A Simple Insulated Monopole Sensor Technique for Determination of Moisture Content in Hevea Rubber Latex

Ansarudin, F.; Abbas, Z.; Hassan, J.; Yahaya, N. Z.; Ismail, M. A.

doi:10.2478/v10048-012-0034-5

Abstract

This paper describes the application of a SMA stub contact panel as an insulated monopole sensor for determination of moisture content in hevea rubber latex. Comparison results between measured and calculated reflection coefficient using King’s model are presented. Calibration equations relating moisture content to phase shift have been established in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 5 GHz. The accuracy of the technique was 1.3% when compared to actual moisture content obtained using the gravimetric method.

References

[1] Kupfer, K. (ed.) (2005). Electromagnetic Aquametry:Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water andMoist Substances. Springer.
Search in Google Scholar
[2] Poh, K.W. (1989). Developments of natural rubber latex. Production, properties, stability. Elastomerics, 12 (12), 12-15.
Search in Google Scholar
[3] Tomazic-Jezic, V.J., Beezhold, D.H., Hashim, H., Palosuo, T., Raulf-Heimsoth, M., Swanson, M., Hamilton, R.G. (2004). Performance of methods for the measurement of natural rubber latex (NRL) proteins, antigens andallergens. Journal of Allergy andClinical Immunology, 113 (78).10.1016/j.jaci.2003.12.255
Search in Google Scholar
[4] Chin, H.C. (1979). RRIM Training Manual onAnalytical Chemistry. Research Institute Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 67.
Search in Google Scholar
[5] Jayanthy, T., Sankaranarayanan, P.E. (2005). Measurement of dry rubber content in latex using microwave technique. Measurement Science Review, 5 (3), 50-54.
Search in Google Scholar
[6] Ghretli, M., Khalid, K., Grozescu, I.V., Sahri, H., Abbas, Z. (2007). Dual frequency microstrip antenna sensor for water content measurements independent of temperature variation. Measurement ScienceTechnology, 18, 1054-1060.10.1088/0957-0233/18/4/013
Search in Google Scholar
[7] Mohammadi, A., Khalid, K., Bafti, P.S., Homaiee, M. (2012). Development of microcontroller-based microwave system to measure solid content of hevea rubber latex. Measurement, 45 (3), 571-579.10.1016/j.measurement.2011.10.007
Search in Google Scholar
[8] Kim, L.K (2004). Development of a 500 MHzReflectometer Using Stripline Coupler for MoistureMeasurement of Oil Palm Fruits. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 61-87.
Search in Google Scholar
[9] Yeow, Y.K., Abbas, Z., Khalid, K. (2010). Application of microwave moisture sensor for determination of oil palm fruits ripenes. Measurement Science Review, 10 (1), 7-14.
Search in Google Scholar
[10] Jusoh, A., Abbas, Z., Azmi, B.Z., Hassan, J., Meng, C.E., Ahmad, A.F. (2011). A simple procedure to determine complex permittivity of moist materials using standard commercial sensor. MeasurementScience Review, 11 (1), 19-22.10.2478/v10048-011-0003-4
Search in Google Scholar
[11] Rouane, A., Koutiche, D. (2012). Characterization of microwave antennas for intracardiac ablation frequencies 915 and 2450 MHz. Measurement ScienceReview, 12 (1), 34-39.
Search in Google Scholar
[12] Trotec. (2009). T600 operating manual version 1. Trotec GmbH &Co., Germany.
Search in Google Scholar
[13] Ali, A.H., Abbas, Z., Hassan, J., Jusoh, A., Zahari, R.M. (2011). Microwave antenna sensing technique for determination of moisture content in hevea latex. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5 (11), 1326-1333.
Search in Google Scholar
[14] King, R.W.P., Lee, K.M., Glenn, S.S. (1974). Insulated linear antenna: Theory and experiment. Journal of Applied Physics, 45 (4), 1688-1697.10.1063/1.1663476
Search in Google Scholar
[15] Jumiah, H., Khalid, K., Daud, W.M. (1997). Microwave dielectric properties of hevea rubber latex in the temperature range of -30°C to 50°C. PertanikaJournal Science & Technology, 5 (2), 179-190.
Search in Google Scholar
[16] MS 466: Methods of Sampling and Testing FieldLatex. First Revision. (1987). Standard & Research Institute of Malaysia.
Search in Google Scholar
[17] Nyfors, E., Vainikainen, P. (1989). IndustrialMicrowave Sensors. Norwood, MA: Artech House.
Search in Google Scholar
[18] Or, D., Wraith, J.M. (1999). Temperature effects on bulk dielectric permittivity measured by time domain reflectometry: A physical model. Water ResourcesResearch, 35, 371-383.10.1029/1998WR900008
Search in Google Scholar
[19] Pyper, J.W., Buettner, H.M., Cerjan, C.J., Hallam, J.S., King, R.J. (1985). The measurement of bound and free moisture in organic materials by microwave methods. In Proceedings of the International Symposium onMoisture & Humidity, 15-18 April, 1985.
Search in Google Scholar

A Simple Insulated Monopole Sensor Technique for Determination of Moisture Content in Hevea Rubber Latex

Abstract

Paradigm

My account