Table 1:
Studied taxa with voucher number and collection information.
Tabela 1: Preučevani taksoni s številko vavčerja in podatki o nabirkih.
| Taxon | Herbarium sheet ID | Collector | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. angulata | ALUH-26379 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Tehran: Firuzkuh |
| A. angulata | ALUH-26391 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Robat-karim Tehran: |
| A. angulata | ALUH-26393 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Tehran: Qom Road |
| A. glabrata var. glabrata | ALUH-26436 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Tehran: 50 km from Bueen Zahra to Eshtehard |
| A. glabrata var. microcarpa | ALUH-26372 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Tehran: 30 km from Karai to Challus |
| A. hohenackeri | ALUH-26411 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Azarbaijan: 10 km from Oshnavieh to Urmia |
| A. sachsachanica | ALUH-26390 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Azarbaijan: Ghushchi pass. |
| A. kurdica var. kurdica | ALUH-26410 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Kurdestan: 13 km from Kamyaran to Sanandaj |
| A. kurdica var. kurdica | ALUH-26426 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Azarbaijan: Tabriz, Bostan-abad to Mianeh |
| A. kurdica var. kurdica | ALUH-26428 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Fars: Estahban to Shiraz, Mian Kotal |
| A. kurdica var. kurdica | ALUH-26395 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Hamedan: 3 km from Avaj to Razan |
| A. kurdica var. laxiflora | ALUH-26434 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Tehran: 50 km from Bueen Zahra to Eshtehard |
| A. kurdica var. laxiflora | ALUH-26443 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Kermanshah: Between Khamseh ane Bisotun |
| A. kurdica var. leiocarpa | ALUH-26400- | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Hamedan: Lalehjin |
| A. rechingeri | ALUH-26430 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Fars: Estahban to Shiraz |
| A. schirazana | ALUH-26394 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Fars: Betweeen Ardakan and Komehr |
| A. hyrcana | ALUH-12440 | Pakravan | Gilan: Talesh to Kallkhal |
| A. sulphurea | ALUH-26378 | Pakravan & Darrehshury | Tehran: 3 km from Darbandsar to Fasham |
| A. sulphurea | ALUH-14645 | Darzi | Tehran: Shemiran |
| A. tarica | ALUH-26380 | Pakravan | Tehran: Damavand, Tar Lake. |
| A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba | ALUH-26437 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Azarbaijan:15 km from Mianeh to Bostan-abad |
| A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba | ALUH-26419 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Azarbaijan: Ghushchi pass. |
| A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae | ALUH-26416 | Pakravan & H. Moghadam | Azarbaijan: Ghotur valley |
| A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae | ALUH-12435 | Pakravan | Azarbaijan: Ardebil to Khalkhal |
Figure 3:
Cross sections of Alcea petioles: A: A. hohenackeri, B: A. kurdica var. leiocarpa, C: A. kurdica var. laxiflora, D: A. sachsachanica, E: A. tarica, F: A. rechingeri, G: A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba, H: A. angulata, I: A. sulphurea, J: A. glabrata var. glabrata, K: A. glabrata var. microcarpa, L: A. hyrcana. Scale bars: 300 µm. Avas: additional vascular bundle, cav: cavity, Chl: chlorenchyma, Col: collenchyma, Cut: cuticle, Cvb: continuous vascular bundles, Epi: epidermis, F: phloem fibre, Par: parenchyma, Ph: phloem, svb: small vascular bundle, Xy: xylem.
Slika 3: Prečni prerezi pecljev vrst v rodu Alcea: A: A. hohenackeri, B: A. kurdica var. leiocarpa, C: A. kurdica var. laxiflora, D: A. sachsachanica, E: A. tarica, F: A. rechingeri, G: A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba, H: A. angulata, I: A. sulphurea, J: A. glabrata var. glabrata, K: A. glabrata var. microcarpa, L: A. hyrcana. Merila: 300 µm. Avas: dodatni žilni snop, cav: votlina, Chl: klorenhim, Col: kolenhim, Cut: kutikula, Cvb: neprekinjeni žilni snopi, Epi: povrhnjica, F: floemsko vlakno, Par: parenhim, Ph: floem, svb: majhen žilni snop, Xy: ksilem.
