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Unveiling Hidden Challenges in Public Projects: Leadership through the Lens of Top-Management Cover

Unveiling Hidden Challenges in Public Projects: Leadership through the Lens of Top-Management

Open Access
|Dec 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Theoretical model
Source: Zadaa et al (2023).
Theoretical model Source: Zadaa et al (2023).

Figure 2

Dynamic nature of leadership
Source: Authors.
Dynamic nature of leadership Source: Authors.

Figure 3

Research results through cognitive mapping
Source: Authors.
Research results through cognitive mapping Source: Authors.

Elements of the questionnaire

No.1Section 1. About respondent
  • What is your current position?

  • How many years of experience do you have in public sector projects?

  • Your birth year.

No. 2Section 2. Concept of the upper echelon perspective in public sector
  • Could you think of few competences that are in your private and professional opinion important for the leader in public service level?

  • What do you think about 21st century skills in public administration? Those are the one that are based on deep learning skills (critical thinking, problem solving and teamwork) and consist of a combination of soft skills (interaction, teamwork, information processing and people management) and technical skills.

  • What kind of support do you offer to your team?

  • How do you define leadership?

  • What are the biggest management challenges in the public sector?

  • In which way would you improve leadership in the public sector?

  • Could you please reflect on the extent to which you have freedom to make radical changes in your department?

  • Could you reflect on the raising percentage of penalties (year by year and it is growing) that Croatia needs to give back to European Commission? How can we improve? What do we need to change?

No. 3Section 3. Concept of effectiveness of project management in public sector
  • Could you please reflect on how goal clarity could lead to more successful projects? Could you address any other criteria that are important to you personally?

  • Could you reflect how transparency, regulation, and good network governance could lead to more successful projects?

  • What do you think is the effect of public projects funded by EU on society, business and general quality of life in Croatia?

  • Do you notice an improvement in your life due to the use of EU funds?

  • Do you think that knowledge about project management standards is useful when preparing or implementing EU projects and public procurement?

  • In your opinion, which areas represent obstacles in the preparation and/or implementation of public projects (e.g. kindergarten)?

No. 4Section 4. Concept of effectiveness of project management in public sector
  • What do you think about implementing digital transformation tools in public service to transparently manage projects or include citizen engagement? Would you recommend any?

  • Does digitization have an impact on improving the management model in the public sector and how?

  • Could you please share examples of digital transformation in your sector? What do you think about data-driven decision making and process optimisation?

  • To what extent do individuals play a role in shaping the context within which digital transformation can take place?

  • Do you think it is increasingly important that an organisation has a culture of digital transformation?

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32676/n.11.1.10 | Journal eISSN: 1849-9066
Language: English
Published on: Dec 4, 2025
Published by: Notitia d.o.o
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2025 Maja-Marija Nahod, Sandra Matuhina, Martina Vukasina, published by Notitia d.o.o
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

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