Evaluating Modern Technologies and Practices for Strengthening Organizational Crisis Preparedness

Technology use enables fast information gathering, advanced real-time monitoring and analytics, and better crisis management in all of its phases (Mizrak, 2024; Krichen et al., 2024; Ray et al., 2024).

Technologies provide more effective preparedness and timely dissemination of information through social media, early warning systems, crisis detection, and help in response and decision making, especially in the management of natural disasters (Krichen et al., 2024; Abid et al., 2021).

AI-driven tools provide organizations with real-time monitoring, forecasting, and analysis of large sources of data; detection of trends and public sentiment analysis of social media and the online environment; and enable proactive response and adaptive strategies (Yue and Shyu, 2024; Jeong and Park, 2023; Teixeira et al., 2025; Rainer et al., 2024).

Social media assists disaster recovery by supporting communities real-time communication needs, fostering resilience and social cohesion building, and supporting mental health, as well as business and economic recovery (Ogie et al., 2022).

The generative AI approach to crisis simulations enables dynamic forward looking decision making, where various decision options can be considered (Vargas and Melo, 2023).

Partnerships among the public sector, private sector, and community organizations improve crisis response to various emergencies, such as health crises, and strengthen resilience (World Health Organization, 2017).

AI-driven chatbot enables fast, time saving, and efficient crisis detection and automated communication response (Ray et al., 2024; Urbanelli et al., 2024; Labaš et al., 2023).

The use and benefits of blockchain in disaster management and humanitarian operations management are especially in improving transparency, data sharing and security, collaboration, and efficiency of responses (Hunt et al., 2021; Krichen et al., 2024; Treiblmaier and Rajeb, 2023).

Respect for privacy laws, security, ethics, responsibility, transparency, and data governance are relevant in order to earn the public trust (Velev and Zlateva, 2023; Otal and Canbaz, 2024).

AI limitations in crisis management include authenticity of information, deepfake identification challenges, AI hallucinations, ethical use of AI tools, AI bias, and overreliance on AI-based conclusions without critical assessment, which can cause reputation damage to an organization (Yue and Shyu, 2024; Caballar, 2024).

Challenges in the use of AI tools concern reliability, data quality, accountability, transparency, and scalability as they impact the quality and rationale of AI tools for decision making in crisis management. Another set of challenges is of an environmental nature, where AI training causes high energy consumption and produces carbon emissions, raising sustainability issues. The development of AI for crisis management presents new risks and potential system vulnerabilities (Rainer et al., 2024; Caballar, 2024).

AI strategic external communication challenges can include mistakes in content, ethical use, inadequate transparency and disclosure (Ray et al., 2024).

AI can make mistakes that might be critical if undetected particularly in emergency management (Segal, 2025).

Responsible use of AI in crisis management can raise issues. Accordingly, equity and fairness, algorithmic biases in data, explainability and transparency, accountability and credibility, inter-organizational coordination and public involvement, and information privacy and security should be addressed (Lee et al., 2022; Rakova et al., 2021).

Implementation costs and specialized knowledge and skills are notable challenges of technology use in crisis management (Krichen et al., 2024).

Forming preemptive crisis management strategies that combine the use of big data, AI, IoT and blockchain technologies for managing crises, improving data transparency, decision-making and gaining strategic advantages (Yue and Shyu, 2024).

Foster open two-way communication that contributes to employees greater contribution to the higher safety, resilience, and readiness of the organization through risk detection, innovation, and mitigation of problems (Zeng et al., 2024).

Crisis professionals should carefully plan and conduct a social media communication strategy and be aware of associated risks (Malecki et al., 2021).

Chatbots and virtual assistants can improve communication, serve as an early warning system, and foster collaboration and sharing of information with stakeholders (Urbanelli et al., 2024; Labaš et al., 2023). Chatbots are perceived by stakeholders as useful in strategic crisis communication, particularly in drafting and conveying messages (Xiao and Yu, 2025; Stieglitz et al., 2022).

AI tools contribute to better decision making, but should not replace the human decision making and supervision of AI use (Segal, 2025; Vanvaria and Kapoor, 2024).

Investments in research and development and joint stakeholder efforts are needed to more ethically and efficiently use AI in disaster management (Velev and Zlateva, 2023).

Setting an ethical AI framework and governance within the organization, along with informing employees and effective leadership, is an adequate way to start mitigating AI challenges (Caballar, 2024; Zeng et al., 2024).

Sustainable crisis innovations and digital transformation should be supported by flexible internal structures that enable digital transformation (Reuschl et al., 2022).

Technological, societal, and organizational innovations contribute to improved crisis management strategies, resilience, and flexibility in businesses and governments (Sharma et al., 2022; Mizrak 2024).

Alliance building, accompanied by digital transformation capabilities, develops agile and adaptable supply chains in times of crisis (Dubey, 2024).

Inter-organizational crisis exercises improve joint response, assess capacities, and develop crisis training and preparedness goals (Johansson and Eriksson, 2024).