The acute effect of expert video modelling on tennis serve performance in 7- to 9-year-old players

Eya Kachouri; Ghaith Ezeddine; Hiba Kachouri; Cain C. T. Clark; Bessem Mkaouer; Nafaa Souissi

doi:10.37190/abb/230881

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The acute effect of expert video modelling on tennis serve performance in 7- to 9-year-old players

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

Volume 28 (2026): Issue 3 (September 2026)

By: Eya Kachouri , Ghaith Ezeddine, Hiba Kachouri, Cain C. T. Clark, Bessem Mkaouer and Nafaa Souissi

Open Access

|Oct 2026

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the acute impact of employing expert modelling on tennis serve performance in 7- to 9-year old boys.

Methods

Seventeen players undertook three conditions sequentially: control condition (traditional training), video modelling condition 1, and condition 2. Each participant performed 16 serves per condition (8 per diagonal), with 1 week between each condition. Serve performance outcomes were evaluated under each condition.

Results

Repeated-measure analyses of variance revealed significant main effects for conditions (F _{(2, 32)} = 85.61, p < 0.001, η ² _p = 0.843) and point areas (F _{(2, 32)} = 274.76, p < 0.001, η ² _p = 0.945), with a significant interaction (F _{(4, 64)} = 7.08, p < 0.001, η ² _p = 0.307). Both video modelling conditions outperformed the control condition, with VMC2 showing the greatest benefits for successful serve (F _{(2, 32)} = 85.61, p < 0.001, η ² _p = 0.843) and ball impact (F _{(2, 32)} = 70.29, p < 0.001, η ² _p = 0.815), while no effect was observed for ball speed (p = 0.116–0.458). Significant condition × test interactions were observed for point areas 1, 3, and 5 (p < 0.001, η ² _p = 0.614–0.720). Pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction revealed significant differences between all conditions (p < 0.001), with VMC2 producing the largest gains across all point areas.

Conclusion

Our findings support that the adoption of expert video modelling for coaching/learning tennis serves to expedite the process of technique refinement and facilitate performance enhancement.

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Articles in this issue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37190/abb/230881 | Journal eISSN: 2450-6303 | Journal ISSN: 1509-409X

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Language: English

Page range: 43 - 53

Submitted on: Jun 20, 2026

Accepted on: Aug 7, 2026

Published on: Oct 16, 2026

Published by: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Motor learning,

Observational learning,

Related subjects:

Bioengineering and biomedical engineering,

Cellular and tissue engineering,

Biomechanics,

Medicine,

Biomedical engineering,

Materials sciences,

Biomaterials and natural materials

© 2026 Eya Kachouri, Ghaith Ezeddine, Hiba Kachouri, Cain C. T. Clark, Bessem Mkaouer, Nafaa Souissi, published by Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 28 (2026): Issue 3 (September 2026)