References
- APHA (2002). Standard Methods for the Examination of Waters and Wastewaters, 21st ed. USA, Washington: American Public Health Association.
- Aboal, M. (1985). Aportación al conocimiento de las algas del SE de España. I. Caráceas (CHARACEAE). Anales de Biología, Biología Vegetal 1: 7–17.
- Ahmadi, A., Sheidai, A.M., Riahi, H. & van Raam, J.C. (2012). Some Charophytes (Characeae, Charophyta) from central and western of Iran including Chara kohrangiana species nova. Cryptogamie Algol. 33(4): 359–390. DOI: 10.7872/crya.v33.iss4.2012.359.
- Appelgren, K., Snickars, M. & Mattila, J. (2004). Chara connivens Saltzm. ex A. Braun 1835 found in the Aland archipelago – a new species to Finland. Memo. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 80: 11–13.
- Barinova, S. & Kukhaleishvili, L. (2014). Diversity and ecology of algae and cyanobacteria in the Aragvi River, Georgia. J. Biodivers. 113: 305–338.
- Barinova, S. & Romanov, R. (2015). Charophyte Communities in the Ein Afeq Natural Reserve, Israel. Nat. Res. Conserv. 3(2): 31–44. DOI: 10.13189/nrc.2015.030202.
- Becker, R. (2008). Die Armleuchteralgen (Characeae) des Weser-Ems-Gebietes. Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge 19: 43–55.
- Becker, R. (2010). Bemerkenswerte Characeen-Funde in Nordwest-Deutschland. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen 46(3): 409–418.
- Becker, R., Blindow, I., Doege, A., Franke, T., Gregor, T. et al. (2016). Beschreibung der Characeen-Arten Deutschlands. Berlin, Germany: Springer Spektrum.
- Blindow, I. (1988). Faktablad, kransalger. ArtDatabanken, Swedish threatened species unit. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.dha.slu.se
- Blindow, I. (2000). Distribution of charophytes along the Swedish coast in relation to salinity and eutrophication. Int. Rev. Hydrobiol. 85: 707–717. DOI: 10.1002/1522-2632(200011)85:5/6<;707::AID-IROH 707>3.0.CO;2-W.
- Blindow, I. (2008). Åtgärdsprogram för bevarande av hotade kransalger. V. Tuvsträfse och barklöst sträfse 2008–2011. Naturvårdsverket, Stockholm. (Rapport 5851).
- Bryant, J.A. & Stewart, N.F. (2002). Order Charales. In D.M. John, B.A. Whitton & A.J. Brook (Eds.), The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles. An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae (pp. 593–612). London, GB: Cambridge University Press.
- Bryant, J.A. & Stewart, N.F. (2011). Phylum Chlorophyta. Order Charales. In D.M. John, B.A. Whitton & A.J. Brook (Eds.), The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles. An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae (pp. 742–765). London, GB: Cambridge University Press.
- Brzeska, P., Wozniczka, A., Pełechaty, M. & Blindow, I. (2015). New records of Chara connivens Salzm. ex A. Braun 1835 – an extremely rare and protected species in Polish brackish waters. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 84(1): 143–146. DOI: 10.5586/asbp.2015.010.
- Bruinsma, J. (2000). Distribution (1986–1999) of Characeae in the Dutch Province North Brabant. Systematics and Geography of Plants 70(2): 421–427. DOI: 10.2307/3668654.
- Bruinsma, J., Denys, L., Krause W., Mes, R., Nat E. et al. (2018). Determinatietabel van Kranswieren van de Benelux. Nederlands: Jeugdbondsuitgeverij.
- Cambra Sánchez, J., Álvarez Cobelas, M. & Aboal Sanjurjo, M. (1998). Lista florística y bibliográfica de los clorófitos (Chlorophyta) de la Península Ibérica, Islas Baleares e Islas Canarias. Burgos: Asociación Española de Limnología.
- Caraus, I. (2002). The algae of Romania. Studii si Cercetari Univer. Bacau Biol. 7: 1–694.
- Caraus, I. (2012). Algae of Romania. A distributional checklist of actual algae. Version 2.3, Romania, Bacau: University of Bacau.
- Caraus, I. (2017). Algae of Romania. A distributional checklist of actual algae. Version 2.4. Studii si Cercetari Univer. Bacau Biol. 7: 1–1002.
- Cirujano, S., Cambra, J., Sánchez Castillo, P.M., Meco, A. & Flor Arnau, N. (2008). Flora ibérica algas continentales. Carófitos (Characeae). Spain, Madrid: Real Jardín Botánico.
- Corillion, R. (1957). Les charophycées de France et d'Europe occidentale. France, Bretonne: Travaux – Laboratoire de Botanique de la Faculté des Sciences d'Angers. DOI: 10.2307/2482664.
