Ecology and distribution patterns of Chara connivens (Charophyta, Characeae) on the Canary Islands – the first record from Fuerteventura

Rybak, Andrzej S.; Woyda-Ploszczyca, Andrzej M.

doi:10.2478/ohs-2019-0033

Abstract

The paper presents the first record of a Chara connivens (Characeae) stand from Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain). The species was previously recorded only on Tenerife and Lanzarote, mostly in marine and artificial habitats. Physicochemical parameters of water and morphological features of the thalli and plant community were analyzed. General habitat requirements of C. connivens populations located in Europe, North Africa, and South-West Asia were reviewed. The newly described stand was located in a natural rock crevice that was part of a riverbed in El Barranco de las Peñitas (Penitas Canyon). This habitat was unshaded and filled with brackish water. C. connivens co-occurred with Cladophora glomerata and Ruppia maritima. Our report on the presence of C. connivens in the Spanish territory of the Atlantic Ocean is the first in almost 40 years. The distribution of C. connivens and its plant associations on the Canary Archipelago are poorly explored, which is why this topic requires further research.

References

APHA (2002). Standard Methods for the Examination of Waters and Wastewaters, 21st ed. USA, Washington: American Public Health Association.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Aboal, M. (1985). Aportación al conocimiento de las algas del SE de España. I. Caráceas (CHARACEAE). Anales de Biología, Biología Vegetal 1: 7–17.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ahmadi, A., Sheidai, A.M., Riahi, H. & van Raam, J.C. (2012). Some Charophytes (Characeae, Charophyta) from central and western of Iran including Chara kohrangiana species nova. Cryptogamie Algol. 33(4): 359–390. DOI: 10.7872/crya.v33.iss4.2012.359.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Appelgren, K., Snickars, M. & Mattila, J. (2004). Chara connivens Saltzm. ex A. Braun 1835 found in the Aland archipelago – a new species to Finland. Memo. Soc. Fauna Flora Fenn. 80: 11–13.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Barinova, S. & Kukhaleishvili, L. (2014). Diversity and ecology of algae and cyanobacteria in the Aragvi River, Georgia. J. Biodivers. 113: 305–338.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Barinova, S. & Romanov, R. (2015). Charophyte Communities in the Ein Afeq Natural Reserve, Israel. Nat. Res. Conserv. 3(2): 31–44. DOI: 10.13189/nrc.2015.030202.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Becker, R. (2008). Die Armleuchteralgen (Characeae) des Weser-Ems-Gebietes. Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge 19: 43–55.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Becker, R. (2010). Bemerkenswerte Characeen-Funde in Nordwest-Deutschland. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen 46(3): 409–418.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Becker, R., Blindow, I., Doege, A., Franke, T., Gregor, T. et al. (2016). Beschreibung der Characeen-Arten Deutschlands. Berlin, Germany: Springer Spektrum.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Blindow, I. (1988). Faktablad, kransalger. ArtDatabanken, Swedish threatened species unit. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.dha.slu.se
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Blindow, I. (2000). Distribution of charophytes along the Swedish coast in relation to salinity and eutrophication. Int. Rev. Hydrobiol. 85: 707–717. DOI: 10.1002/1522-2632(200011)85:5/6<;707::AID-IROH 707>3.0.CO;2-W.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Blindow, I. (2008). Åtgärdsprogram för bevarande av hotade kransalger. V. Tuvsträfse och barklöst sträfse 2008–2011. Naturvårdsverket, Stockholm. (Rapport 5851).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bryant, J.A. & Stewart, N.F. (2002). Order Charales. In D.M. John, B.A. Whitton & A.J. Brook (Eds.), The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles. An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae (pp. 593–612). London, GB: Cambridge University Press.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bryant, J.A. & Stewart, N.F. (2011). Phylum Chlorophyta. Order Charales. In D.M. John, B.A. Whitton & A.J. Brook (Eds.), The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles. An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae (pp. 742–765). London, GB: Cambridge University Press.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Brzeska, P., Wozniczka, A., Pełechaty, M. & Blindow, I. (2015). New records of Chara connivens Salzm. ex A. Braun 1835 – an extremely rare and protected species in Polish brackish waters. