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        <title>Quaestiones Geographicae Feed</title>
        <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/QUAGEO</link>
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            <title>Quaestiones Geographicae Feed</title>
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            <link>https://sciendo.com/journal/QUAGEO</link>
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        <copyright>All rights reserved 2026, Adam Mickiewicz University</copyright>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Spatial Variability of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Irrigated Agricultural Soils of Beni Moussa Sub-Perimeter, Tadla, Morocco]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0001</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0001</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is a fundamental soil property influencing water flow and quality. While previous research primarily focused on small-scale spatial variability, this study assesses Ks distribution across a larger area within an irrigated perimeter. We aimed to determine the spatial distribution of Ks in the Beni Moussa irrigated perimeter (Morocco) using field measurements combined with geostatistical analysis. Seventy soil samples were collected from different soil units, and Ks was measured in situ using a single-ring infiltrometer. Samples were analysed for physicochemical properties, including texture, organic carbon (OC), organic matter (OM), porosity, bulk density (BD), CaCO3, and water content (WC). Statistical analysis examined correlations between these parameters. Spatial variability was assessed using semi-variograms, and spatial distribution was modelled via kriging interpolation. Results reveal significant spatial heterogeneity, with Ks values ranging from 32 to 680 mm · h−1. High Ks values were associated with sandy textures, while lower values correlated with clay-rich soils. Additionally, electrical conductivity (EC) and pH influenced infiltration capacity, highlighting soil physicochemical impacts on water movement. Spatial distribution showed higher Ks values (>300 mm · h−1) in the northeastern part and lower values in the southwest, corresponding to sand content. Sandy soils promote excessive drainage, limiting crop growth. These findings underscore the importance of optimising water management in semi-arid agricultural regions where resource conservation is critical due to climate change and human activities.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Pollution Indices as Tools for Evaluation of the Accumulation and Military Activities on the Molotov Line During WWII Still Detectable in the Chemical Record of Soils in Roztocze (Se Poland)]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0002</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0002</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This paper aimed to investigate the extent of trace metal (TM) contamination of soils in areas adjacent to the bunkers of the Molotov Line in Poland and to assess reclamation activities on the extent of TM contamination of soils. The Molotov Line is a zone of Soviet fortifications constructed in 1940–41. Surface (0–20 cm) and subsurface (20–40 cm) soil samples were collected at four transects and distances from the bunkers. TMs (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Bi), pH, texture, TOC, HA, base exchange capacity (BEC) and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) were determined in the investigated soils. Several indicators of contamination were used to analyse the degree of contamination: Igeo, pollutionload index (PLI), pollution index (PI), CD, RI and top-bottom (TB) index. The conducted research has revealed that soils subjected to military pressure exhibit different properties from natural soils. The TM content in the 0–20 cm soil layers was higher than in the subsurface layers and several times higher than the geochemical background. This indicates that despite remediation efforts (ploughing and afforestation), there exists a clear geochemical record of military activities along the Molotov Line. Thanks to the contamination indices used in this study, it was found that soils affected by the past wartime activities may pose a real threat to health. The regularities presented in this study can provide a basis for action regarding the direction of remediation activities for areas with sensitive uses, such as military training grounds. The results presented here allow us to conclude that despite the remediation activities undertaken, there is a clear geochemical record of military activities on the Molotov Line.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Geomorphological and Sedimentological Evidence of Late Pleistocene Glaciation in the Babia Góra Massif (Western Flysch Carpathians, Poland)]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0003</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0003</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The legacy of Pleistocene glaciation in the Babia Góra massif (1725 m a.s.l.) has been the subject of vigorous debate for over a century. These controversies have been largely influenced by the poor preservation of glacial landforms and their extensive overprint by rock slope failures (RSFs). In this context, geomorphological criteria alone have proven insufficient for a comprehensive interpretation of glacial features in flysch lithology, which has been heavily shaped by landslides. In this study, we present the results of field and LiDAR-supported geomorphological mapping, clast morphology analysis and micromorphological examination of sand-sized quartz grains. This multiproxy approach, when combined with previously published Schmidt-hammer data, provides robust evidence for the presence of glaciation in the Babia Góra massif. The Late Pleistocene palaeoglacier (area 0.87 km2, 2.2 km long) was reconstructed in the headwaters of the Szumiąca Woda valley. Mapped latero-frontal moraines mark the extent of the glacier front at 930 m a.s.l. The glacier equilibrium line altitude (ELA) calculated from glacier hypsometry with the area altitude balance ratio (AABR) 1.6 was 1272 m. However, after accounting for the topographic effect of additional snow accumulation, the climatic ELA was recalculated and placed at 1354 m a.s.l. These findings suggest that, in addition to the previously known eastward horizontal gradient of ELA rise, a southward trend of rising ELA was also observed across the Western Carpathians.