Experimental Investigation of Volume Estimation Methods for Hydrogen Refueling Stations

Rémi Gonin; Fouad Ammouri; David Vempaire; Bikram Roy Chowdhury; Bo Lu

doi:10.58895/hysafe.59

Experimental Investigation of Volume Estimation Methods for Hydrogen Refueling Stations

Hydrogen Safety

Volume 3 (2026): Issue 1

By: Rémi Gonin, Fouad Ammouri, David Vempaire, Bikram Roy Chowdhury and Bo Lu

Open Access

|Jun 2026

Abstract

Hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) control and ensure safety during the refueling of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), relying on the volume of the FCEVs’ compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) (SAE J2601 and J2601 TIR 5). When communication between the HRSs and FCEVs is unavailable, the HRSs must estimate this volume. Even with communication, the HRSs must verify the transmitted CHSS volume to prevent corruption or unauthorized modification. This study experimentally investigates the SAE J2601 TIR 5 volume estimation method considering different initial pressures and fuel delivery temperatures with two different tanks: a type IV 243.6 L tank and a type IV 1520 L tank. Different CHSS volume estimation formulations, based on selected physical hypotheses, are detailed, compared, and evaluated for precision using the experimental data.

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58895/hysafe.59

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Language: English

Page range: 233 - 251

Submitted on: Mar 3, 2026

Accepted on: Jun 1, 2026

Published on: Jun 25, 2026

Published by: KIT Scientific Publishing

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Keywords:

Hydrogen Refueling Station,

compressed-hydrogen,

volume estimation

© 2026 Rémi Gonin, Fouad Ammouri, David Vempaire, Bikram Roy Chowdhury, Bo Lu, published by KIT Scientific Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 3 (2026): Issue 1