
Recognizing the expatriate and transnational distance student: A preliminary demographic exploration in the Republic of Korea
References
- Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2013). Changing course: Ten years of tracking online education in the United States. Sloan Consortium. Retrieved from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED541571.pdf
- Allen, I. E., Seaman, J., Poulin, R., & Straut, T. T. (2016). Online report card: Tracking online education in the United States. Retrieved from http://onlinelearningsurvey.com/reports/onlinereportcard.pdf
- Andrews, D., Nonnecke, B., & Preece, J. (2003). Electronic survey methodology: A case study in reaching hard-to-involve Internet users. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 16, 185–210. http://doi.org/10.1207/S15327590IJHC1602_04
- Aragon, S. R., & Johnson, E. S. (2008). Factors influencing completion and noncompletion of community college online courses. American Journal of Distance Education, 22, 146–158.
- Archer, T. M. (2008). Response rates to expect from web-based surveys and what to do about it. Journal of Extension, 46. Retrieved from http://www.joe.org/joe/2008june/rb3.php
- Barchard, K. A., & Williams, J. (2008). Practical advice for conducting ethical online experiments and questionnaires for United States psychologists. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 1111–1128. http://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.4.1111
- Bean, J. P. & Metzner, B. S. (1985). A conceptual model of nontraditional undergraduate student attrition. Review of Educational Research, 55, 485–540.
- Bennett, L., & Nair, C. S. (2010). A recipe for effective participation rates for web-based surveys. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 35, 357–365. http://doi.org/10.1080/02602930802687752
- Burford, B., Hesketh, A., Wakeling, J., Bagnall, G., Colthart, I., Illing, J., et al. (2009). Asking the right questions and getting meaningful responses: 12 tips on developing and administering a questionnaire survey for healthcare professionals. Medical Teacher, 31, 207–211. http://doi.org/10.1080/01421590802225762
- Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Merrill Prentice Hall.
- Dumais, S. A., Rizzuto, T. E., Cleary, J., & Dowden, L. (2013). Stressors and supports for adult online learners: Comparing first-and continuing-generation college students. American Journal of Distance Education, 27, 100–110.
- Edwards, P. J., Roberts, I., Clarke, M. J., DiGuiseppi, C., Wentz, R., Kwan, I., et al. (2009). Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, Art. No.: MR000008. http://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.MR000008.pub4
- Erichsen, E. A., & Bolliger, D. U. (2010). Towards understanding international graduate student isolation in traditional and online environments. Educational Technology Research and Development, 59, 309–326. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-010-9161-6
- Evans, J. R., & Mathur, A. (2005). The value of online surveys. Internet Research, 15, 195–219. http://doi.org/10.1108/10662240510590360
- Froese, F. J. (2012). Motivation and adjustment of self-initiated expatriates: The case of expatriate academics in South Korea. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23, 1095–1112. http://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.561220
- Gemmell, I., Harrison, R., Clegg, J., & Reed, K. (2013). Internationalisation in online distance learning postgraduate education: A case study on student views on learning alongside students from other countries. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 52, 137–147. http://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2014.881264
- Habib, L., Johannesen, M., & Øgrim, L. (2014). Experiences and challenges of international students in technology-rich learning environments. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 17, 196–206.
- Hachey, A. C., Wladis, C. W., & Conway, K. M. (2013). Balancing retention and access in online courses: Restricting enrollment … Is it worth the cost? Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 15, 9–36. http://doi.org/10.2190/CS.15.1.b
- Hall, E. T. (1959). The silent language. New York: Doubleday.
- Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. New York: Doubleday.
- Hoyt, C.L., &, Simon, S. (2016). Gender and leadership. In P.G. Northouse (Ed.). Leadership theory and practice (pp. 397–426). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
- Hughes, H. (2013). International students using online information resources to learn: complex experience and learning needs. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 37, 126–146. http://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2011.644778
- Kauffman, H. (2015). A review of predictive factors of student success in and satisfaction with online learning. Research in Learning Technology, 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v23.26507
- Kaupp, R. (2012). Online penalty: The impact of online instruction on the Latino-White achievement gap. Journal of Applied Research in the Community College, 12, 8–16.
- Kelly, K. L., & Schorger, J. R. (2003). Putting the DISTANCE in distance education: An international experience in rural special education personnel preparation. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 22, 1–11.