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Island Lakes in Poland and Their Legal Protection]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0005</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0005</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The purpose of this study is to pioneer the inventory lake islands using topographic maps and orthophotomaps. Additionally, for the first time, an attempt was made to determine what percentage of lake islands in Poland are covered under the legal system of nature protection. A significant percentage of islands under legal protection indicates their enormous importance for geobiodiversity. An analysis of topographic maps edited around 1975 showed a total of 1115 islands, including 541 in the Masurian Lake District, 410 in the Pomeranian Lake District and 164 in the Greater Poland and Kuyavian Lake Districts. They are located on 556 lakes. The total area of all the islands is 2395.8 ha. The highest number of islands is on Mamry (35 islands). The largest island is Ostrów (99.5 ha) on Jeziorak. Whereas the analysis of orthophotomaps from 2010 to 2011 showed that there are also 1115 islands on 550 lakes, with a total area of 2161.57 ha. Differences in the results obtained between data from topographic maps and orthophotomaps may result, for example, from the damming of lake surfaces, from the transformation of islands into peninsulas, from the merger or division of islands, etc. According to the orthophotomaps, the largest island is Wielimska (94.6 ha) on Wielimie. Mamry has the largest number of islands (32). Out of the 1115 islands identified on topographic maps, 963 (86.4%) are legally protected, covering a total area of almost 2309 ha. Surprisingly, this accounts for as much as 96.4% of the area of all islands.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Hydrodynamic And Hydrochemical Conditions In The Hyporheic Zone Of A Heavily Anthropogenically Transformed River In The Konstantynów łódzki Area (Poland)]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0007</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0007</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The historical Ner River, receiving sewage for 150 years, has undergone significant hydrochemical changes. Natural hydrological conditions have also been substantially altered due to increased flood dynamics resulting from inflows from the sewered catchment area, which covers a significant portion of the Łódź agglomeration. Research conducted on the Ner River in the Konstantynów Łódzki area aimed to characterise the current hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions within the river valley, specifically focussing on its hyporheic zone (HZ). This study was conducted across three research profiles located approximately 5 km downstream from the discharge point of treated sewage from the Group Wastewater Treatment Plant in Łódź. Hydraulic conductivity measurements of riverbed formations indicate moderate to high permeability, facilitating substantial exchange between river water and groundwater due to the large morphological river bottom features. This was supported by vertical hydraulic gradient measurements, indicating predominant groundwater discharge within the profiles. Water samples collected from the riverbed exhibited diverse physicochemical features and chemical compositions. Metal content in the riverbed sediments of the Ner River decreased with increasing distance from the sewage discharge point. The HZ demonstrates the capability to mitigate natural disturbances, process nutrients and stabilise metals. Nevertheless, anthropogenic pressures disrupt the natural hydrological regime, chemical activities and biological processes. The study underscores the necessity of correlating chemical composition results with model estimates of upwelling or downwelling volumes for a comprehensive understanding of hydrochemical changes within heavily anthropogenically transformed river HZs. Furthermore, this correlation facilitates a reliable evaluation of hydrochemical variations within the HZ.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Geodiversity Assessment of Shkodra Municipality, Albania]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0006</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0006</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The objective of this paper is to present a quantitative assessment of geodiversity for Shkodra Municipality, which is located in north-western Albania and comprises an area of 953.64 km2. It is one of the richest geosites in Albania, with Lake Shkodra being the largest lake in the Balkan Peninsula, situated along the Adriatic Sea shore and extending up to the Albanian Alps. The municipality’s favourable geographical positioning and climatic conditions offer numerous benefits for expanding diverse forms of tourism, particularly geotourism activities, which allow visitors to engage with the peculiar geological features of the municipality. The cultural heritage of the municipality, with the ancient Rozafa Castle at its heart, is a key factor in its appeal as a tourist