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Interoperability: An Intertwined Phenomenon Requiring Multidimensional and Multilevel Coordination and Cooperation Cover

Interoperability: An Intertwined Phenomenon Requiring Multidimensional and Multilevel Coordination and Cooperation

By:   
Open Access
|Apr 2026

Figures & Tables

Table 1

Table of the Analysis.

FIRST-ORDER PERSPECTIVE: PHENOMENASECOND-ORDER PERSPECTIVE: LINK TO INTEROPERABILITYHOLISTIC VIEW OF INTEROPERABILITY
MILITARY-TO-MILITARY
Adaptivity
Development of national defence
MILITARY-TO-MILITARY
Joint military capabilities for operating together with the alliance in accordance with the principle of continuous learning
Interoperability as an intertwined phenomenon requiring multidimensional and multilevel coordination and cooperation.
POLITICAL-TO-COALITION
Challenges with coordination and exchange of information
Separate planning and evaluation processes
POLITICAL-TO-COALITION
Reconciliation of political and coalition objectives to realise policy planning and evaluation
 
NON-MILITARY-TO-MILITARY
Large number of actors with different objectives, logics and operating practices
Accountability within own siloed organization
NON-MILITARY-TO-MILITARY
Definition of a shared objective, reconciliation of the objectives and operating logics of different actors to enable coordinated activities
 
POLITICAL-TO-MILITARY
Strategic and NATO/EU efforts to exert influence in foreign and security policy are intertwined with military activities
POLITICAL-TO-MILITARY
Awareness of objectives at strategic level, increasing awareness of them to promote interoperability in line with strategic goals
 
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31374/sjms.364 | Journal eISSN: 2596-3856
Language: English
Page range: 174 - 190
Submitted on: Nov 22, 2024
Accepted on: Mar 3, 2026
Published on: Apr 1, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2026 Soili Paananen, published by Scandinavian Military Studies
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.