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The Characteristics of Tropical Nights in Poland in Years 1951–2024 Cover

The Characteristics of Tropical Nights in Poland in Years 1951–2024

Open Access
|Jul 2025

Figures & Tables

Fig. 1.

The study area with the analysed synoptic stations marked.
The study area with the analysed synoptic stations marked.

Fig. 2.

Sum of tropical nights (TNs): A – for the entire period 1951–2024; B – for individual decades (1951–2020) and years 2021–2024.
Sum of tropical nights (TNs): A – for the entire period 1951–2024; B – for individual decades (1951–2020) and years 2021–2024.

Fig. 3.

Distribution of tropical nights (TNs) in individual years. Stations are arranged in the west-east direction.
Distribution of tropical nights (TNs) in individual years. Stations are arranged in the west-east direction.

Fig. 4.

Number of days between the occurrence of the first and last tropical night (TN) in particular years in the analysed area.
Number of days between the occurrence of the first and last tropical night (TN) in particular years in the analysed area.

Fig. 5.

Time range of the occurrence of tropical nights (TNs) in individual years, together with the number of stations at which tropical nights occurred simultaneously.
Time range of the occurrence of tropical nights (TNs) in individual years, together with the number of stations at which tropical nights occurred simultaneously.

Fig. 6.

Number of days, total number of tropical nights (TNs), and number of cities where tropical nights (TNs) occurred in individual years.
Number of days, total number of tropical nights (TNs), and number of cities where tropical nights (TNs) occurred in individual years.

Fig. 7.

Location of synoptic stations relative to city centres. The figure was made based on maps from website: klimat.imgw.pl/pl/meta-dane/.
Location of synoptic stations relative to city centres. The figure was made based on maps from website: klimat.imgw.pl/pl/meta-dane/.

Basic parameters of the analysed research stations which are arranged in the west-east direction; TN – tropical night_

StationLongitudeLatitudeAltitude [m a.s.l.]TN/10 years growth
Szczecin14°37'22"53°23'43"10.12
Gorzów Wielkopolski15°16'38"52°44'28"710.50
Zielona Góra15°31'28"51°55'49"1920.51
Poznań16°50'09"52°25'02"880.46
Wrocław16°54'00"51°06'12"1200.25
Opole17°58'08"50°37'37"1630.30
Gdańsk18°29'12"54°22'16"70.41
Toruń18°35'43"53°02'31"690.32
Katowice19°01'58"50°14'26"2780.08
Łódź19°23'59"51°43'24"1740.06
Kraków19°48'07"50°04'49"2360.00
Olsztyn20°25'22"53°46'16"1330.06
Kielce20°41'32"50°48'37"2600.03
Warszawa20°57'40"52°09'46"1060.42
Rzeszów22°02'32"50°06'39"2060.34
Lublin22°23'37"51°13'01"2380.02
Białystok23°09'44"53°06'26"1480.11

Tropical nights (TNs) divided by month in individual decades (1951–2020) and years 2021–2024_

DecadeMonth
MayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberSum
1951–196004185027
1961–1970041116031
1971–1980031510028
1981–1990133313050
1991–2000093845092
2001–2010110117250153
2011–20200458611611258
2021–202403562474148
Sum211338027715787
Percentage0.2514.3648.2835.201.91100

Duration of tropical nights in stations which are arranged in the west-east direction_

StationDuration
1 day2 days3 days4 days5 days6 days7 days8 days9 daysNumber of periodsTotal days
Szczecin44 1 4547
Gorzów Wielkopolski45102 5771
Zielona Góra7720712 1108161
Poznań50101 6173
Wrocław331 3435
Opole374 4145
Gdańsk3010311 1 4675
Toruń4162 4959
Katowice19 1919
Łódź303 3336
Kraków111 1213
Olsztyn203 2326
kielce9 99
Warszawa4163 5062
Rzeszów273 3033
Lublin15 1515
Białystok8 88
Sum5377719230101640787

Tropical nights divided by month at individual synoptic stations_

StationMonth
MayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberSum
Szczecin052416247
Gorzów Wielkopolski0103425271
Zielona Góra12673592161
Poznań0133424273
Wrocław061315135
Opole042316245
Gdańsk013836075
Toruń0142320259
Katowice04105019
Łódź042012036
Kraków0274013
Olsztyn15136126
Kielce033309
Warszawa0103121062
Rzeszów03218133
Lublin0276015
Białystok016108
Sum211338027715787
Percentage0.2514.3648.2835.201.91100.00
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2025-0023 | Journal eISSN: 2081-6383 | Journal ISSN: 2082-2103
Language: English
Page range: 21 - 33
Submitted on: Feb 6, 2025
Published on: Jul 25, 2025
Published by: Adam Mickiewicz University
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 times per year
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© 2025 Michał Fojutowski, published by Adam Mickiewicz University
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.