destination. This assessment represents the first research that demonstrates the complex diversity of the geoscientific features of Shkodra Municipality. Geodiversity was calculated based on the geological, palaeontological, soil, mineral occurrences, and morphological diversity of the area using published maps and geodatabases. It was found that two-thirds of the municipality is classified as medium or high geodiversity, and 10% as very high geodiversity. Four main hotspots of very high geodiversity were identified, allowing a concentrated presentation of the geological heritage and enhancing visitors’ understanding of the area. Shkodra’s geodiversity is vital for promoting geotourism and for reflecting the cultural and historical background of the municipality. This study also contributes to the knowledge of the geological and geomorphological features and promotes geoconservation.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Identification of Remnants of World War II Air Campaign For Spatial Management Using Geophysical Methods (KoŹle Basin, Southern Poland)]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0004</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0004</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Undiscovered military explosives pose a social and environmental burden in every war-affected country. Until recently, the methods and techniques for detecting such ordnance were limited, leaving areas vulnerable to possible fatal accidents and consecutive environmental pollution. To avoid such consequences, effective detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO) is necessary, especially in areas with intensive economic activity. This study aims to develop a viable solution for UXO detection by utilizing a range of currently available methods in various environmental conditions. Such conditions were met in the study area of the Koźle Basin (Poland, Central Europe), which was affected by massive Allied strategic bombing in 1944. It is estimated that the area contains 4,000 to 6,000 pieces of UXO. In addition, the study area has diverse environmental conditions, including dry, wet, and swampy areas, as well as various types of land cover. During the two years, the respective study sites were explored using ground penetrating radar, proton magnetometry, magnetic anomaly detection, electrical conductometry, and electrical resistivity tomography. Based on the field surveys and data analysis, we conclude that the use of conductivity meters that can be easily operated on site (especially the CMD-Explorer, which indicates the depth range of potential UXBs in addition to their location on the map) yielded very good results. The ground penetrometer radar (GPR) and the electrical resistivity method were found to be more demanding at the stage of the measurement preparation phase, both proved to be effective. The ferromagnetic characteristics of the finds were confirmed with a proton magnetometer, which was also used for preliminary field prospecting.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Potential of Landscape Metrics for Estimating Forest Fire Risk in Poland]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0010</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0010</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Although forest fires are widely studied, few studies focus on the relationship between forest landscape structure and fire events. This paper examines the significance of differences in landscape metrics between buffer zones surrounding fires and buffer zones surrounding randomly selected points. The objective of this comparison was to determine whether landscape characteristics are factors that may contribute to the occurrence of fires. The analysis was based on fires in 2015 in the Lubelskie Voivodeship, eastern Poland. Statistical evaluation involved the Ljung–Box test and the Mann–Whitney U test. The results indicate that areas surrounding the places of fire occurrences exhibit greater fragmentation compared with the control groups, as reflected by smaller, more numerous and more irregularly shaped forest patches. While landscape-level analysis provides a broad overview, the class-level analysis helps to pinpoint which forest types and developmental stages are susceptible to these effects. These findings underscore the potential significance of forest structure in shaping fire risk in Poland.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Preliminary Forest Tree Species Classification in Northern Provinces of Mongolia Using Sentinel-2 and Machine Learning Approach]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0009</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0009</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This research addresses the need for precise, wide-scale monitoring of Mongolia’s boreal forests, as a part of a critical ecosystem that stores nearly 30% of global terrestrial carbon. Covering approximately 7.37 Mha in Mongolia, these forests form the southern fringe of the Siberian taiga and are increasingly affected by wildfires (95.9% of total forest losses) and logging (2.5% of losses) since 2000. The study focuses on Selenge, Darkhan-Uul and Tuv provinces located in northern Mongolia, where traditional forest inventory methods do not work well due to the extensive and difficult or inaccessible terrain. To overcome these challenges and needs of precise forest monitoring, we developed a classification framework using Sentinel-2 (European Space Agency [ESA]) multi-temporal satellite imageries (period 2020–2024), acquiring key phenological stages. We applied a random forest (RF) algorithm to classify five dominant tree species, that is, Siberian pine (SBP) (Pinus sibirica Ledeb.), Scotch pine (SP) (Pinus sylvestris L.), Siberian Larch (SBL) (Larix sibirica Ledeb.), Siberian spruce (SBS) (Picea obovata Ledeb.) and Manchurian birch (MB) (Betula platyphylla Sukaczev), forming the forest stand cover. The results of Sentinel-2 imageries processing demonstrate very high classification overall accuracy (OA = 96.19%, κ = 0.949). Compared with existing forest management maps (based on in situ surveys), SBS (P. obovata Ledeb.) area share was underestimated, whereas MB (B. platyphylla) area share was overestimated, indicating observable differences in traditional forest inventories. This Sentinel-2 classification approach offers timely, cost-effective and accurate data tailored to Mongolian conditions, supporting sustainable forest management, conservation, reforestation, afforestation and REDD + programmes (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation).
