The Characteristics of Tropical Nights in Poland in Years 1951–2024

Quaestiones Geographicae

Volume 44 (2025): Issue 3 (September 2025)

By:

Michał Fojutowski

Open Access

|Jul 2025

References

Alexander L.V., Zhang X., Peterson T.C., Caesar J., Gleason B., Klein Tank A., Haylock M., Collins D., Trewin B., Rahimzadeh F., 2006. Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 111 (D5), D05109. DOI 10.1029/2005JD006290.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ballester J., Rodó X., Giorgi F., 2010. Future changes in Central Europe heat waves expected to mostly follow summer mean warming. Climate Dynamics 35: 1191–1205. DOI 10.1007/s00382-009-0641-5.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bartoszek K., Węgrzyn A., Sienkiewicz, E., 2014. Częstość występowania i uwarunkowania cyrkulacyjne nocy ciepłych, bardzo ciepłych oraz gorących w okolicach Lublina i Nałęczowa. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska, 23.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bielec-Bąkowska Z., Piotrowicz K., 2013. Temperatury ekstremalne w Polsce w latach 1951-2006. Prace Geograficzne 132: 59–98. DOI 10.4467/20833113PG.13.004.1094.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Błażejczyk K., Kuchcik M., Milewski P., Dudek W., Kręcisz B., Błażejczyk A., Szmyd J., Degórska B., Pałczyński C.M., 2014. Miejska wyspa ciepła w Warszawie: uwarunkowania klimatyczne i urbanistyczne. Wydawnictwo Akademickie SEDNo Spółka z o.o., Warszawa, Polska.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chapman S., Watson J.E., Salazar A., Thatcher M., Mcalpine C.A., 2017. The impact of urbanization and climate change on urban temperatures: A systematic review. Landscape Ecology 32: 1921–1935. DOI 10.1007/s10980-017-0561-4.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chełchowski W., 1963. Rzadki przypadek nocy gorącej („tropikalnej”) w Polsce. Gazeta obserwatora IMGW 8: 3–5.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chełchowski W., 1967. Jeszcze o nocach gorących w Polsce. Gaz. obserwatora I M G W 9: 3–6.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chełchowski W., 1968. Tropennächte nördlich der Sudeten und Karpaten. Wetter und Leben 7–8.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Correa J., Dorta P., López-Díez A., Díaz-Pacheco J., 2024. Analysis of tropical nights in Spain (1970–2023): Minimum temperatures as an indicator of climate change. International Journal of Climatology 44 (9): 3006-3027. DOI10.1002/joc.8510.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Correa J., López-Díez A., Dorta P., Díaz-Pacheco J., 2025. Evolution of warm nights in the Canary Islands (1950– 2023): Evidence for climate change in the Southeastern North Atlantic. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 156: 1–23. DOI 10.1007/s00704-024-05290-1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cuadrat J.M., Serrano-Notivoli R., Prohom M., Cunillera J., Tejedor E., Saz M.Á, De Luis M., Llabrés-Brustenga A., Soubeyroux J.-M., 2024. Climate of the Pyrenees: Extremes indices and long-term trends. Science of the Total Environment 933: 173052. DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173052.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Davy R., Esau I., Chernokulsky A., Outten S., Zilitinkevich S., 2017. Diurnal asymmetry to the observed global warming. International Journal of Climatology 37: 79–93. DOI 10.1002/joc.4688.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dong B., Sutton R.T., Shaffrey L., 2017. understanding the rapid summer warming and changes in temperature extremes since the mid-1990s over Western Europe. Climate Dynamics 48: 1537–1554. DOI 10.1007/s00382-016-3158-8.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Elizbarashvili M., Elizbarashvili E., Kutaladze N., Elizbarashvili S., Maisuradze R., Eradze T., Jamaspashvili N., Gogia N., 2017. Climatology and historical trends in tropical nights over the Georgian Territory. Earth Science 6: 23–30. DOI 10.11648/j.earth.s.2017060501.14.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Fischer E.M., Schär C., 2010. Consistent geographical patterns of changes in high-impact European heatwaves. Nature Geoscience 3: 398–403. DOI 10.1038/ngeo866.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
