| 1 | Bennett et al. (18). | United States | Retrospective cohort | January 1992–December 2012 | 3084 | Mean: 57.52 years (SD: 7.32) | COPD patients, excluding those with α-1 antitrypsin deficiency | SLT (n = 206 + 4408), BLT (n = 30 + 2848) | Post-transplant SR |
| 2 | Cano et al. (19). | Spain | Retrospective cohort | October 1993–November 2007 | 63 | Mean: 53 years (Range:25–65) | Severe COPD requiring transplantation | SLT (n = 28), BLT (n = 35) | Surgical and long-term complications; post-transplant survival rates |
| 3 | Crawford et al. (20). | United States | Retrospective cohort | May 2005–December 2014 | 3554 | Mean single transplant: 62 years (SD: 5) Mean double transplant: 60 years (SD: 6) | COPD | SLT (n = 1358), BLT (n = 2196) | Post-transplant SR and prognostic factors of mortality |
| 4 | De Miguel-Diez et al. (21). | Spain | Retrospective cohort | 2001–2015 | 2896 | Mean 55.41 years (SD: 8.6) | ICD9 codes for COPD; focus on advanced COPD | SLT (36.78%), BLT (61.47%), non-specified (1.75%) | Complications, in-hospital mortality risk factors |
| 5 | De Miguel-Diez et al. (22). | Spain | Retrospective cohort | January 2016–December 2020 | 704 | Mean 58.07 (SD: 7.73) | ICD-10 code for COPD | SLT (31.68%), BLT (68.32%) | Complications, lung transplant rejection, in-hospital mortality risk factors |
| 6 | De Pablo et al. (17). | Spain | Retrospective cohort | February 1993–November 1997 | 74 | Mean SLT: 48 (SD: 7)Mean BLT: 46 (SD: 7) | COPD: clinical-radiological diagnosis of emphysema (including due to alpha-1-antitrypsin) or chronic bronchitis | SLT (n = 30), BLT (n = 44) | Post-transplant SR, lung function |
| 7 | Duffy et al. (23). | United States | Retrospective cohort | May 2001–June 2014 | 3405 | Mean agent-induced group: 60.7 (SD: 6.3), Mean non-induced group: 60.4 (SD: 6.0) | COPD | Receiving induction (n = 1761), not receiving induction (n = 1146) | Prognostic factors of mortality |
| 8 | Gaissert et al. (24). | United States | Retrospective cohort | March 1989–April 1994 | 64 | Mean SLT: 55Mean BLT: 49 | COPD patients, excluding those with α-1 antitrypsin deficiency | SLT (n = 39), BLT (0 = 25) | Post-transplant survival rate and lung function |
| 9 | Güneş et al. (25). | Australia | Retrospective cohort | 1989–2003 | 173 | Mean 50 (SD: 6) | Emphysema (n = 112) and AATD (n = 61) | SLT (n = 99), BLT (n = 66), HLT (n = 8) | Post-transplant SR, post-transplant SR |
| 10 | Hadjiliadis et al. (26). | United States and Canada | Retrospective cohort | January 1983–December 2000 | 221 | Mean SLT: 55.3 (SD: 8.0)Mean BLT: 53.0 (SD: 7.8) | COPD and AATD | SLT(n = 118), BLT(n = 103) | Post-transplant SR, freedom from BOS |
| 11 | Hayes et al. (27). | United States | Retrospective cohort | May 2005–September 2013 | 3105 | Mean 59.6 (SD: 6.2) | COPD with severe pulmonary hypertension | SLT (40%), BLT (60%) | Post-transplant survival and prognostic factors of mortality |
| 12 | Lahzami et al. (28). | Switzerland | Retrospective cohort | 1993–2007 | 54 | Mean 55 (SD: 6) | Non-AATD related COPD | SLT (35%), BLT (65%) | Post-transplant SR |
| 13 | Latos et al. (15). | Poland | Retrospective cohort | 2006–2018 | 40 | Not specified | End-stage COPD as per ISHLT guidelines | SLT (42.5%), BLT (57.5%) | Post-transplant SR, lung function improvement (FEV1 and FVC), 6MWT results |
| 14 | Mutyala et al. (29). | United States | Retrospective cohort | February 2012–March 2020 | 186 | Mean SLT: 65.3 (SD: 5.9)Mean BLT: 63.2 (SD: 7.1) | COPD | SLT (n = 115), BLT (n = 71) | Prognostic factors of mortality |
| 15 | Navarro et al. (13, 14). | Spain | Retrospective cohort | 1991–2008 | 107 | Mean: 52.58 (SD: 8.05) | COPD and AATD | SLT (n = 31), BLT (n = 76) | Post-transplant SR, surgical complications, BOS status, lung function test |
| 16 | Nunley et al. (30). | United States | Retrospective and prospective cohort | Not specified | 17 | Mean: 57 (SD: 6.11) | COPD (emphysema/chronic bronchitis) and AATD with history of smoking | All patients underwent SLT. | Post-transplant SR |
| 17 | Singh et al. (31). | United States | Retrospective cohort | May 2005–June 2010 | 2025 | Median 60 years (IQR 56-64) | COPD patients, excluding those with α-1 antitrypsin deficiency | SLT (44.4%), BLT (55.6%) | 1-year post-transplant mortality, prognostic factors of mortality |
| 18 | Stavern et al. (32). | Norway | Retrospective cohort | 1990–June 2003 | 219 | Mean 49 (SD: 10) | COPD/emphysema, including AATD | SLT (n = 70), and BLT (n = 56) | Prognostic factors of mortality ≤90 and >90 days after transplantation |
| 19 | Tanash et al. (33). | Sweden | Retrospective cohort | 1990–2012 | 342 | Median 55 (Range:32–70) | COPD, analysed AATD and non-AATD subgroups | SLT (71 %) | Prognostic factors of mortality, median survival |
| 20 | Thabut et al. (34). | United States | Retrospective cohort | 1987–2004 | 5873 | Mean: 56 (7.1) | COPD/emphysema (including AATD) | SLT (72.2%) | Prognostic factors of mortality, median survival |
| 21 | Türkkan et al. (16). | Turkey | Retrospective cohort | March 2013–January 2023 | 34 | Median 57 (Range:34–69) | COPD | SLT (n = 3), BLT (n = 30) | Post-transplant clinical results |
| 22 | Zeriouh et al. (35). | UK, Germany | Retrospective cohort | January 2007–November 2013 | 88 | Mean 54.3 (SD: 6.8) | COPD, emphysema, exclusion of alpha-1-antitrypsin | SLT (n = 12), BLT (n = 76) | Cumulative survival; freedom from BOS survival |