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Contemporary Polish Geography Through the Lens of a National Congress: Thematic Structure, Interdisciplinarity and Current Research Orientations]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0011</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0011</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

National scientific congresses provide community-defined, time-sensitive material for examining the thematic organisation of academic disciplines. This paper analyses contemporary academic geography in Poland through contributions presented at the Congress of Polish Geography 2025 (Lublin), treating the official programme and published abstracts as a structured empirical corpus. A multi-level analytical framework combining programme-based classification with qualitative thematic coding is used to identify dominant research domains, cross-cutting themes and patterns of integration. The results indicate a diversified yet internally coherent disciplinary structure in which interdisciplinarity is selective and organised around methodological and problem-oriented interfaces that help maintain thematic coherence.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Delimitation of Hydrotopes Using the Example of the Polish Tatra Mountains and The Southern Part of Podhale]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0008</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2026-0008</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This study aimed to identify the dominant types of water circulation in the Polish Tatra Mountains and the southern part of Podhale. Using a deductive method, individual hydrotopes were separated and combined into 15 real hydrotope types. Their spatial differentiation refers to the distribution of elements of the natural environment. Infiltration type patches were characterised by a meridional course and runoff type patches in the southern part of the Tatra Mountains and the predominant part of Podhale were found to exhibit a meridional or latitudinal course. The dominant type in the study area is the evapotranspiration type.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Shopping Tourism Amongst Czech Customers in the Czech-Polish-German Border Area of the Euroregion Neisse-Nisa-Nysa]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0035</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0035</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The concept of cross-border shopping tourism covers customer behaviour when purchasing goods in a neighbouring country. The reasons for this behaviour can be varied and most often include a difference in the prices, range or quality of goods. In recent years, cross-border shopping tourism has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes in customer behaviour led to the main objective of the paper: to identify cross-border shopping tourism amongst Czech customers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in the Euroregion Nisa. The research focused on the tri-border area among the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland, which falls within the Euroregion Nisa. The methodology is based on a primary survey of 1028 respondents. The results show significant changes in the frequency and motivation of purchases, with the COVID-19 pandemic playing a key role in the reassessment of customer priorities. It has been found that the main factors influencing shopping tourism in Poland are price differences, whereas in Germany, it is the quality of goods and the difference in the range on offer. In contrast to other European countries, cross-border shopping by Czech customers increased by around 30% after the pandemic. The article provides comprehensive information on the structure of purchases and motives for shopping. The results can be useful for traders in the region but also for policymakers in the border regions. The paper also provides interesting unequivocal results portraying behavioural changes amongst Czech customers.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[How Does Understanding Stress Response Mechanisms in Inhabitants Help Us Build a Resilient City?]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0038</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0038</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Long-lasting (chronic) stress leads to many adverse effects in living organisms. In this study, the city is perceived as an organism. Thus, the recognition of physiological mechanisms of stress response and coping with it in an organism will help identify and develop similar defence mechanisms in urban organisms. This study proposes a multidisciplinary approach and is aimed at applying the stress response mechanisms of living organisms to cities in order to build stress resilience in case of threat. The long-term impact assessment effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions and lockdowns introduced are of particular interest. In the review, we present a theoretical, multidisciplinary approach to building a stress-resilient city suitable for academics and a global audience, and propose concrete strategies for city policymakers to cope with stressors at the level of its inhabitants as well as regulations and management. Mitigation, re-construction, and new urban governance have been recognised as such strategies and likened to short- and long-term stress responses of living organisms. Thus, we have offered policymakers a solution for building a resilient city. A novel model of environmental governance, propositions of intervention, and recommendations have been created that could be used by local city authorities to rebuild citizens’ resilience in post-pandemic times.