Figure 4:
Cross section of Alcea petioles: A: A. schirazana, B: A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae, C: A. kurdica var. kurdica, D: A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba, E: A. angulata, F: A. sulphurea, G: A. glabrata var. glabrata, H: A. glabrata var. microcarpa, I: A. hyrcana. Scale bars: 300 µm (A, B, C,), 200 µm (D, E, F, H, J), 60 µm (G). cav: cavity, Chl: chlorenchyma, Col: collenchyma, cry: crystal, Cut: cuticle, cvb: continuous vascular bundle, Epi: epidermis, F: phloem fibre, L.vb: lateral vascular bundle, Par: parenchyma, Ph: phloem, svb: small vascular bundle, Xy: xylem.
Slika 4: Prečni prerezi pecljev vrst v rodu Alcea: A: A. schirazana, B: A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae, C: A. kurdica var. kurdica, D: A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba, E: A. angulata, F: A. sulphurea, G: A. glabrata var. glabrata, H: A. glabrata var. microcarpa, I: A. hyrcana. Merilo: 300 µm (A, B, C,), 200 µm (D, E, F, H, J), 60 µm (G). cav: votlina, Chl: klorenhim, Col: kolenhim, crystal: kristal, Cut: kutikula, cvb: neprekinjen snop. Epi: povrhnjica, F: floemsko vlakno, L.vb: lateralni žilni snop, Par: parenhim, Ph: floem, svb: majhen žilni snop, Xy: ksilem.
Figure 2:
Different types of trichomes on the petiole of Alcea species. A: simple, B: bifurcate, C & D: glandular, E & F: stellate.
Slika 2: Različne vrste trihomov na listnem peclju vrst v rodu Alcea. A: navadni, B: dvokraki, C in D: žlezni, E in F: zvezdasti.
Figure 5:
Cross section of Alcea petioles: (A): A. schirazana, (B): A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae, (C): A. kurdica var. kurdica, (D): A. sachsachanica, (E): A. tarica, (F): A. rechingeri, (G): A. hohenackeri, (H): A. kurdica var. leiocarpa, (I): A. kurdica var. laxiflora. Scale bars: 200 µm. cav: cavity, Chl: chlorenchyma, Col: collenchyma, cry: crystal, Cut: cuticle, Epi: epidermis, F: phloem fibre, In ph: internal phloem, L.vb: lateral vascular bundle, Par: parenchyma, Ph: phloem, svb: small vascular bundle, Sth: stellate trichome, Xy: xylem.
Slika 5: Prečni prerezi pecljev vrst v rodu Alcea: (A): A. schirazana, (B): A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae, (C): A. kurdica var. kurdica, (D): A. sachsachanica, (E): A. tarica, (F): A. rechingeri, (G): A. hohenackeri, (H): A. kurdica var. leiocarpa, (I): A. kurdica var. laxiflora. Lestvice: 200 µm. cav: votlina, Chl: klorenhim, Col: kolenhim, Cut: kutikula, cry: kristal, Epi: povrhnjica, F: floemsko vlakno, In ph: notranji floem, L.vb: lateralni žilni snop, Par: parenhim, Ph: floem, Sth: zvezdasti trihom, svb: majhen žilni snop, Xy: ksilem,
Figure 1.
Details of petiole structure in Alcea wilhelminae var. wilhelminae. Chl: chlorenchyma, Col: collenchyma, Cry: crystal, Cut: cuticle, Epi: epidermis, In ph: internal phloem, Par: parenchyma, V.b: vascular bundle.
Slika 1: Podrobnosti v strukturi listnega peclja pri vrsti Alcea wilhelminae var. wilhelminae. Chl: klorenhim, Col: kolenhim, Cry: kristal, Cut: kutikula, Epi: povrhnjica, In ph: notranji floem, Par: parenhim, V.b: žilni snop.
Table 2:
Anatomical features of petiole in Alcea species.
Tabela 2: Anatomske značilnosti pecljev vrst v rodu Alcea.