González J.C., Díez A.L., Antequera P.J.D., Raya N.M. 2023. Las temperaturas nocturnas como indicador del cambio climático en Canarias. Geografía: cambios, retos y adaptación: libro de actas. XVIII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Geografía, Logroño, 12 al 14 de septiembre de 2023. Asociación Española de Geografía: 61–68. DOI10.21138/CG/2023.lc.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Graczyk D., Pińskwar I., kundzewicz Z.W., hov Ø, Førland E.J., Szwed M., Choryński A., 2017. The heat goes on – Changes in indices of hot extremes in Poland. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 129: 459–471. DOI 10.1007/s00704-016-1786-x.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gröger M., Dieterich C., Meier H., 2021. Is interactive air sea coupling relevant for simulating the future climate of Europe? Climate Dynamics 56: 491–514. DOI 10.1007/s00382-020-05489-8.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hagen M., Weihs P., 2023. Mortality during heatwaves and tropical nights in Vienna between 1998 and 2022. Atmosphere 14: 1498. DOI 10.3390/atmos14101498.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hajat S., Kovats R.S., Atkinson R.W., Haines A., 2002. Impact of hot temperatures on death in London: A time series approach. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 56: 367–372. DOI 10.1136/jech.56.5.367.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hanf F., Koerper j., Spangehl T., Cubash U., 2012. Shifts of climate zones in multi-model climate change experiments using the Köppen climate classification. Meteorologische Zeitschrift (Berlin) 21 (2): 111-123. DOI 10.1127/09412948/2012/0344.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
IMGW, 2024. klimat Polski 2023. IMGW-PiB, Warszawa, Polska.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, 2013. Climate change and climate variability in Poland. Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, Warsaw.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]: Masson-Delmotte V., Zhai P., Pirani A., Connors S. L., Pean C., Berger S., Caud N., Chen Y., Goldfarb L., Gomis M. I., Huang M., Leitzell K., Lonnoy E., Matthews J. B. R., Maycock T. K., Waterfield T., Yelekci O., Yu R., Zhou B., 2021. Summary for policymakers. In: Climate change 2021: The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the sixth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jaagus J., Rimkus E., Briede A., Sagris V., Aasa A., Kapilovaite J., Sepp M., 2024. Long-term changes in heat wave parameters in the eastern Baltic region. Theoretical and Applied Climatology155 (6): 5053-5068.. DOI 10.1007/s00704-024-04925-7.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jarzyna K., 2012. Zróżnicowanie stresu gorąca na Wyżynie Kieleckiej w czasie fal upałów na początku XXI wieku. Monitoring Środowiska Przyrodniczego 13: 41–50.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Jędruszkiewicz J., Wibig J., 2019. General overview of the potential effect of extreme temperature change on society and economy in Poland in the 21st century. Geofizika 36: 131–152. DOI 10.15233/gfz.2019.36.14.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Klok S., Kornus A., Kornus O., Danylchenko O., Skyba O. 2023. Tropical nights (1976–2019) as an indicator of climate change in Ukraine. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing: 012023. DOI10.1088/1755-1315/1126/1/012023.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kornus A.O., Kornus O.H., Shyshchuk V.D., 2017. Regional issues on road accidents and traffic injury in ukraine. Human Geographies – Journal of Studies and Research in Human Geography 11(2): 197-212. DOI 10.5719/hgeo.2017.112.5.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kossowska-Cezak U., 2010. Występowanie pogody gorącej w Warszawie (1951-2009). Przegląd Geofizyczny 55 (1-2): 61–75.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krzyżewska A., 2015. Szczególnie uciążliwe fale upałów w Lublinie (severe heat waves in Lublin). Przegląd Geofizyczny 60: 207–215.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krzyżewska A., Bartoszek K., Wereski S., 2016. Warunki meteorologiczne w Lublinie podczas wyjątkowo uciążliwej fali upałów z sierpnia 2015 r. Przegląd Geofizyczny 61 (34): 239–249.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kuchcik M., 2006. Defining heat waves-different approaches. Geographia Polonica 79: 47.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Luterbacher J., Werner J.P., Smerdon jJE., Fernández-Donado L., González-Rouco F.j., Barriopedro D., Ljungqvist F.C., Büntgen U., Zorita E., Wagner S., 2016. European summer temperatures since Roman times. Environmental Research Letters 11: 024001. DOI 10.1088/17489326/11/2/024001.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marosz M., Miętus M., Biernacik D., 2023. Features of multiannual air temperature variability in Poland (1951– 2021). Atmosphere 14: 282. DOI 10.3390/atmos14020282.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Michelon T., Magne P., Simon-Delavelle F., 2005. Lessons of the 2003 heat-wave in France and action taken to limit the effects of future heat-waves. In: Kirch W., Menne B., Bertollini R. (eds), Extreme weather events and public health responses. