Analysis of the Class 1 Integrons, Carbapenemase Genes and Biofilm Formation Genes Occurrence in Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates

Primer	Primer sequence (5’–3’)	Target gene	References
intF	CCAAGCTCTCGGGTAACATC	intI1	Wang et al. 2023
P2R	CCCGAGGCATAGACTGTA	intI1	Wang et al. 2023
5CS	GGCATCCAAGCAGCAAG	variable region	Wang et al. 2023
3CS	AAGCAGACTTGACCTGA	variable region	Wang et al. 2023
AACF	ATCTCATATCGTCGAGTGG	aac(6’)-Ib	Wang et al. 2023
AACR	TGCGTGTTCGCTCGAATGC	aac(6’)-Ib	Wang et al. 2023
AADAF	GCAGCGCAATGACATTCTTG	aadA1	Wang et al. 2023
AADAR	ATCCTTCGGCGCGATTTTG	aadA1	Wang et al. 2023
CATF	TTACTCTGGCTACTATCAC	catB8	Wang et al. 2023
CATR	TGATGGCATAAGGCTCTAC	catB8	Wang et al. 2023
KPC-F	CGTCTAGTTCTGCTGTCTTG	bla_KPC	Wang et al. 2023
KPC-R	CTTGTCATCCTTGTTAGGCG	bla_KPC	Wang et al. 2023
VIM-F	GATGGTGTTTGGTCGCATA	bla_VIM	Wang et al.2023
VIM-R	CGAATGCGCAGCACCAG	bla_VIM	Wang et al.2023
NDM-F	GGTTTGGCGATCTGGTTTTC	bla_NDM	Wang et al. 2023
NDM-R	CGGAATGGCTCATCACGATC	bla_NDM	Wang et al. 2023
OXA-23-like-F	CCGTCGTTTACGACATTCA	bla_OXA-23-like	Wang et al.2023
OXA-23-like-R	AAAGAGCGCATTGCTTTGAT	bla_OXA-23-like	Wang et al.2023
IMP-F	GGAATAGAGTGGCTTAAYTCTC	bla_IMP	Wang et al.2023
IMP-R	GGTTTAAYAAAACAACCACC	bla_IMP	Wang et al.2023
bfmS-F	ATATATGCGGGGCTGGTAATTC	bfms	Cai et al. 2017
bfmS-R	ATGCAGGTGCTTTTTTATTGGT	bfms	Cai et al. 2017
cusE-F	ATGCATGTTCTCTGGACTGATGTTGAC	cusE	Cai et al. 2017
cusE-R	CGACTTGTACCGTGACCGTATCTTGATAAG	cusE	Cai et al. 2017
bap-F	CGTTTCCTGGGTCTGATGTATT	bap	Cai et al. 2017
bap-R	GTTATTGAAGGCTTCTTTAGTG	bap	Cai et al. 2017
abal-F	GTGGCTCAAGACAGAGAATC	abal	Wang and Ye 2021
abal-R	TCAATCATCATTGGTGGACC	abal	This study

Clinical ward distribution of CRAB and CSAB isolates.

Clinical specimen type distribution of CRAB and CSAB isolates.

Table II

Resistance rates of CRAB and CSAB isolates to commonly used antibiotics.

Antibiotics	CRAB (n = 219)		CSAB (n = 50)		p
Antibiotics	No.	Rate (%)	No.	Rate (%)	p
CAZ	218	99.54	6	12.00	0.000*
CIP	217	99.09	6	12.00	0.000*
TOB	206	94.06	6	12.00	0.000*
DOX	216	98.63	6	12.00	0.000*
SXT	166	75.80	8	16.00	0.000*
LVX	175	79.91	5	10.00	0.000*
AMK	131	59.82	6	12.00	1.000
FEP	169	77.17	6	12.00	0.384
MNO	78	35.62	2	4.00	0.000*
TGC	11	5.02	0	0.00	0.226
COL	3	1.37	0	0.00	1.000

1 CAZ – ceftazidime, CIP – ciprofloxacin, TOB – tobramycin, DOX – doxycycline, SXT – trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, LVX – levofloxacin, AMK – amikacin, FEP – cefepime, MNO minocycline, TGC – tigecycline, COL – colistin, CRAB – carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, CSAB – carbapenem-sensitive A. baumannii

n – the number of strains in the group

1 * – p < 0.05

Table III

Virulence- and resistance-gene-carrying status of CRAB and CSAB.

