Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Diagnostic performance of ultrasound across multiple studies
| Study (first author, year) | Sample size (n) | Age group (median/mean age) | Sensitivity (%) [95% CI] | Specificity (%) [95% CI] | Study design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current study (2025) | 13 | 0–14 years (median 2.1 years) | 100 (34.2–100.0) | 63.6 (35.4–84.8) | Retrospective cohort with limited CT verification |
| Huang et al., 2023(13) | 152 | 0–6 years (median 2.9 years) | 91.7 (62.5–100) | 98.6 (94.6–100) | Prospective observational study |
| Dehbozorgi et al., 2021(14) | 168 | 0–14 years (mean 6.4 years) | 81.8 (48.2–97.7) | 100 (97.7–100) | Prospective cohort |
| Parri et al., 2017(15) | 115 | 0–2 years (mean 7.9 months) | 90.9 (82.9–96.0) | 85.2 (66.3–95.8) | Prospective study |
| Rabiner et al., 2013(16) | 69 | 0–21 years (mean 6.4 years) | 88 (53–98) | 97 (89–99) | Prospective study |