| characters | Parench thick μm | No. Collen | Collen thick (μm) | T. fib scl. | Phlo thick (μm) | Xylem thick (μm) | Chlorench thick (μm) | T. V. B. | Add. V, B | M.V.B | Vas. B. pattern | Epi. Th. | Pet sh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taxa | |||||||||||||
| A. angulata | 182.3–187.7 | 5–7 | 91.1–115.2 | 74.4–78.3 | 37.5–46.1 | 116.8–125.2 | 51.2–53.7 | 12 | + | 10 | Free bundle Ring | 25.8–32.6 | C |
| A. glabrata var. glabrata | 170.1–175.8 | 4–6 | 81.5–93.4 | 32.–34.2 | 41.9–45.5 | 132.2–135.3 | 36.4–38.2 | 7 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 30.1–32.6 | C |
| A. glabrata var. microcarpa | 144.3–146.8 | 4–5 | 82.7–90.3 | 54.9–63.7 | 43.4–45.9 | 134.2–136.1 | 46.9–48 | 7 | - | 5 | Free bundle Ring | 21.1–23.6 | T |
| A. hohenackeri | 204.2–207.1 | 2–3 | 56.1–59.4 | 43.3–44.51 | 47.5–52.5 | 171.9–174.5 | 30.4–31.9 | 5 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 20.6–23.7 | T |
| A. hyrcana | 186.9–187.2 | 3–7 | 58.9–110.8 | 35.6–37.7 | 50.7–55.4 | 99.8–103.3 | 36.9–37.5 | 12 | - | 2 | Free bundle Ring | 26.7–29.8 | T |
| A. kurdica var. kurdica | 200.3–238.3 | 4–5 | 89.5–94.4 | 52.3–80.65 | 56.4–70.7 | 121.9–199.6 | 35.6–49.5 | 7 | - | 5 | Free bundle Ring | 28.5–32 | C |
| A. kurdica var. laxiflora | 243.9–250 | 5–6 | 97.5–100.2 | 63.1–63.2 | 63.8–65.7 | 256.6–270.5 | 42.5–42.6 | 7 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 31.7–34.3 | T |
| A. kurdica var. leiocarpa | 256.3–270.8 | 4 | 87.3–87.7 | 45.8–48.1 | 63.7–65.7 | 129.9–133.7 | 46.2–50.1 | 6 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 22.6–24.7 | C |
| A. rechingeri | 309.8–330.4 | 5–6 | 99.7–105.4 | 66.2–67.4 | 63.5–64.2 | 186.9–187.6 | 48.8–51.7 | 16 | - | 10 | Fused bundle Ring | 27.8–30.3 | C |
| A. schirazana | 257.6–278.4 | 8–9 | 103.9–124.9 | 74.7–76.1 | 60.2–64.2 | 180.8–182 | 43.7–47.3 | 8 | - | 6 | Free bundle Ring | 30.7–32.2 | T |
| A. sachsachanica | 297.10 | 6–7 | 107.3–109.6 | 76–85.23 | 60.8–63.1 | 195.8–198.5 | 43.8–44.8 | 6 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 28.6–31.5 | T |
| A. sulphurea | 229.6–258.8 | 5–6 | 100–103.9 | 60.8–82.4 | 60.9–63.9 | 160–167.3 | 44.5–46.1 | 5 | + | 1 | U-shape Free bundle | 25.8–25.9 | C |
| A. tarica | 201.9–215.7 | 5–6 | 104.6–108.2 | 87.9–93.3 | 51.2–54.3 | 166.6–168.5 | 31.2–34.5 | 8 | - | 5 | Free bundle Ring | 22.8–25.5 | C |
| A. wilhelminae var. lineariloba | 190.7–192.4 | 3–4 | 60.9–81.6 | 47.2–47.4 | 39.8–39.9 | 107.1–118.8 | 61.6–63.7 | 6 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 31.3–37.0 | T |
| A. wilhelminae var. wilhelminae | 294.6–297.6 | 4–5 | 87.9–102.6 | 61.2–66.75 | 55.2–58.2 | 219.7–227.74 | 46.2–87.2 | 6 | - | 4 | Free bundle Ring | 36.8–37.2 | C |
[i] Parench thick: Parenchyma thickness, No. Collen: Number of collenchyma layers, No. Chloren: Layer number of Chlorenchyma, T. fi. Scl.: Thickness of sclerenchyma fibers, Phlo thick: Phloem thickness, Xylem thick: Xylem thickness, Collen thick: collenchyma thickness, T. V. B.: Total Number of vascular bundles, Add. V, B: Additional vascular bundles, M.V.B: Major vascular bundle, Vas. B. pattern: vascular bundles pattern, Epi. Th.: Epiderm thickness, C: circular, T: triangle, Pet. Sh: Petiole shape, - & +: Presence or absence of additional vascular bundles. The highest value of each trait state is in bold.
Figure 6:
Dendrogram based on quantitative petiole anatomical characters of Alcea species.
Slika 6: Dendrogram, ki temelji na kvantitativnih anatomskih značilnostih pecljev vrst v rodu Alcea.