
Toward a Reliable Methodology for Assessing Overpressure in Hydrogen Vents
References
- Astbury, G. and Hawksworth, S.J. (2007) ‘Spontaneous ignition of hydrogen leaks: a review of postulated mechanisms’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(13), pp. 2178–2185. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.04.005
- Bauwens, C.R.L. and Dorofeev, S.B. (2020) ‘Modeling detonation limits for arbitrary non-uniform concentration distributions in fuel–air mixtures’, Combustion and Flame, 221, pp. 338–345. Available at: 10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.08.003
- Blanchetière, V., Armstrong, A., Wang, Y., Jambut, R., Wilkins, B. and Salaün, N. (2025) ‘Delayed ignition of high-pressure hydrogen releases–experiments and engineering models’, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 105589. Available at: 10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105589
- Boivin, P., Le Boursicaud, M., Millán-Merino, A., Taileb, S., Melguizo-Gavilanes, J. and Williams, F. (2023)
‘Hydrogen ignition and safety’ , In Hydrogen for Future Thermal Engines. Springer, pp. 161–236. Available at: 10.1007/978-3-031-28412-0_5 - Brennan, S. and Molkov, V. (2013) ‘Safety assessment of unignited hydrogen discharge from onboard storage in garages with low levels of natural ventilation’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 38(19), pp. 8159–8166. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.036
- Chamberlain, G., Oran, E. and Pekalski, A. (2019) ‘Detonations in industrial vapour cloud explosions’, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 62, p. 103918. Available at: 10.1016/j.jlp.2019.103918
- Daubech, J., Hebrard, J., Jallais, S., Vyazmina, E., Jamois, D. and Verbecke, F. (2015) ‘Un-ignited and ignited high pressure hydrogen releases: Concentration–turbulence mapping and overpressure effects’, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 36, pp. 439–446. Available at: 10.1016/j.jlp.2015.05.013
- Daubech, J., Hebrard, J. and Leprette, E. (2025) ‘Influence of the flammable cloud geometry on the gas explosion effects’, Process Safety Progress. Available at: 10.1002/prs.12674
- Dorofeev, S. (1995) ‘Blast effects of confined and unconfined explosions’, Proceedings of the 20th ISSW “Shock waves,” pp. 77–86.
- Dorofeev, S.B. (2007) ‘Evaluation of safety distances related to unconfined hydrogen explosions’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(13), pp. 2118–2124. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.04.003
- Goodwin, G., Moffat, H., Schoegl, I., Speth, R. and Weber, B. (2023) Cantera: An object-oriented software toolkit for chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, and transport processes. Available at:
https://www.cantera.org . - Groethe, M., Merilo, E., Colton, J., Chiba, S., Sato, Y. and Iwabuchi, H. (2007) ‘Large-scale hydrogen deflagrations and detonations’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(13), pp. 2125–2133. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.04.016
- Kaneshige, M. and Shepherd, J.E. (1997) Detonation database.
- Melguizo-Gavilanes, J., Pekalski, A. and Crerand, A. (2024) ‘A methodology for hydrogen vents overpressure assessments’, Hazards 34 Process Safety Conference,
ICHEME , Manchester, UK. - Miller, D., Eastwood, C. and Thomas, J. (2015) ‘Hydrogen jet vapor cloud explosion: test data and comparison with predictions’, Proceedings of the 11th Global Congress on Process Safety, AIChE Annual Meeting, Austin, TX, pp. 26–30.
- Oran, E.S., Chamberlain, G. and Pekalski, A. (2020) ‘Mechanisms and occurrence of detonations in vapor cloud explosions’, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 77, p. 100804. Available at: 10.1016/j.pecs.2019.100804
- Pförtner, H. and Schneider, H. (1983) Pnp-sichcrheitssofortprogramm, prozebgasfreisetzung-explosion in der gasfabrik und auswirkungen von druckwellen auf das containment. Technical Report, Fraunhofer-ICT Internal Report.
- Schefer, R., Houf, W., Williams, T., Bourne, B. and Colton, J. (2007) ‘Characterization of high-pressure, underexpanded hydrogen-jet flames’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(12), pp. 2081–2093. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.08.037
- Shen, A., Miller, D., Lutostansky, E., Overa, S., Malik, D., Macon, K., Paschal, T. and Thomas, J. (2025) ‘Hydrogen jet explosion: new tests, blast and fireball models’, Proceedings of the 21st Global Congress on Process Safety, Joint AIChE and CCPS Meeting, Dallas, TX.
- Smith, G.P., Golden, D.M., Frenklach, M., Moriarty, N.W., Eiteneer, B., Goldenberg, M., Bowman, C.T., Hanson, R.K., Song, S., Gardiner, W.C.
Jr. et al. (2021) Gri-mech 3.0. Available at:http://combustion.berkeley.edu/gri-mech/ . - Stamps, D., Benedick, W.B. and Tieszen, S. (1991) Hydrogen-air-diluent detonation study for nuclear reactor safety analyses, Technical Report, Division of Systems, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC. Available at: 10.2172/6119703
- Standard, A. (2020) Pressure-relieving and depressuring systems. American Petroleum Institute, p. 248.
- Takeno, K., Okabayashi, K., Kouchi, A., Nonaka, T., Hashiguchi, K. and Chitose, K. (2007) ‘Dispersion and explosion field tests for 40 MPa pressurized hydrogen’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32(13), pp. 2144–2153. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.04.018
- Thomas, J.K., Eastwood, C. and Goodrich, M. (2015) ‘Are unconfined hydrogen vapor cloud explosions credible?’, Process Safety Progress, 34(1), pp. 36–43. Available at: 10.1002/prs.11685
- Venetsanos, A., Papanikolaou, E. and Bartzis, J. (2010) ‘The ADREA-HF CFD code for consequence assessment of hydrogen applications’, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(8), pp. 3908–3918. Available at: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.002
Language: English
Page range: 63 - 72
Submitted on: Feb 2, 2026
Accepted on: Feb 4, 2026
Published on: Mar 2, 2026
Published by: KIT Scientific Publishing
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Keywords:
© 2026 Josue Melguizo-Gavilanes, Adisa Jarubenjaluk, Andrzej Pekalski, Andrew Crerand, published by KIT Scientific Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.