Figure 1
The dataset creation process.
Figure 2
Research numbers by year.
Figure 3
Trend topic distribution over the years.
Figure 4
Pre-Covid-19 Sub-Period (2017–2019).
Figure 5
Covid-19 Period Sub-Phase (2020–2021).
Figure 6
Post-Covid-19 Sub-Period (2022–2023).
Table 1
Basic themes emerging during the pre-Covid-19 period (2017–2019).
| TOPIC | KEYWORDS DEFINING THE TOPIC |
|---|---|
| Digital Education Ecosystem in Higher Education | higher education, digital learning, mooc |
| Digital Transformation and Innovative Approaches in Education | digitalization, augmented reality, information and communication technologies, artificial intelligence, experiential learning |
Table 2
Motor Themes Emerging During the Covid-19 Period (2020–2021).
| TOPIC | KEYWORDS DEFINING THE TOPIC |
|---|---|
| Educational Approaches in Higher Education During the COVID-19 Period | higher education, covid-19, digital education, emergency remote teaching, collaborative learning, educational innovation, entrepreneurship, student perception, challenge-based learning, digitization, entrepreneurial skills, learning analytics, virtual campus, virtual learning environment |
| Industry 4.0 and Sustainable Education | industry 4.0, artificial intelligence, machine learning, sustainable development, education 4.0 |
Table 3
Motor Themes Emerging After the Covid-19 Period (2022–2023).
| TOPIC | KEYWORDS DEFINING THE TOPIC |
|---|---|
| Smart Technologies in Education | blended learning, adaptive cloud learning platforms, blockchain in education, cloud-based ai education applications, cloud-based e-learning platforms, cloud-based learning environments, competency-based education platforms, educational data mining, emotion ai immersive technology applications in education smart campus technologies, social analytics in education, tools and services |
| Smart Campus and Digital University | processes, university 4.0, services, digital smart university, digital university, electronic educational environment, smart university, society 5.0 |
| STEM and Digital Competence Development | digital competence, key competencies, stem education, digital resources, entrepreneurship education, vocational high school |
| Digital Access in Higher Education | Students, personalized learning, assessment, authentication, digital divide, digital environment, security, digital twin |
| Digital Satisfaction and Performance | digital readiness, satisfaction, academic performance, computer anxiety |
| Digital Transformation in Education and Industry 4.0 | industry 4.0, education 4.0, industry 5.0, gamification, education 5.0, learning analytics digital education ecosystem, digital era, digital teaching methods, ethics, game-based learning, simulation games, soft skills |
Figure 7
Thematic Evolution Map Across Periods.