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All roads lead to the heart, but not always. A complex case of a hemodialysis patient requiring permanent cardiac pacing, with no vascular access for either conventional or leadless pacemaker implantation Cover

All roads lead to the heart, but not always. A complex case of a hemodialysis patient requiring permanent cardiac pacing, with no vascular access for either conventional or leadless pacemaker implantation

Open Access
|Jan 2026

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Atrial fibrillation, left bundle branch block.

Figure 2

1 A, B Annular calcification extending to the mitral-aortic continuity and aortic root; 2 A-Important left ventricular hypertrophy; B-Toothpaste tumour.

Figure 3

1- Oclussion VCS due to ‘forgotten* dialysis catheter; 2 - Stenosis and oclussion of inferior vena cava and collateral circulation between the left common iliac vein and the left renal vein.

Figure 4

3- Important collateral circulation thoraco-abdominal; 4- Important collateral circulation thoraco-abdominal.

Figure 5

X ray-pacemaker and epicardial lead placement.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjc-2025-0041 | Journal eISSN: 2734-6382 | Journal ISSN: 1220-658X
Language: English
Page range: 54 - 58
Published on: Jan 12, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2026 Demetra Emanuela Rotaru, Alexandru Achim, Bogdan Vasiliu, Irina Sandu, Stefan Horia Rosianu, published by Romanian Society of Cardiology
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.