Swine manure application enriches the soil food web in corn and soybean production

Grabau, Zane J.; Bao, Yong; Vetsch, Jeffrey A.; Chen, Senyu

Swine manure application enriches the soil food web in corn and soybean production

Journal of Nematology

Volume 51 (2019): Issue 1 (January 2019)

By:

Zane J. Grabau, Yong Bao, Jeffrey A. Vetsch and Senyu Chen

Open Access

|Apr 2019

Figures & Tables

Colonizer-persister group 1 bacterivores as affected fertilizer treatments by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites. Fertilizer treatment means with different letters in the same season are significantly different according to Fischer’s protected least significance test at P < 0.05.

Colonizer-persister group 2 bacterivores as affected by fertilizer treatments combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites. Fertilizer treatment means with different letters in the same season are significantly different according to Fischer’s protected least significance test at P < 0.05.

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on Shannon–Weaver Diversity Index by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009							2010
	Vi	^b	V45d		Vm		Vf	Vi		Vm		Vf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	1.97		1.64		1.65		1.84	2.00		2.07		2.11
Res-Sus	1.99		1.71		1.72		1.91	1.96		2.00		2.03
Sus-Sus	2.00		1.61		1.69		1.95	1.89		2.05		2.14
Fertilizer
None	1.98		1.82	a	1.86	a	1.90	1.93	b	2.04	b	2.05
Manure	1.99		1.25	b	1.34	b	1.87	1.88	b	1.97	b	2.09
PK	1.99		1.89	a	1.86	a	1.92	2.03	a	2.11	a	2.14
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	0.17		0.62		0.22		2.95	2.22		1.14		0.99
Site (S) × C	0.46		0.73		0.09		0.05	2.00		2.01		0.00
Fertilizer (F)	0.09		33.91	**	36.37	**	0.77	7.88	**	7.07	**	1.95
S × F	1.66		5.27	**	6.95	**	2.67	1.52		4.16	*	1.91
F × C	0.09		1.88		2.78	*	1.57	3.52	*	1.28		0.77
S × F × C	0.64		0.11		0.60		1.21	1.43		1.26		0.27

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on Channel Index by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009								2010
	Vi	^b	V45d		Vm		Vf		Vi		Vm		Vf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	59		21		21		29		19		20	A	14
Res-Sus	49		18		20		27		13		10	B	12
Sus-Sus	54		18		21		24		13		11	B	11
Fertilizer
None	59		25	a	28	a	29	b	18	a	14		13	ab
Manure	54		5	b	6	b	13	c	10	b	12		10	b
PK	50		27	a	27	a	38	a	16	a	16		15	a
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	2.59		0.44		0.02		0.57		2.36		5.41	*	0.72
Site (S) × C	0.84		0.02		0.04		2.42		0.17		0.52		0.28
Fertilizer (F)	2.33		28.51	**	32.27	**	29.96	**	13.63	**	1.46		4.20	*
S × F	2.14		1.25		3.21	*	7.63	**	0.08		0.00		0.48
F × C	2.79	*	2.19		0.44		0.31		2.35		0.30		0.22
S × F × C	1.53		1.26		0.46		1.30		0.37		0.49		0.38

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on Enrichment Index by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009							2010
	Vi	^b	V45d		Vm		Vf		Vi		Vm		Vf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	40	B	75		75		67		74		77		82
Res-Sus	45	A	75		77		65		77		84		82
Sus-Sus	39	B	75		75		66		75		81		81
Fertilizer
None	40		69	b	75	b	62	b	72	b	80	b	81	b
Manure	41		91	a	95	a	79	a	81	a	84	a	85	a
PK	43		64	b	72	b	56	c	74	b	78	b	79	b
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	5.45	*	0.02		0.09		0.13		0.51		3.48		0.58
Site (S) × C	0.29		0.24		0.08		2.44		0.50		0.28		0.17
Fertilizer (F)	1.20		56.47	**	60.59	**	32.64	**	8.66	**	5.64	**	4.80	*
S × F	3.38	*	1.24		0.49		0.74		0.01		0.53		1.32
F × C	1.70		2.37		2.67	*	1.44		0.97		0.31		0.64
S × F × C	1.61		0.88		2.24		2.16		0.94		0.85		0.23

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on herbivore abundances by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009							2010
	Pi	^b	P45d		Pm		Pf	Pi		Pm	Pf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	1,173		1,050		274	B	520	580	B	737	1,256	A
Res-Sus	1,203		1,225		280	B	470	510	B	668	850	B
Sus-Sus	1,186		1,265		361	A	604	783	A	710	728	B
Fertilizer
None	1,193	ab	1,180	a	306		623	614		770	1,128	a
Manure	1,024	b	958	b	299		478	628		655	848	b
PK	1,345	ab	1,401	a	309		493	632		690	859	b
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	0.36		0.95		4.54	*	2.74	10.98	**	0.08	8.05	**
Site (S) × C	1.18		0.18		0.37		1.31	5.65	*	0.11	0.54
Fertilizer (F)	3.87	*	9.02	**	0.16		1.68	0.05		0.29	3.39	*
S × F	2.83		5.44	**	1.18		0.11	2.37		0.10	0.64
F × C	0.45		0.75		4.23	**	0.93	0.51		1.40	0.72
S × F × C	0.87		0.34		0.31		1.11	0.58		0.39	0.07

