Procedural and angiographic characteristics
| Proximal Radial Access | Distal Radial Access | |
|---|---|---|
| Nr of patients | 25 (50%) | 25 (50%) |
| PCI | 10 (20%) | 13 (26%) |
| Diagnostic Catheterization | 15 (30%) | 12 (24%) |
| Procedural time, (min) | 24,5 ± 19,9 | 26,7 ± 11,6 min |
| Contrast amount, (ml) | 180 ± 89 | 177 ± 68 |
| Left side access | 2 (4%) | 1 (2%) |
| Introducers and Catheters | ||
| 5Fr Introducer (n) | Per group 16 (32%) | 18 (36%) |
| 6Fr Introducer (n) | 16 (32%) | 0 (0%) |
| 5Fr Catheter (n) | 11 (22%) | 10 (20%) |
| Therapeutic guide catheters used, (n) | ||
| 6Fr Catheter (n) | 12 (24%) | 14 (28%) |
| 7Fr Catheter (n) | 0 (0%) | 3 (6%) |
| Sheathless procedures (n) | 0 (0%) | 13 (26%) |
| Railway Dilator used (n) | 1 (2%) | 12 (24%) |
| 6Fr Railway Dilator (n) | 1 (2%) | 9 (18%) |
| 7Fr Railway Dilator (n) | 0 (0%) | 3 (6%) |
Clinical Outcomes at 30 days
| Clinical Outcomes at 24 hours | Proximal Radial Access | Distal Radial Access |
|---|---|---|
| Radial occlusion | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Major access site complication | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Haematoma ≥ 2 cm | 2 (4%) | 1 (2%) |
| In-hospital major bleeding | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Procedural pain score | 2,8 ± 2,9 | 3,1 ± 2,1 |
| Cross over to other access site | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Severe radial artery spasm | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Baseline Characteristics
| Baseline Characteristics | Proximal Radial Artery Access | Distal Radial Artery Access |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients | 25 (50%) | 25 (50%) |
| Age (years) | 64,74 ± 10,3 | 65,14 ± 8,3 |
| Males | 13 (26%) | 15 (30%) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28,7 ± 5,5 | 29,3 ± 4,8 |
| Diabetes | 6 (12%) | 5 (10%) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 24 (48%) | 19 (38%) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 227 ± 112 | 217 ± 98 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 190 ± 52 | 183 ± 45 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 56 ± 29 | 54 ± 25 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 135 ± 29 | 141 ± 22 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 44 ± 3 | 47 ± 4 |
| Hypertension | 16 (32%) | 20 (40%) |
| Chronic kidney disease (CrCl < 60 ml/min/m2) | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) |
| Acute coronary syndrome | 4 (8%) | 7 (14%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 3 (6%) | 1 (2%) |
| Tobacco abuse | 6 (12%) | 2 (4%) |
| Previous Stroke | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) |
| Prior PCI | 12 (24%) | 13 (26%) |
| Prior CABG | 2 (4%) | 1 (2%) |
| EF < 50 % | 3 (6%) | 1 (2%) |
| Medications | ||
| Aspirine (%) | 15 (30%) | 22 (44%) |
| Clopidogrel (%) | 9 (18%) | 7 (14%) |
| Beta Blockers (%) | 14 (28%) | 11 (22%) |
| Nitrates (%) | 8 (16%) | 5 (10%) |
| Statins (%) | 21 (42%) | 17 (34%) |
| ACE inhibitors (%) | 8 (16%) | 12 (24%) |
| Calcium-channel blockers (%) | 8 (16%) | 3 (6%) |
| SBP, mmHg | 134,4 ± 19,6 | 144,4 ± 18,6 |
| DBP, mmHg | 77,3 ± 11,7 | 76,4 ± 10,7 |
| HR, bpm | 75,0 ± 13,9 | 74,1 ± 12,9 |