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 84(1): 143–146. DOI: 10.5586/asbp.2015.010.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bruinsma, J. (2000). Distribution (1986–1999) of Characeae in the Dutch Province North Brabant. Systematics and Geography of Plants 70(2): 421–427. DOI: 10.2307/3668654.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bruinsma, J., Denys, L., Krause W., Mes, R., Nat E. et al. (2018). Determinatietabel van Kranswieren van de Benelux. Nederlands: Jeugdbondsuitgeverij.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cambra Sánchez, J., Álvarez Cobelas, M. & Aboal Sanjurjo, M. (1998). Lista florística y bibliográfica de los clorófitos (Chlorophyta) de la Península Ibérica, Islas Baleares e Islas Canarias. Burgos: Asociación Española de Limnología.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Caraus, I. (2002). The algae of Romania. Studii si Cercetari Univer. Bacau Biol. 7: 1–694.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Caraus, I. (2012). Algae of Romania. A distributional checklist of actual algae. Version 2.3, Romania, Bacau: University of Bacau.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Caraus, I. (2017). Algae of Romania. A distributional checklist of actual algae. Version 2.4. Studii si Cercetari Univer. Bacau Biol. 7: 1–1002.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cirujano, S., Cambra, J., Sánchez Castillo, P.M., Meco, A. & Flor Arnau, N. (2008). Flora ibérica algas continentales. Carófitos (Characeae). Spain, Madrid: Real Jardín Botánico.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Corillion, R. (1957). Les charophycées de France et d'Europe occidentale. France, Bretonne: Travaux – Laboratoire de Botanique de la Faculté des Sciences d'Angers. DOI: 10.2307/2482664.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
DAISIE (2006). Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.europe-aliens.org/
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dąmbska, I. (1964). Charophyta. Vol. 16, Poland, Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
del Arco Aguilar, M.J. & Rodríguez Delgado, O. (2018). Vegetation of the Canary Islands. Plant and Vegetation. Vol. 16. Switzerland: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77255-4.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
del Pozo, R., Fernández-Aláez, C., Fernández-Aláez, M. & Natividad-Felisa, S. (2011). Assessment of eutrophication effects on charophytes in Mediterranean ponds (North-Western Spain). Arch. Hydrobiol. 178(3): 257–264. DOI: 10.1127/1863-9135/2011/0178-0257.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Drake, J.A. (2009). Handbook of Alien Species in Europe. Netherlands: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8280-1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Drobnik, J. (2007). Zielnik i zielnikoznastwo. Warszawa: PWN.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Espinar, J.L., Garcia, L. Garcia, V., Murillo, P. & Toja, J. (2002). Submerged macrophyte zonation in a Mediterranean salt marsh: a facilitation effect from established helophytes? J. Veg. Sci. 13: 831–840. DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02112.x.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Felzines, J.C. & Lambert, É. (2012). Contribution au prodrome des végétations de France: les Charetea fragilis F. Fukarek 1961. J. Bot. Soc. Bot. Fr. 59: 133–188.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gil-Rodríguez, M.C., Beltrán Tejera, E. & Wildpret de la Torre, W. (1982). Chara connivens Salzm. ex Braun, un nuevo taxon para la flora ficologica de las Islas Canarias. Vieraea 11: 51–56.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gilroy, P. (2001). Herbarium specimens imaging protocol. New Mexico, USA: University of New Mexico, Museum of Southwestern Biology.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Graham, L.D. & Wilcox, L.W. (2000). Algae. New York: Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2019). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.algaebase.org
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Gupta, R.K. (2012). Algae of India. A checklist of Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae. Chrysophyceae and Euglenophyceae. India: Botanical Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Heinzel, Gettner, GFN (2010). Monitoring der Qualitätskomponente Makrophyten. Phytobenthos für WRRL und FFH-RL in schleswig-holsteinischen Seen. Endbericht Unveröffentlichtes Gutachten im Auftrag des Landesamtes für Landwirtschaft. Kiel: Umwelt und ländliche Räume.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