- DAISIE (2006). Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.europe-aliens.org/
- Dąmbska, I. (1964). Charophyta. Vol. 16, Poland, Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers.
- del Arco Aguilar, M.J. & Rodríguez Delgado, O. (2018). Vegetation of the Canary Islands. Plant and Vegetation. Vol. 16. Switzerland: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77255-4.
- del Pozo, R., Fernández-Aláez, C., Fernández-Aláez, M. & Natividad-Felisa, S. (2011). Assessment of eutrophication effects on charophytes in Mediterranean ponds (North-Western Spain). Arch. Hydrobiol. 178(3): 257–264. DOI: 10.1127/1863-9135/2011/0178-0257.
- Drake, J.A. (2009). Handbook of Alien Species in Europe. Netherlands: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8280-1.
- Drobnik, J. (2007). Zielnik i zielnikoznastwo. Warszawa: PWN.
- Espinar, J.L., Garcia, L. Garcia, V., Murillo, P. & Toja, J. (2002). Submerged macrophyte zonation in a Mediterranean salt marsh: a facilitation effect from established helophytes? J. Veg. Sci. 13: 831–840. DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02112.x.
- Felzines, J.C. & Lambert, É. (2012). Contribution au prodrome des végétations de France: les Charetea fragilis F. Fukarek 1961. J. Bot. Soc. Bot. Fr. 59: 133–188.
- Gil-Rodríguez, M.C., Beltrán Tejera, E. & Wildpret de la Torre, W. (1982). Chara connivens Salzm. ex Braun, un nuevo taxon para la flora ficologica de las Islas Canarias. Vieraea 11: 51–56.
- Gilroy, P. (2001). Herbarium specimens imaging protocol. New Mexico, USA: University of New Mexico, Museum of Southwestern Biology.
- Graham, L.D. & Wilcox, L.W. (2000). Algae. New York: Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River.
- Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2019). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.algaebase.org
- Gupta, R.K. (2012). Algae of India. A checklist of Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae. Chrysophyceae and Euglenophyceae. India: Botanical Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests.
- Heinzel, Gettner, GFN (2010). Monitoring der Qualitätskomponente Makrophyten. Phytobenthos für WRRL und FFH-RL in schleswig-holsteinischen Seen. Endbericht Unveröffentlichtes Gutachten im Auftrag des Landesamtes für Landwirtschaft. Kiel: Umwelt und ländliche Räume.
- HELCOM (2013). Red List Macrophyte Expert Group. Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission – Helsinki Commission, Finland. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.helcom.fi
- Hy, F. (1913). Les Characées de France. Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 26: 1–47. DOI: 10.1080/00378941.1913.10839719.
- John, D.M., Whitton, B.A. & Brook, A.J. (2011). The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles. An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae. Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Kalmbach, K. (2011). Herbarium plant collection protocol. How to prepare herbarium specimens? USA, Denver: Denver Botanic Garden.
- Kautsky, H. & Snoeijs, P. (2004). Baltic Marine Biologists (BMB). In H. Kautsky & P. Snoeijs (Eds.) Biology of the Baltic Sea. Developments in Hydrobiology vol. 176 (pp. 271–271). Dordrecht: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0920-0-25.
- Kostkevičiene, J. & Sinkevičiene, Z. (2008). A preliminary checklist of Lithuanian macroalgae. Bot. Lit. 14(1): 11–27.
- Kotta, J., Torn, K., Martin, G., Orav-Kotta, H. & Paalme, T. (2004). Seasonal variation in invertebrate grazing on Chara connivens and C. tomentosa in Kõiguste Bay, NE Baltic Sea. Helgol. Mar. Res. 58: 71–76. DOI: 10.1007/s10152-003-0170-2.
- Korsch, H., Doege, A., Raabe, U. & van de Weyer, K. (2013). Rote Liste der Armleuchteralgen (Charophyceae) Deutschlands (3. Fassung). Germany: Haussknechtia, Beiheft.
- Krajewski, Ł., Pawlikowski, P., Gutowska, E., Jarzombkowski, F., Kauzal, P. et al. (2015). New data on the distribution and habitat conditions of stoneworts (Characeae) in Poland (2010–2012) including protected areas and lands involved in agri-environmental programmes. Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie 15(2): 65–85.
- Krause, W. (1969). Zur Characeenvegetation der Oberrheinebene Arch. Hydrobiol. 2: 202–253.
- Krause, W. (1981). Characeen als Bioindikatoren für den Gewässerzustand. Limnologica 13(2): 399–418.
- Krause, W. (1997). Charales (Charophyceae). In H. Ettl, G. Gärtner, H. Heynig, H. & D. Mollenhauer (Eds.) Sübwasserflora von Mitteleuropa vol. 18. (pp. 202–210). Stuttgart: Fischer.
