References
- Nobre ML, Sarmento ACA, de Oliveira PF, Wanderley FF, Diniz Júnior J, Gonçalves AK. Pharmacological treatment for obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2024;79: 100330. doi:10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100330
- Slowik JM, Sankari A, Collen JF. Obstructive sleep apnea. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2025.
- Abbasi A, Gupta SS, Sabharwal N, Meghrajani V, Sharma S, Kamholz S, et al. A comprehensive review of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Science. 2021;14(2): 142–154. doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20200056
- Iannella G, Magliulo G, Greco A, de Vincentiis M, Ralli M, Maniaci A, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: from symptoms to treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(4): 2459. doi:10.3390/ijerph19042459
- Turnbull CD, Stradling JR. Endotyping, phenotyping and personalised therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea: are we there yet? Thorax. 2023;78(7): 726–732. doi:10.1136/thorax-2023-220037
- Malhotra A, Mesarwi O, Pepin JL, Owens RL. Endotypes and phenotypes in obstructive sleep apnea. Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine. 2020;26(6): 609–614. doi:10.1097/MCP.0000000000000724
- Taranto-Montemurro L, Messineo L, Wellman A. Targeting endotypic traits with medications for the pharmacological treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. A review of the current literature. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019;8(11): 1846. doi:10.3390/jcm8111846
- Dutta R, Delaney G, Toson B, Jordan AS, White DP, Wellman A, et al. A novel model to estimate key obstructive sleep apnea endotypes from standard polysomnography and clinical data and their contribution to obstructive sleep apnea severity. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2021;18(4): 656–667. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202001-064OC
- Wang X, Zhou T, Huang W, Zhang J, Zou J, Guan J, et al. Differences in physiologic endotypes between nonpositional and positional OSA. Chest. 2024;166(1): 212–225. doi:10.1016/j. chest.2024.01.021
- Finnsson E, Arnardóttir E, Cheng WJ, Alex RM, Sigmarsdóttir ÞB, Helgason S, et al. Sleep apnea endotypes: from the physiological laboratory to scalable polysomnographic measures. Front Sleep. 2023;2: 1188052. doi:10.3389/frsle.2023.1188052
- Landry SA, Beatty C, Thomson LDJ, Wong AM, Edwards BA, Hamilton GS, et al. A review of supine position related obstructive sleep apnea: classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2023;72: 101847. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101847
- Jang J, Ju H, Jeon H, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea: pathophysiology and treatment. Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain. 2024;49(4): 71–78. doi:10.14476/jomp.2024.49.4.71
- Brooker EJ, Landry SA, Thomson LDJ, Hamilton GS, Genta PR, Drummond SPA, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is a distinct physiological endotype in individuals with comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2023;20(10): 1508–1515. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202304-350OC
- Brooker EJ, Landry SA, Mann D, Prguda E, McLeay SC, Drummond SPA, et al. The obstructive sleep apnoea endotypes are similar in elderly trauma-exposed veterans with and without diagnosed PTSD. Sleep Medicine. 2024;115: 48–54. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.02.006
- Sanchez-Azofra A, Malhotra A, Owens RL, Healy WJ. Obstructive sleep apnea: pathophysiology and endotypes. ATS Scholar. 2023;4(4): 567–568. doi:10.34197/ats-scholar.2023-0022OT
- Randerath W, de Lange J, Hedner J, Ho JPTF, Marklund M, Schiza S, et al. Current and novel treatment options for obstructive sleep apnoea. ERJ Open Research. 2022;8(2): 00126–2022. doi:10.1183/23120541.00126-2022
- Eckert DJ, White DP, Jordan AS, Malhotra A, Wellman A. Defining phenotypic causes of obstructive sleep apnea. Identification of novel therapeutic targets. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2013;188(8): 996–1004. doi:10.1164/rccm.201303-0448OC
- Schmickl CN, Owens RL, Edwards BA, et al. OSA endotypes: what are they and what are their potential clinical implications? Current Sleep Medicine Reports. 2018;4: 231–242. doi:10.1007/s40675-018-0121-8
- Raphelson JR, Fuentes AL, Holloway B, Malhotra A. Obstructive sleep apnea endophenotypes. Sleep Science. 2024;18(1): e109–e113. doi:10.1055/s-0044-1788287