HELCOM (2013). Red List Macrophyte Expert Group. Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission – Helsinki Commission, Finland. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://www.helcom.fi
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hy, F. (1913). Les Characées de France. Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 26: 1–47. DOI: 10.1080/00378941.1913.10839719.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
John, D.M., Whitton, B.A. & Brook, A.J. (2011). The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles. An identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae. Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kalmbach, K. (2011). Herbarium plant collection protocol. How to prepare herbarium specimens? USA, Denver: Denver Botanic Garden.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kautsky, H. & Snoeijs, P. (2004). Baltic Marine Biologists (BMB). In H. Kautsky & P. Snoeijs (Eds.) Biology of the Baltic Sea. Developments in Hydrobiology vol. 176 (pp. 271–271). Dordrecht: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0920-0-25.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kostkevičiene, J. & Sinkevičiene, Z. (2008). A preliminary checklist of Lithuanian macroalgae. Bot. Lit. 14(1): 11–27.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kotta, J., Torn, K., Martin, G., Orav-Kotta, H. & Paalme, T. (2004). Seasonal variation in invertebrate grazing on Chara connivens and C. tomentosa in Kõiguste Bay, NE Baltic Sea. Helgol. Mar. Res. 58: 71–76. DOI: 10.1007/s10152-003-0170-2.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Korsch, H., Doege, A., Raabe, U. & van de Weyer, K. (2013). Rote Liste der Armleuchteralgen (Charophyceae) Deutschlands (3. Fassung). Germany: Haussknechtia, Beiheft.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krajewski, Ł., Pawlikowski, P., Gutowska, E., Jarzombkowski, F., Kauzal, P. et al. (2015). New data on the distribution and habitat conditions of stoneworts (Characeae) in Poland (2010–2012) including protected areas and lands involved in agri-environmental programmes. Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie 15(2): 65–85.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krause, W. (1969). Zur Characeenvegetation der Oberrheinebene Arch. Hydrobiol. 2: 202–253.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krause, W. (1981). Characeen als Bioindikatoren für den Gewässerzustand. Limnologica 13(2): 399–418.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Krause, W. (1997). Charales (Charophyceae). In H. Ettl, G. Gärtner, H. Heynig, H. & D. Mollenhauer (Eds.) Sübwasserflora von Mitteleuropa vol. 18. (pp. 202–210). Stuttgart: Fischer.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lambert-Servien, E., Clemenceau, G., Gabory, O., Douillard, E. & Haury, J. (2006). Stoneworts (Characeae) and associated macrophyte species as indicators of water quality and human activities in the Pays-de-la-Loire region, France. Hydrobiologia 570: 107–115. DOI: 10.1007/s10750-006-0169-1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Langangen, A. (2007). Charophytes of the Nordic countries. Oslo: Saeculum ANS.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Langangen, A. (2010). Some charophytes (Charales) collected on the island of Evia, Greece, in 2009. Flora Mediterranea 20: 149–157.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Langangen, A. (2012). Charophytes (Charales) from Crete (Greece) collected in 2010. Flora Mediterranea 22: 25–32.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ludwig, G. & Schnittler, M. (1996). Rote Liste gefährdeter Pflanzen Deutschlands. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde 28: 1–744.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Luther, H. (1979). Chara connivens in the Baltic Sea area. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 16: 141–150.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Martin, G., Torn, K., Blindow, I., Schubert, H., Munsterhjelm, R. et al. (2003). Introduction to charophytes. In H. Schubert & I. Blindow (Eds.), Charophytes of the Baltic Sea (pp. 3–14). Berlin: Gantner Verlag.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Moore, J.A. (1986). Charophytes of Great Britain and Ireland. B.S.B.I. Handbook No. 5. London: Botanical Society of the British Isles.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Muller, S.D., Rhazi, L. & Soulie-Märsche, I. (2017). Diversity and distribution of Characeae in the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia). Crytogamie Algol. 38(3): 201–251. DOI: 10.7872/crya/v38.iss3.2017.201.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nat, E., Simons, J., de la Haye, M.A.A. & Coops, H. (1994). Watersysteemverkenningen 1996 – Historisch en actueel verspreidingsbeeld van kranswieren in Nederland in samenhang met waterkwaliteitsfactoren RIZA werkdocument, Bd. 94. Lelystad: Rijksinstituut voor Integraal Zoetwaterbeheer en Afvalwaterbehandeling.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
