Figure 1
LncRNAs regulating glucose metabolism in cancers. The figure illustrates the representative lncRNAs that regulate various enzymes at different stages of glucose metabolism in cancers. (ALDO-aldolase; ENO-enolase; GLUTs-glucose transporters; GPI-phosphoglucoisomerase; HKII-hexokinase II; LDH-lactate dehydrogenase; MCTs-monocarboxylate transporters; PDK-pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase; PDH-pyruvate dehydrogenase; PFK-phosphofructokinase; PKM-pyruvate kinase).
Figure 2
LncRNAs regulating lipid metabolism in cancers. The figure depicts various lncRNAs affecting lipid metabolism in numerous cancers. Lipids undergoing metabolic reprogramming are grouped into four classes namely the fatty acids, the cholesterol, the triglycerides as well as the sphingolipids and the phospholipids. LncRNAs regulate each of these lipid classes in their synthesis, degradation as well as transport and other regulatory stages. (ACLY-ATP citrate lyase; ACC-acetyl CoA carboxylase; FASN-fatty acid synthase; ACSL-acyl CoA synthetase long chain; SCD-stearoyl CoA desaturase; CPT1-carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1; SREBPs-sterol regulatory element binding proteins; HMGCR-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase; FABP-fatty acid binding proteins; SQLE-squalene epoxidase; LDLR-low density lipoprotein receptor; LXR-liver X receptor; RXR-retinoid X receptor; APO-apolipoproteins; GPAT- glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase; DGAT-diacylglycerol acyl transferase; CER-ceramidases; SPHK-sphingosine synthase; SIPR1-sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1; SPHS-sphingosine synthase; PLD-phospholipase D; PLA-phospholipase A).
Figure 3
LncRNAs regulating amino acid metabolism in cancers. The figure presewnts an overviee of various lncRNAs that affect the metabolic reprogramming of amino acids namely glutamine, arginine and methionine in cancers. (ASS1-arginine succinate synthase 1) GDH-glutamate dehydrogenase; GLS-glutaminase; GOT-glutamine oxaloacetate transferase; MAT-methionine adenosyltransferases).
Figure 4
LncRNAs regulating nucleotide metabolism in cancers. The figure presents a summary of mechanisms by which different lncRNAs modulate the reprogramming of nucleotide metabolism in cancers. The major enzymes involved in nucleotide metabolism that are regulated by lncRNAs includes TS (thymidylate synthase), TK1 (thymidylate kinase 1) and RRM2 (ribonucleotide reductase subunit 2).