- Lambert-Servien, E., Clemenceau, G., Gabory, O., Douillard, E. & Haury, J. (2006). Stoneworts (Characeae) and associated macrophyte species as indicators of water quality and human activities in the Pays-de-la-Loire region, France. Hydrobiologia 570: 107–115. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-006-0169-1.
- Langangen, A. (2007). Charophytes of the Nordic countries. Oslo: Saeculum ANS.
- Langangen, A. (2010). Some charophytes (Charales) collected on the island of Evia, Greece, in 2009. Flora Mediterranea 20: 149–157.
- Langangen, A. (2012). Charophytes (Charales) from Crete (Greece) collected in 2010. Flora Mediterranea 22: 25–32.
- Ludwig, G. & Schnittler, M. (1996). Rote Liste gefährdeter Pflanzen Deutschlands. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde 28: 1–744.
- Luther, H. (1979). Chara connivens in the Baltic Sea area. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 16: 141–150.
- Martin, G., Torn, K., Blindow, I., Schubert, H., Munsterhjelm, R. et al. (2003). Introduction to charophytes. In H. Schubert & I. Blindow (Eds.), Charophytes of the Baltic Sea (pp. 3–14). Berlin: Gantner Verlag.
- Moore, J.A. (1986). Charophytes of Great Britain and Ireland. B.S.B.I. Handbook No. 5. London: Botanical Society of the British Isles.
- Muller, S.D., Rhazi, L. & Soulie-Märsche, I. (2017). Diversity and distribution of Characeae in the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia). Crytogamie Algol. 38(3): 201–251. DOI: 10.7872/crya/v38.iss3.2017.201.
- Nat, E., Simons, J., de la Haye, M.A.A. & Coops, H. (1994). Watersysteemverkenningen 1996 – Historisch en actueel verspreidingsbeeld van kranswieren in Nederland in samenhang met waterkwaliteitsfactoren RIZA werkdocument, Bd. 94. Lelystad: Rijksinstituut voor Integraal Zoetwaterbeheer en Afvalwaterbehandeling.
- NOBANIS (2015). The European Network on Invasive Alien Species. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from https://www.nobanis.org/
- Pagad, S., Genovesi, P., Carnevali, L., Schigel, D. & McGeoch, M.A. (2018). Introducing the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species. Scientific Data 5: 170202. DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2017.202.
- Pełechaty, M. & Pukacz, A. (2008 Klucz do oznaczania gatunków ramienic (Characeae) w rzekach i jeziorach. Warszawa: Inspekcja Ochrony Środowiska. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska.
- Reyes-Prósper, E. (1910). Las Carofitas de España singularmente las que crecen en sus estapas. Madrid: Imprenta Artística Española.
- Rip, W., Rawee, N. & de Jong, A. (2006). Alternation between clear, high-vegetation and turbid, low vegetation states in a shallow lake: the role of birds. Aquat. Bot. 85: 184–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.03.003.
- Romanov, R. & Barinova, S. (2012). The charophytes of Israel: historical and contemporary species richness, distribution, and ecology. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 25: 109–119. DOI: 10.2478/v10119-012-0015-4.
- Romanov, R.E., Chemeris, E.V., Zhakova, L.V., Ivanova, A.V. & Palagushkina, O.V. (2018a). The charophytes (Charales, Charophyceae) from the Middle Volga Region (Russia): synopsis of localities and species protection. Nat. Conserv. Res. 3(2): 1–20. DOI: 10.24189/ncr.2018.044.
- Romanov, R.E., Patova, E.N., Teteryuk, B.Y. & Chemeris, E.V. (2018b). Charophytes (Charales, Charophyceae) on the northeastern edge of Europe: is it something different across Northern Europe in their diversity and biogeography? Nova Hedwigia 147: 161–182. DOI: 10.1127/nova-suppl/2018/016.
- Rybak, A.S. (2015). Revision of herbarium specimens of freshwater Enteromorpha-like Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) collected from Central Europe during the years 1849–1959. Phytotaxa 218(1): 001–029. DOI:10.11646/phytotaxa.218.1.1.
- Rybak, A.S. (2018). The Ulva flexuosa complex (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta): An updated identification key with special reference to the freshwater and hyperhaline taxa. Phytotaxa 345(2): 83–103. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.1.
- Rybak, A.S. &. Gabka, M. (2018). The influence of abiotic factors on the bloom-forming alga Ulva flexuosa (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta): possibilities for the control of the green tides in freshwater ecosystems. J. App. Phycol. 30(2): 1405–1416. DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1301-5.
- Schaminée, J.H.J., Maier, E.X. & van Raam, J. (1995). Charteta fragilis. In J.H.J. Schaminée, E.J. Weeda & V. Westhoff (Eds.), De Vegetatie van Nederland (pp. 45–64). Uppsala: Opulus Press.