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany: 131-140.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nastos P.T., Matzarakis A., 2008. Human-biometeorological effects on sleep disturbances in Athens, Greece: A preliminary evaluation. Indoor and Built Environment 17: 535–542. DOI 10.1177/1420326X08097706.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Observatory H.K. 2024. Online: https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/cis/statistic/hngtday_statistic.htm(accessed 20 December 2024).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Park T.W., Lee C.G., Chang M., Park D.S.R., 2022. Regional characteristics of hot days and tropical nights in the Honam area, South Korea. Atmospheric Science Letters 23: e1086. DOI 10.1002/asl.1086.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Piotrowicz K., 2007. Wieloletnie zróżnicowanie liczby nocy gorących w Krakowie. in: Piotrowicz K., Twardosz R. (eds), Wahania klimatu w różnych skalach przestrzennych i czasowych. iGiGPU, Kraków: 279-286.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Potemkina T., Potemkin V., 2024. Extreme phenomena in the Lake Baikal basin: Tropical nights and hot days as indicators of climate warming (Eastern Siberia, Russia). Theoretical and Applied Climatology155 (7): 6581-6590.. DOI10.1007/s00704-024-05031-4.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Royé D., 2017. The effects of hot nights on mortality in Barcelona, Spain. International Journal of Biometeorology 61: 2127–2140. DOI 10.1007/s00484-017-1416-z.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Royé D., Ezpeleta A.M., 2015. Análisis de las noches tropicales en la fachada atlántica de la Península Ibérica. una propuesta metodológica. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles 69: 351-368.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Sulikowska A., Wypych A., Woszczek I., 2016. Fale upałów latem 2015 roku i ich uwarunkowania cyrkulacyjne. Badania fizjograficzne 7: 205–223. DOI 10.14746/bfg.2016.7.16.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tasić A., 2016. The analysis of the occurrence of tropical nights in Knjaževac (Eastern Serbia). Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 96: 56–69. DOI 10.2298/GSGD1601056T.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Thornburgh C., 2001. Are America’s cities ready for the hot times ahead. SOARS Summer 1–14.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Twardosz R., 2023. Obciążenia cieplne człowieka podczas niezwykle ciepłych miesięcy letnich w Krakowie= Human thermal stress during exceptionally warm summer months in Kraków (Poland). Przegląd Geograficzny 95: 255–269. DOI 10.7163/PrzG.2023.3.3.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Twardosz R., Walanus A., Guzik I., 2021. Warming in Europe: Recent trends in annual and seasonal temperatures. Pure and Applied Geophysics 178: 4021–4032. DOI 10.1007/s00024-021-02860-6.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Urban G., 2020. Klimat Zielonej Góry. Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej-Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ustrnul Z., Wypych A., Czekierda D., 2021. Air temperature change. In: Falarz M. (ed.), Climate change in Poland. Past, present, future. Springer, Cham.: 275-330. DOI10.1007/978-3-030-70328-8_25.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Więcław M., 2015. Bardzo ciepłe i gorące noce w północno--zachodniej Polsce. Journal of Education. Health and Sport 5: 31–40. DOI 10.5281/zenodo.34713.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Woś A., 2010. Klimat Polski w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM-Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza, Poznań.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yavaşli D.D., Erlat E., 2024. Tropical nights in the Mediterranean: A spatiotemporal analysis of trends from 1950 to 2022. International Journal of Climatology 44: 1472–1488. DOI 10.1002/joc.8394.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yeh S.-W., Lee E.-H., Min S.-K., Lee Y.-H., Park I.-H., hong J.-S., 2021. Contrasting factors on the trends in hot days and warm nights over Northern Hemisphere land during summer. Weather and Climate Extremes 34: 100389. DOI 10.1016/j.wace.2021.100389.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zubler E.M., Scherrer S.C., Croci-Maspoli M., Liniger M.A., Appenzeller C., 2014. key climate indices in Switzerland; expected changes in a future climate. Climatic Change 123: 255–271. DOI 10.1007/s10584-013-1041-8.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article