Table 1
Levels of violence.5
| Level | Indicators | Potential response |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Minor incidents at the level of individuals | Grass-root level initiative, NGO projects |
| 2 | Serious incidents and attacks at the individual level, leading to death and destroyed property | National level interventions |
| 3 | Repeated ethnic violence in some parts of the country resulting in forced deportation and death | National level interventions with some external support |
| 4 | Extensive ethnic violence in significant parts of the country; ethnic rebellions or guerrilla movements; hundreds of people killed in ethnic violence; relatively large numbers of ethnic refugees; ethnic cleansings | External level interventions |
| 5 | Violent conflicts between ethnic groups or between ethnic groups and the government-dominated politics; ethnic civil war or serious separatist rebellion; thousands of people killed; number of refugees and displaced people rises to hundreds of thousands; genocide | External level interventions with offensive instruments |
| 6 | Sporadic acts of violence in some parts of the territory; cease-fire agreement ensures fragile peace however it does not completely solve the issues | Combined national and external interventions involving NGOs and civil society |
| 7 | Violence does not seem to be an appropriate tool to the conflict parties that obey cease-fire agreement or peace plan | Reduced external interventions, national and NGO efforts |
| 8 | Some incidents occur at a community level leading to violence | National level interventions with NGO efforts |
| 9 | Some volatile incidents occur at an individual level | NGO efforts |
Table 2
Levels of violence over Nagorno-Karabakh.
| Year | Situation | Parties involved | Level of violence |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1905–1907 | Armeno-Tatar war | Armenians and Tatars | 5 |
| 1918–1920 | Clashes between independent Armenia and Azerbaijan | Armenians and Azeris | 5 |
| 1948–1953 | Sporadic violence between Armenians and Azeris | Armenians and Azeris | 2 |
| 1988–1990 | Sumgait pogrom, ethnic incidents, refugees | Armenians and Azeris | 3 |
| 1991–1994 | Nagorno-Karabakh conflict | Armenians and Azeris | 4–5 |
| 1994–2014 | Ceasefire period involving periodic incidents | Armenians and Azeris | 6 |