- Schmidt, D. (1994). Rote Liste der gefährdeten Armleuchteralgen, 1 Fassung. Gernamy: Schwerin.
- Schmitz, M.F., Arnaiz-Schmitz, C., Herrero-Jáuregui, C., Díaz, P., Matos, D.G. et al. (2018). People and nature in the Fuerteventura Biosphere Reserve (Canary Islands): socioecological relationships under climate change. Environ. Conserv. 45(1): 20–29. DOI: 10.1017/S0376892917000169.
- Schneider, S.C., Rodrigues, A., Moe, T.F. & Ballot, A. (2015). DNA barcoding the genus Chara: molecular evidence recovers fewer taxa than the classical morphological approach. J. Phycol. 51(2): 367–380. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12282.
- Schories, D., Selig, U. & Schubert, H. (2009). Species and synonym list of the German marine macroalgae based on historical and recent records. Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge 21: 7–135.
- Siemińska, J., Bąk, M., Dziedzic, J., Gąbka, M., Gregorowicz, P. et al. (2006). Red list of the algae in Poland. In Z. Mirek, K. Zarzycki, W. Wojewoda & Z. Szelag (Eds.), Red list of plants and fungi in Poland (pp. 37–52). Kraków: W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences.
- Simons, J. & Nat, E. (1996). Past and present distribution of stoneworts (Characeae) in The Netherlands. Hydrobiologia 340: 127–135. DOI: 10.1007/BF00012744.
- Simons, J., Ohm, M., Daalder, R., Boers, P. & Rip, W. (1994). Restoration of Botshol (The Netherlands) by reduction of external nutrient load: recovery of a characean community, dominated by Chara connivens. Hydrobiologia 275(1): 243–253. DOI: 10.1007/BF00026715.
- Skuja, H. (1928). Vorarbeiten zur einer Algenflora von Lettland. IV. Acta Horti Bot. Univ. Latv. 3: 103–218.
- Stewart, N.F. & Church, J.M. (1992). Red data books of Britain and Ireland: stoneworts. Joint Peterborough: Nature Conservation Committee.
- Temniskova, D., Stoyneva, M.P. & Kirjakov, I.K. (2008). Red list of the Bulgarian algae. I. Macroalgae. Phytol. Balcan. 14(2): 193–206.
- Teppke, M., Möbius, F., Schubert, H. & Spiess, H.J. (2015). Rote Liste der Armleuchteralgen (Charophyceae) Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns. Matthias Ministerium für Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Germany: Schwerin.
- Tolstoy, A. & Österlund, K. (2003). Alger vid Sveriges östersjökust – en fotoflora. Uppsala: ArtDatabanken, SLU and WWF.
- Torn, K. & Martin, G. (2003). Chara connivens Salzm. ex A. Braun 1835. In H. Schubert & I. Blindow (Eds.), Charophytes of the Baltic Sea (pp. 3–14). Berlin: Gantner Verlag.
- Torn, K., Martin, G., Kukk, H. & Trei, T. (2004). Distribution of charophyte species in Estonian coastal water (NE Baltic Sea). Sci. Mar. 68(1): 129–136.
- Torn, K., Kovtun-Kante, A., Herkül, K., Martin, G. & Mäemets, H. (2015). Distribution and predictive occurrence model of charophytes in Estonian waters. Aquat. Bot. 120(A): 142–149. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2014.05.005.
- Urbaniak, J. & Blaženčić, J. (2012). SEM study of oospore characteristics in endemic and endangered Balkan Charophytes. Cryptogamie Algol. 33(3): 277–288. DOI: 10.7872/crya.v33.iss3.2012.277.
- Urbaniak, J. & Gąbka, M. (2014). Polish charophytes. An illustrated guide to identification. Wrocław, Poland: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wrocławiu.
- van Raam, J.C. & Gonzalez-Henriquez, N. (1995). Note on the Characeae (Charophyta) of the Canary Islands. Bot. Macaronésica 21: 29–36.
- van Raam, J.C. (1998). Handboek Kranswieren. Hilversum: Drukkerij De Toekomst, Charaboek.
- WCSP (2019). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://wcsp.science.kew.org
- Wallström, K. & Persson, J. (1999). Kransalger och grunda havsvikar vid Uppsala läns kust: Upplandsstiftelsen. (Stencil Nr 17, 94).
- Wood, R.D. (1965). A revision of the Characeae. First Part. Monograph of the Characeae. Weinheim: Verlag von J Cramer.
- Zeneli, V. & Kashta, L. (2016). Some Charophyta (Charales) from Coastal Temporary Ponds in Velipoja Area (North Albania). J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 5: 69–77. DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2016.02.002.