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on FBPP (fungivores plus bacterivores divided by herbivores) by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009								2010
	Vi	^b	V45d		Vm		Vf		Vi		Vm		Vf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	1.8		6.6		5.1	A	1.3	B	1.6	B	1.7	A	1.3	B
Res-Sus	1.6		3.7		3.9	AB	2.9	A	2.6	A	1.8	A	1.8	A
Sus-Sus	1.6		9.7		2.7	B	1.3	B	1.2	B	1.4	B	1.8	A
Fertilizer
None	1.8		2.6	b	2.4	b	1.5	b	1.5	b	1.5		1.4	b
Manure	1.8		15.2	a	7.2	a	2.3	a	2.4	a	1.9		1.9	a
PK	1.5		2.1	b	2.2	b	1.7	ab	1.5	b	1.5		1.6	ab
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	0.81		1.17		7.77	**	11.53	**	10.73	**	3.79	*	4.40	*
Site (S) × C	0.91		1.06		4.58	*	3.62		1.36		0.14		0.90
Fertilizer (F)	2.04		7.28	**	32.70	**	3.39	*	15.66	**	2.83		5.05	*
S × F	0.46		4.53	*	9.71	**	0.30		2.51		1.80		1.60
F × C	0.28		1.51		1.86		0.83		1.82		0.63		0.78
S × F × C	0.22		1.28		1.15		0.86		0.51		0.59		0.75

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on fungivore abundances by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009							2010
	Pi	^b	P45d	Pm		Pf		Pi	Pm		Pf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	582		904	168		143	B	208	371	A	349	A
Res-Sus	513		653	145		286	A	238	241	B	285	AB
Sus-Sus	503		665	126		197	AB	188	207	B	245	B
Fertilizer
None	553		782	151	ab	210		199	252		293
Manure	513		611	163	a	190		237	303		291
PK	531		829	125	b	226		199	265		293
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	1.06		1.87	2.68		3.85	*	2.61	6.21	*	8.43	**
Site (S) × C	2.07		0.96	0.72		0.32		3.59	0.33		0.20
Fertilizer (F)	0.59		2.10	3.78	*	0.05		2.24	0.21		0.68
S × F	1.14		2.04	0.01		1.05		2.64	1.83		2.66
F × C	2.31		0.25	0.88		1.39		2.47	1.81		1.33
S × F × C	1.87		0.64	0.69		0.32		1.44	1.29		1.22

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on bacterivore abundances by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

	2009								2010
	Pi	^b	P45d		Pm		Pf		Pi		Pm		Pf
Crop sequence ^c
Corn-Sus	1,077		3,056		601		309	C	545	B	743		962
Res-Sus	1,020		2,923		523		732	A	830	A	846		968
Sus-Sus	1,125		3,500		628		525	B	715	AB	698		888
Fertilizer
None	1,070		1,879	b	316	b	453	b	560	b	700	b	916
Manure	1,057		5,716	a	1,198	a	690	a	931	a	887	a	1,053
PK	1,095		1,883	b	237	b	424	b	599	b	700	b	849
ANOVA (F-value)
Crop (C)	0.30		0.11		0.49		24.39	**	4.83	*	0.70		0.33
Site (S) × C	0.38		0.62		0.72		0.30		2.53		0.31		0.68
Fertilizer (F)	0.34		28.23	**	70.73	**	13.08	**	24.70	**	3.72	*	2.32
S × F	1.92		0.85		0.15		0.30		1.01		1.48		0.17
F × C	0.64		1.42		2.34		2.44		2.55		0.35		1.52
S × F × C	3.62	*	0.52		0.47		0.52		1.06		0.84		0.35

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-014 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X

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Language: English

Page range: 1 - 14

Submitted on: Aug 17, 2018

Published on: Apr 15, 2019

Published by: Society of Nematologists, Inc.

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 1 times per year

Keywords:

Nematode community,

Corn,

Soybean,

Related subjects:

© 2019 Zane J. Grabau, Yong Bao, Jeffrey A. Vetsch, Senyu Chen, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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Swine manure application enriches the soil food web in corn and soybean production

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on Shannon–Weaver Diversity Index by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on Channel Index by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on Enrichment Index by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on herbivore abundances by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on FBPP (fungivores plus bacterivores divided by herbivores) by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on fungivore abundances by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

Effects of crop sequence and fertilizer on bacterivore abundances by sampling date combined across SCN-conducive and suppressive sites_a

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