- Lee, D. Y. (2011). Korean and foreign students’ perceptions of the teacher’s role in a multicultural online learning environment in Korea. Educational Technology Research and Development, 59, 913–935. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-011-9219-0
- Lewis, R. (2010). When cultures collide: Leading across cultures. United Kingdom: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
- Levin, J., & Fox, J. A. (2011). Elementary statistics in social research: The essentials. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
- Liu, S. Y., Gomez, J., & Yen, C. J. (2009). Community college online course retention and final grade: Predictability of social presence. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 8, 165–182.
- Lorenzo, G. (2015). A research review about online learning: Are students satisfied? Why do some succeed and others fail? What contributes to higher retention rates and positive learning outcomes? Internet Learning, 1, 44–54.
- Ministry of Justice [MoJ] (2016). Korean Immigration Service Statistics. 1–1055. Retrieved from http://www.immigration.go.kr/HP/COM/bbs_003/BoardList.do?strNbodCd=noti0096&strOrgGbnCd=104000&strFilePath=imm/&strRtnURL=IMM_6050&strNbodCdGbn=&strType=&strAllOrgYn=N
- Morrison, G. R., Ross, S. M., Kalman, H. K., & Kemp, J. E. (2011). Designing effective instruction (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
- Packham, G., Jones, P., Miller, C., & Thomas, B. (2004). E-learning and retention: Key factors influencing student withdrawal. Education+ Training, 46, 335–342. http://doi.org/10.1108/00400910410555240
- Perkins, R. A. (2011, June 24). Using research-based practices to increase response rates of web-based surveys. Educause Review. Retrieved from https://er.educause.edu/articles/2011/6/using-researchbased-practices-to-increase-response-rates-of-webbased-surveys
- Pollock, D. C., & Van Reken, R. (2009). Third culture kids: Growing up among worlds. Boston, MA: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.
- Roblyer, M. D., & Davis, L. (2008). Predicting success for virtual school students: Putting research-based models into practice. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 11. Retrieved from http://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdla/winter114/roblyer114.html
- Selinger, M. (2004). Cultural and pedagogical implications of a global e-learning programme. Cambridge Journal of Education, 34, 223–239. http://doi.org/10.1080/03057640410001700589
- Selwyn, N. (2011a). Digitally distanced learning: A study of international distance learners’ (non)use of technology. Distance Education, 32, 85–99. http://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2011.565500
- Selwyn, N. (2011b). “Finding an appropriate fit for me”: Examining the (in)flexibilities of international distance learning. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 30, 367–383. http://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2011.570873
- Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education (5th ed.) Boston, MA: Pearson.
- Sinkowitz-Cochran, R. L. (2013). Survey design: To ask or not to ask? That is the question…. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 56, 1159–1164. http://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit005
- Stoessel, K., Ihme, T. A., Barbarino, M. L., Fisseler, B., & Stürmer, S. (2015). Sociodemographic diversity and distance education: Who drops out from academic programs and why? Research in Higher Education, 56, 228–246.
- Trouteaud, A. R. (2004). How you ask counts: A test of Internet-related components of response rates to a web-based survey. Social Science Computer Review, 22, 385–392. http://doi.org/10.1177/0894439304265650
- Tyler-Smith, K. (2006). Early attrition among first time eLearners: A review of factors that contribute to drop-out, withdrawal and non-completion rates of adult learners undertaking eLearning programmes. Journal of Online learning and Teaching, 2, 73–85.
- Waclawski, E. (2012). How I use it: Survey Monkey. Occupational Medicine, 62, 477–477. http://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqs075
- Xu, D., & Jaggars, S. S. (2013). Adaptability to online learning: Differences across types of students and academic subject areas. CCRC Working Paper No. 54. Community College Research Center, Columbia University. Retrieved from http://ccrc.tc.columbia.edu/media/k2/attachments/adaptability-to-online-learning.pdf
- Yoo, S. J., & Huang, W. D. (2013). Engaging online adult learners in higher education: Motivational factors impacted by gender, age, and prior experiences. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 61, 151–164. http://doi.org/10.1080/07377363.2013.836
- Ziguras, C. (2008). Cultural and contextual issues in the evaluation of transnational distance education. In T. Evans, M. Haughey, & D. Murphy (Eds.), International handbook of distance education (pp. 639–653.). United Kingdom: Emerald.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.9.4.677 | Journal eISSN: 2304-070X
Language: English
Page range: 463 - 481
Submitted on: Jul 25, 2017
Accepted on: Oct 11, 2017
Published on: Oct 1, 2017
Published by: International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2017 William H. Stewart, published by International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE)
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.