NOBANIS (2015). The European Network on Invasive Alien Species. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from https://www.nobanis.org/
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pagad, S., Genovesi, P., Carnevali, L., Schigel, D. & McGeoch, M.A. (2018). Introducing the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species. Scientific Data 5: 170202. DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2017.202.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Pełechaty, M. & Pukacz, A. (2008 Klucz do oznaczania gatunków ramienic (Characeae) w rzekach i jeziorach. Warszawa: Inspekcja Ochrony Środowiska. Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Reyes-Prósper, E. (1910). Las Carofitas de España singularmente las que crecen en sus estapas. Madrid: Imprenta Artística Española.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rip, W., Rawee, N. & de Jong, A. (2006). Alternation between clear, high-vegetation and turbid, low vegetation states in a shallow lake: the role of birds. Aquat. Bot. 85: 184–190. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2006.03.003.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Romanov, R. & Barinova, S. (2012). The charophytes of Israel: historical and contemporary species richness, distribution, and ecology. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 25: 109–119. DOI: 10.2478/v10119-012-0015-4.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Romanov, R.E., Chemeris, E.V., Zhakova, L.V., Ivanova, A.V. & Palagushkina, O.V. (2018a). The charophytes (Charales, Charophyceae) from the Middle Volga Region (Russia): synopsis of localities and species protection. Nat. Conserv. Res. 3(2): 1–20. DOI: 10.24189/ncr.2018.044.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Romanov, R.E., Patova, E.N., Teteryuk, B.Y. & Chemeris, E.V. (2018b). Charophytes (Charales, Charophyceae) on the northeastern edge of Europe: is it something different across Northern Europe in their diversity and biogeography? Nova Hedwigia 147: 161–182. DOI: 10.1127/nova-suppl/2018/016.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rybak, A.S. (2015). Revision of herbarium specimens of freshwater Enteromorpha-like Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) collected from Central Europe during the years 1849–1959. Phytotaxa 218(1): 001–029. DOI:10.11646/phytotaxa.218.1.1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rybak, A.S. (2018). The Ulva flexuosa complex (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta): An updated identification key with special reference to the freshwater and hyperhaline taxa. Phytotaxa 345(2): 83–103. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.345.2.1.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rybak, A.S. &. Gabka, M. (2018). The influence of abiotic factors on the bloom-forming alga Ulva flexuosa (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta): possibilities for the control of the green tides in freshwater ecosystems. J. App. Phycol. 30(2): 1405–1416. DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1301-5.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schaminée, J.H.J., Maier, E.X. & van Raam, J. (1995). Charteta fragilis. In J.H.J. Schaminée, E.J. Weeda & V. Westhoff (Eds.), De Vegetatie van Nederland (pp. 45–64). Uppsala: Opulus Press.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schmidt, D. (1994). Rote Liste der gefährdeten Armleuchteralgen, 1 Fassung. Gernamy: Schwerin.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schmitz, M.F., Arnaiz-Schmitz, C., Herrero-Jáuregui, C., Díaz, P., Matos, D.G. et al. (2018). People and nature in the Fuerteventura Biosphere Reserve (Canary Islands): socioecological relationships under climate change. Environ. Conserv. 45(1): 20–29. DOI: 10.1017/S0376892917000169.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schneider, S.C., Rodrigues, A., Moe, T.F. & Ballot, A. (2015). DNA barcoding the genus Chara: molecular evidence recovers fewer taxa than the classical morphological approach. J. Phycol. 51(2): 367–380. