Figure 1
Frequency of left and right coronary artery anomalies.
Table 1
Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with coronary anomalies
| • Age | 65 (42–81) | |
| • Gender | Female | 59% |
| Male | ||
| • Presenting symptoms | ||
| Typical chest pain | 32.25% | |
| Atypical chest pain | 61.29% | |
| No chest pain | 6.46% | |
| Presenting with STEMI | 6.45% | |
| Presenting with NSTE-ACS | 6.45% | |
| • Risk factors | ||
| Hypertension | 77.4% | |
| Diabetes | 16.12% | |
| Dyslipidemia | 64.51% | |
| Smoking | 25.8% | |
| • Underling cardiac problems | ||
| Previous myocardial infarction | 16.12% | |
| Previous coronary intervention | 25.8% | |
| Previous dilated cardiomyopathy | 19.35% | |
| Valvular heart disease (at least moderate severity) | 35.5% | |
[i] STEMI – ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, NSTE-ACS – non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
Figure 2
Types of coronary lesions between patients with coronary artery anomalies.
Figure 3
Anomalous origin of left circumflex artery from the right coronary artery.
Figure 4
Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from right coronary sinus of Valsalva [8].
Figure 5
Anomalous origin of right coronary artery from the left anterior descending artery.
Table 2
Annuary incidence of different types of coronary artery anomalies
| Type of coronary artery anomaly | Number | Incidence among 5832 (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anomalous origin of LCx from the RCA | 12 | 0.205% | |
| Anomalous origin of RCA from right coronary sinus of Valsalva | 6 | 0.102% | |
| Anomalous origin of RCA from left coronary sinus of Valsalva | 3 | 0.051% | |
| Anomalous origin of LCA from right coronary sinus of Valsalva (figure 4) | 1 | 0.017% | |
| Fistulas | LCx to left atrium | 1 | 0.017% |
| LCx to pulmonary artery | 2 | 0.034% | |
| LAD to pulmonary artery | 1 | 0.017% | |
| Anomalous origin of marginal branch from right coronary sinus of Valsalva | 1 | 0.017% | |
| Anomalous origin of RCA from the LAD | 1 | 0.017% | |
| Anomalous origin of LAD from right coronary sinus of Valsalva | 1 | 0.017% | |
| Anomalous origin of LAD from the RCA | 1 | 0.017% | |
| Anomalous origin of LCx from right coronary sinus of Valsalva | 1 | 0.017% | |
[i] LCx – left circumflex artery, RCA – right coronary artery, LCA – left coronary artery, LAD – left anterior descending artery