Figure 1
Randomized controlled trials of M-TEER highlighting differences in inclusion criteria and key outcomes for the composite end point of HF hospitalization, mortality, and quality of life.
Figure 2
Preprocedural TOE assessment in a case of SMR. (a) X-plane bicommissural and LV long-axis view (67°/157°); (b) measurement of the posterior leaflet, showing adequate length for device grasping; (c) 3D reconstruction of the mitral valve, en face (surgical) view; (d) 3D reconstruction demonstrating severe SMR due to leaflet restriction, with a centrally originating jet directed posteriorly; (e) evaluation of septal puncture feasibility; (f) multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) for calculation of the anatomical MVA.
Figure 3
Imagistic Criteria for Selection of Patients Eligible for M-TEER.
Figure 4
Intraprocedural TOE guidance during TEER for SMR. (a) Transseptal puncture in the aortic valve short-axis view (45°); (b) advancement and steering of the catheter towards the mitral plane; (c) catheter orientation perpendicular to the mitral plane, followed by valve crossing and leaflet grasping; (d), (f) device positioned above the mitral annulus, perpendicular to the leaflet coaptation line, typically at the origin of the regurgitant jet, which is reduced after device deployment; (e), (g) 3D reconstruction of the mitral valve, en face (surgical) view, after device deployment.