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Export Performance Cluster Analysis of Poland’s Regions in the First 20 Years of EU Membership]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0040</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0040</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

This paper analyses the evolution of Poland’s foreign trade (FT) at the regional (NUTS-2) level during the country’s first 20 years of European Union (EU) membership. The goal is to uncover region-specific export dynamics and structural adjustments that are often masked by national-level aggregates. We focus on export quality and structure, intra-industry trade (IIT) intensity, and the role of foreign-owned entities (FOEs). A novel contribution lies in our application of cluster analysis to dynamic export changes over time, rather than to static cross-sectional levels typically used in the literature. Using Ward’s agglomerative method, we identify six distinct regional clusters that capture heterogeneous trajectories of export transformation. While EU membership fostered expansion into the EU single market, it also served as a catalyst for diversification into non-EU markets, revealing Poland’s increasing global trade competitiveness. This approach reveals a strong degree of regional idiosyncrasy despite increasing national openness and EU integration. Our findings provide new insights for policymakers seeking to design regionally differentiated export support strategies.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Between Cooperation and Individual Action: Relational Capital of Poland’s Local Government]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0037</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0037</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Relational capital is a commonly used concept in spatial economics, yet it remains poorly researched, particularly within the context of territorial development. This article aims to innovate, operationalise and quantify the relational capital of local government units. It allows for the analysis of intensity and spatial differences in relational capital, creates a ranking of local governments and evaluates external and internal cooperation relations. It considers four dimensions of relations: international cooperation between twin cities, membership in national and international local government organisations, inter-municipal cooperation and cooperation with NGOs. Questionnaire surveys carried out in local government units were used as a principal research method, which provided the basis for the development of the synthetic measure of relational capital intensity. The research revealed a low level of local government relational capital in Poland and its spatial heterogeneity across all dimensions of relations. It showed a clear domination of internal cooperation relations over external ones.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Nature-Based Preschool Gardens for Thermal Condition Regulation: Implications for Climate-Sensitive Policy and Planning]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0042</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0042</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Cities are places with concentrations of people and the effects of their activities, which are particularly exposed to the impacts of climate change. In this respect, one of the challenges for planners and decision-makers is urban heat mitigation regarding the higher intensity of heat islands and heat waves. Shaping urban tissue is fundamental in ensuring thermal comfort for city dwellers. Particular attention should be paid to children as they are more vulnerable to thermal stress. Hence, the study aims to enhance climate-sensitive urban planning and policy by providing evidence on the impact of green infrastructure (GI) and small-scale nature-based solutions (NBSs) such as preschool gardens (PGs) in urban heat mitigation in Poznań, Poland. In addition to recognising the thermal conditions of PGs, we investigated their thermal impact on the surrounding areas. We also analysed preschoolers’ exposure to urban heat during their stay in PGs. The study employed Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing data from Landsat 8 to generate the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and surface temperature rasters. The results reveal that the thermal impact of PGs depends on their size, NDVI and the tree canopy cover (TCC) of both PGs and their surroundings. PGs are valuable areas that regulate thermal conditions in the city. We recommend optimising PGs into more nature-oriented spaces (NDVI > 0.3) that might play the additional role of site-scale cooling shelters. The universal methodology developed and adopted in the study allows for scaling the research to other cities in the temperate climate zone.