Genes	CRAB (n = 219)	CSAB (n = 50)	p
abal +	204	19	0*
–	15	31
bfmS +	140	31	0.798
–	79	19
bap +	193	5	0*
–	26	45
cusE +	170	24	0*
–	49	26
bla_OXA-23-like +	218	0	0*
–	1	50

1 CRAB – carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, CSAB – carbapenem-sensitive A. baumannii

n – the number of strains in the group

1 * – p < 0.05

Table IV

Correlations between virulence genes and antibiotic resistance in 219 CRAB isolates.

Antibiotics	abal			bfmS			cusE			bap
Antibiotics	+ (n = 204)	– (n = 15)	p	+ (n = 140)	– (n = 79)	p	+ (n = 170)	– (n = 49)	p	+ (n = 193)	– (n = 26)	p
MNO	72	6	0.782	47	31	0.4	59	19	0.6	68	10	0.747
DOX	201	15	1	139	77	0.296	168	48	0.534	191	25	0.317
SXT	154	12	1	98	68	0.008*	124	42	0.066	145	21	0.528
CIP	202	15	1	139	78	1	168	49	1	192	25	0.224
LVX	163	12	1	109	66	0.313	141	34	0.037*	152	23	0.246
TOB	191	15	0.607	129	77	0.142	161	45	0.494	185	21	0.011*
AMK	125	6	0.105	79	52	0.173	96	35	0.06	119	12	0.13
TGC	11	0	1	9	2	0.335	9	2	1	11	0	0.369
CAZ	203	15	1	139	79	1	169	49	1	192	26	1
FEP	156	13	0.74	112	57	0.184	141	28	0*	148	21	0.641
COL	3	0	1	2	1	1	2	1	0.534	2	1	0.317

n – the number of strains in the group

1 * – p < 0.05

Table V

Correlation between class 1 integron and antibiotic resistant rates in 219 CRAB isolates.

Antibiotics	intI1(+) (n = 75)		intI1(−) (n = 144)		p
Antibiotics	No.	Rate (%)	No.	Rate (%)	p
CAZ	75	100	143	99.31	1.000
CIP	75	100	142	98.61	0.548
TOB	75	100	132	91.67	0.009*
DOX	74	98.67	142	98.61	1.000
SXT	73	97.33	93	64.58	0.000*
LVX	62	82.67	113	78.47	0.462
AMK	58	77.33	78	54.17	0.001*
FEP	44	58.67	125	86.81	0.000*
MNO	36	48	42	29.17	0.006*
TGC	1	1.33	10	6.94	0.103
COL	1	1.33	2	1.39	1.000

1 CAZ – ceftazidime, CIP – ciprofloxacin, TOB – tobramycin, DOX – doxycycline, SXT – trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, LVX – levofloxacin, AMK – amikacin, FEP – cefepime, MNO minocycline, TGC – tigecycline, COL – colistin CRAB – carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

n – the number of strains in the group

1 * – p < 0.05

Table VI

Correlation between class 1 integron and virulence and resistance genes in 219 CRAB isolates.

Genes	intI1(+) (n = 75)	intI1(–) (n = 144)	p
abal +	75	129	0.003*
–	0	15	0.003*
bfmS +	53	87	0.134
–	22	57	0.134
bap +	72	121	0.009*
–	3	23	0.009*
cusE +	53	116	0.088
–	22	28	0.088
bla_OXA-23-like +	75	143	1.000
–	0	1	1.000

1 CRAB – carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

n – the number of strains in the group

1 * – p < 0.05

Table VII

Results of multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

Oxford	ST	gltA	gyrB	gdhB	recA	cpn60	gpi	rpoD
Oxford	3272	1	12	56	1	1	385	26
Pasteur	ST	cpn60	fusA	gltA	pyrG	recA	rplB	rpoB
Pasteur	2520	3	2	2	2	3	4	95

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2024-017 | Journal eISSN: 2544-4646 | Journal ISSN: 1733-1331

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Language: English

Page range: 189 - 197

Submitted on: Dec 9, 2023

Accepted on: Mar 28, 2024

Published on: May 29, 2024

Published by: Polish Society of Microbiologists

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

integron,

virulence gene,

carbapenem,

antimicrobial resistance,

Acinetobacter baumannii

Related subjects:

Life sciences,

Microbiology and virology

© 2024 Yu Xiu, Yueru Dai, Shasha Yin, Quhao Wei, published by Polish Society of Microbiologists
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 73 (2024): Issue 2 (June 2024)

Analysis of the Class 1 Integrons, Carbapenemase Genes and Biofilm Formation Genes Occurrence in Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates

Figures & Tables

Table I

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Table II

Table III

Table IV

Table V

Table VI

Table VII

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