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12282.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schories, D., Selig, U. & Schubert, H. (2009). Species and synonym list of the German marine macroalgae based on historical and recent records. Rostocker Meeresbiologische Beiträge 21: 7–135.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Siemińska, J., Bąk, M., Dziedzic, J., Gąbka, M., Gregorowicz, P. et al. (2006). Red list of the algae in Poland. In Z. Mirek, K. Zarzycki, W. Wojewoda & Z. Szelag (Eds.), Red list of plants and fungi in Poland (pp. 37–52). Kraków: W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Simons, J. & Nat, E. (1996). Past and present distribution of stoneworts (Characeae) in The Netherlands. Hydrobiologia 340: 127–135. DOI: 10.1007/BF00012744.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Simons, J., Ohm, M., Daalder, R., Boers, P. & Rip, W. (1994). Restoration of Botshol (The Netherlands) by reduction of external nutrient load: recovery of a characean community, dominated by Chara connivens. Hydrobiologia 275(1): 243–253. DOI: 10.1007/BF00026715.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Skuja, H. (1928). Vorarbeiten zur einer Algenflora von Lettland. IV. Acta Horti Bot. Univ. Latv. 3: 103–218.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Stewart, N.F. & Church, J.M. (1992). Red data books of Britain and Ireland: stoneworts. Joint Peterborough: Nature Conservation Committee.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Temniskova, D., Stoyneva, M.P. & Kirjakov, I.K. (2008). Red list of the Bulgarian algae. I. Macroalgae. Phytol. Balcan. 14(2): 193–206.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Teppke, M., Möbius, F., Schubert, H. & Spiess, H.J. (2015). Rote Liste der Armleuchteralgen (Charophyceae) Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns. Matthias Ministerium für Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Germany: Schwerin.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Tolstoy, A. & Österlund, K. (2003). Alger vid Sveriges östersjökust – en fotoflora. Uppsala: ArtDatabanken, SLU and WWF.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Torn, K. & Martin, G. (2003). Chara connivens Salzm. ex A. Braun 1835. In H. Schubert & I. Blindow (Eds.), Charophytes of the Baltic Sea (pp. 3–14). Berlin: Gantner Verlag.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Torn, K., Martin, G., Kukk, H. & Trei, T. (2004). Distribution of charophyte species in Estonian coastal water (NE Baltic Sea). Sci. Mar. 68(1): 129–136.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Torn, K., Kovtun-Kante, A., Herkül, K., Martin, G. & Mäemets, H. (2015). Distribution and predictive occurrence model of charophytes in Estonian waters. Aquat. Bot. 120(A): 142–149. DOI: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2014.05.005.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Urbaniak, J. & Blaženčić, J. (2012). SEM study of oospore characteristics in endemic and endangered Balkan Charophytes. Cryptogamie Algol. 33(3): 277–288. DOI: 10.7872/crya.v33.iss3.2012.277.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Urbaniak, J. & Gąbka, M. (2014). Polish charophytes. An illustrated guide to identification. Wrocław, Poland: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego we Wrocławiu.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
van Raam, J.C. & Gonzalez-Henriquez, N. (1995). Note on the Characeae (Charophyta) of the Canary Islands. Bot. Macaronésica 21: 29–36.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
van Raam, J.C. (1998). Handboek Kranswieren. Hilversum: Drukkerij De Toekomst, Charaboek.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
WCSP (2019). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved August 29, 2019, from http://wcsp.science.kew.org
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wallström, K. & Persson, J. (1999). Kransalger och grunda havsvikar vid Uppsala läns kust: Upplandsstiftelsen. (Stencil Nr 17, 94).
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wood, R.D. (1965). A revision of the Characeae. First Part. Monograph of the Characeae. Weinheim: Verlag von J Cramer.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Zeneli, V. & Kashta, L. (2016). Some Charophyta (Charales) from Coastal Temporary Ponds in Velipoja Area (North Albania). J. Environ. Sci. Eng. 5: 69–77. DOI: 10.17265/2162-5263/2016.02.002.
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article

Ecology and distribution patterns of Chara connivens (Charophyta, Characeae) on the Canary Islands – the first record from Fuerteventura

Abstract

Paradigm

My account