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Adaptive Resilience: Functioning of Schools in the Wielkopolska Region (Poland) During the Covid-19 Pandemic]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0044</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0044</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The main aim of the article is to determine the degree of adaptive resilience of the school education system to the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, both on the scale of a selected region, the Wielkopolska region in Poland, and a subregional scale, by poviats (counties). The school education system is one of the region’s social system spheres. The resilience study uses the results of a survey conducted among students, the most important stakeholders of this system. The selection of indicators to measure resilience was based on assessing adaptive actions that determine effective participation in online lessons. The results show a high level of students’ adaptation to the implementation of online classes on a regional scale and quite significant variation on a subregional scale. The article also formulates the assumptions of the adaptive resilience concept of the school education system in relation to the regional resilience concepts established in the literature. The presented concept of analysing the adaptive resilience of the education system assumes ex-post research, which is related to empirical research conducted after the outbreak of the pandemic and after schools had taken adaptive measures.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Availability of Green Areas in the Context of the 3-30-300 Rule: The Case Study of Wolsztyn City]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0036</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0036</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

Current recommendations for shaping greenery in the city refer to the 3-30-300 rule, i.e. providing residents of a residential building with a view of trees, direct proximity to greenery at the place of residence and pedestrian access to a high-quality public park or other area. Many cities implement this rule as part of local greening programmes. The authors analyse the structure of green areas in the city of Wolsztyn, assessing it in the context of the 3-30-300 rule. As a result, they identify areas requiring better access to greenery and propose specific actions to increase the availability of greenery within the city. The recommendations formulated can improve residents’ quality of life and the urban environment.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Subscription Vacations. The Subscription Economy in the Tourism Market: The Case Study of Poland]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0043</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0043</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The purpose of the article is to identify the scale of application of subscription models in the tourism market in Poland and to analyse experiences of Polish consumers using this model. The study was based on a literature review, case studies, and an online Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) survey among 350 respondents, 190 of whom used travel subscriptions. Guided by three research questions and two hypotheses, the analysis focused on the prevalence of travel subscriptions, the perceived benefits, and the influence of socio-demographic factors. The results have confirmed that booking platforms (33.1%) and accommodation (27%) are the most frequently used subscriptions, and that discounts (64.3%) and booking flexibility (44.1%) are key benefits, while personalisation and exclusivity play a secondary role. Age and income were found to significantly differentiate subscription usage and preferences, thus partially confirming the hypotheses. These findings provide practical recommendations for tourism companies on how to design, segment, and implement subscription models, which can help stabilise revenues and address the seasonality of tourism demand.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Exploring New Barriers to the Implementation of Frugal Innovation Projects Among Spanish Ngdos]]></title>
            <link>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0041</link>
            <guid>https://sciendo.com/article/10.14746/quageo-2025-0041</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <description><![CDATA[

The concept of frugal innovation has attracted significant academic interest over the last decade, but its diffusion among non-governmental organisations (NGOs) with technology transfer programmes in the Global South has been insufficiently examined. This is despite the intuitive benefits these organisations could derive from simplicity, cost reduction and a human-centred approach related to frugal innovations. This research addresses that gap through a multiple-case study of innovation projects implemented by a Spanish NGO across three Latin American countries: Bolivia, Honduras, and Peru. The study first assesses the degree of frugality in these projects and subsequently focuses on the dissemination of frugal innovations, as well as the challenges encountered during project implementation in the field. Our findings indicate that core frugal attributes, such as simplicity and a human-centred approach, face fewer implementation hurdles and tend to facilitate project success. Nevertheless, the results reveal a mismatch between the envisioned ex ante frugality levels and those observed ex post in interviews with end-users and other agents after implementation. This research identifies the frugal innovation characteristics that contribute to improved project management and implementation success, as well as the implementation barriers that persist or emerge unexpectedly during the diffusion of frugal innovation. These include institutional misalignments, limited local ownership, and insufficient consideration of end-user practices.
]]></description>
            <category>ARTICLE</category>
        </item>
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