850.252.870.02
 Biocide-crop 7.18***22.01****7.77***22.45****34.09****20.98****29.94****54.87****37.73****28.89****6.09**
 Tillage × Crop-Biocide0.090.261.080.154.67**1.171.240.690.361.250.430.57
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-032 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
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Language: English
Page range: 1 - 12
Submitted on: Dec 18, 2018
Published on: Jun 3, 2019
Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year
Keywords:
Biological control,
Captan,
Crop rotation,
Formaldehyde,
Nematode-suppressive soil,
Soybean,
Soybean cyst nematode,
Streptomycin,
Tillage
Related subjects:
Life sciences,
Life sciences, other

© 2019 Weiming Hu, Eyob Kidane, Deborah A. Neher, Senyu Chen, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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