Effects of seasonal changes and depth on growth parameters of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on a shipwreck in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Tuğçe Şensurat-Genç; Onur Karadal; Adnan Çağlar Oruç; Aytaç Özgül; Altan Lök

doi:10.2478/oandhs-2021-0038

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Effects of seasonal changes and depth on growth parameters of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on a shipwreck in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

Volume 50 (2021): Issue 4 (December 2021)

By: Tuğçe Şensurat-Genç, Onur Karadal, Adnan Çağlar Oruç, Aytaç Özgül and Altan Lök

Open Access

|Dec 2021

Figures & Tables

Map of the study area. Two passenger vessels (Alaybey and 9 Eylül) are located in the northeastern region of Karaburun, İzmir, Turkey: 9 Eylül extends close to the natural reef of Küçükada, while Alaybey, selected as the study site, is far away from the natural reefs of Büyükada. Aslan Kayası (control site) has similar features to the Alaybey site.

Schematic and general view of the mussel cages. A. The mussel cages were deployed under water with an anchor 50 cm below and a float 50 cm above. Mussels were placed into 10 cylindrical bags that were suspended inside the polyethylene cages to protect them from predator attacks. Mussel cages were covered with PVC-coated nets with a mesh size of 15 mm. B. General view of a mussel cage placed at the study site

Table 1

Seasonal (from spring 2018 to spring 2020) and two-year growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

Period	Reef type	Length (mm)	Width (mm)	Flesh weight (g)
Summer ’18	AR	54.82 ± 2.41	27.83 ± 1.12	1.94 ± 0.23
	NR	54.14 ± 3.23	27.52 ± 1.52	1.99 ± 0.32
	p value	0.8777	0.8777	1.0000
Autumn ’18	AR	56.68 ± 0.84	29.10 ± 0.43	3.69 ± 0.20
	NR	63.85 ± 1.04	32.08 ± 0.50	4.65 ± 0.38
	p value	0.0001	0.0002	0.0103
Winter ’19	AR	60.94 ± 1.07	30.46 ± 0.49	4.11 ± 0.26
	NR	59.60 ± 1.64	30.80 ± 1.15	3.61 ± 0.34
	p value	0.7125	0.9309	0.5391
Spring ’19	AR	61.36 ± 1.46	30.83 ± 0.66	3.37 ± 0.22
	NR	65.72 ± 2.71	32.72 ± 1.10	3.50 ± 0.52
	p value	0.2853	0.2287	0.7455
Summer ’19	AR	63.07 ± 1.20	31.47 ± 0.58	3.28 ± 0.18
	NR	66.49 ± 1.10	32.98 ± 0.73	4.09 ± 0.18
	p value	0.0536	0.1135	0.0106
Autumn ’19	AR	66.21 ± 1.34	32.78 ± 0.61	3.00 ± 0.19
	NR	61.24 ± 2.73	31.98 ± 1.21	2.84 ± 0.35
	p value	0.1106	0.7052	0.6101
Winter ’20	AR	63.30 ± 1.55	31.78 ± 0.73	4.76 ± 0.51
	NR	63.06 ± 1.51	31.75 ± 0.72	4.46 ± 0.40
	p value	0.7260	0.9853	0.5927
Spring ’20	AR	64.98 ± 1.08	32.71 ± 0.51	2.82 ± 0.14
	NR	67.84 ± 1.45	32.41 ± 0.78	4.28 ± 0.32
	p value	0.2283	0.4912	0.0001
Two-year	AR	61.04 ± 0.47	30.79 ± 0.22	3.58 ± 0.10
	NR	64.35 ± 0.67	32.33 ± 0.33	4.10 ± 0.16
	p value	0.0010	0.0007	0.0003

Table 2

Annual growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

Period	Reef type	Parameter	Summer	Autumn	Winter	Spring
2018 – 2019	AR	L (mm)	54.82 ± 2.41^a	56.68 ± 0.84^a	60.94 ± 1.07^b	61.36 ± 1.46^b
		W (mm)	27.83 ± 1.12^a	29.10 ± 0.43^ab	30.46 ± 0.49^b	30.83 ± 0.66^b
		FW (g)	1.94 ± 0.23^a	3.69 ± 0.20^b	4.11 ± 0.26^b	3.37 ± 0.22^b
		CCI (%)	24.11 ± 0.68^ab	23.51 ± 0.08^a	25.00 ± 0.19^b	24.60 ± 0.28^b
	NR	L (mm)	54.14 ± 3.23^a	63.85 ± 1.04^b	59.60 ± 1.64^ab	65.72 ± 2.71^b
		W (mm)	27.52 ± 1.52^a	32.08 ± 0.50^b	30.80 ± 1.15^ab	32.72 ± 1.10^b
		FW (g)	1.99 ± 0.32^a	4.65 ± 0.38^b	3.61 ± 0.34^b	3.50 ± 0.52^ab
		CCI (%)	24.30 ± 0.66^a	23.81 ± 0.12^a	27.90 ± 0.41^b	27.78 ± 0.38^b
2019 – 2020	AR	L (mm)	63.07 ± 1.20	66.21 ± 1.34	63.30 ± 1.55	64.98 ± 1.08
		W (mm)	31.47 ± 0.58	32.78 ± 0.61	31.78 ± 0.73	32.71 ± 0.51
		FW (g)	3.28 ± 0.18^a	3.00 ± 0.19^a	4.76 ± 0.51^b	2.82 ± 0.14^a
		CCI (%)	25.56 ± 0.64^b	24.87 ± 0.69^ab	23.09 ± 0.32^a	23.60 ± 0.38^a
	NR	L (mm)	66.49 ± 1.10	61.24 ± 2.73	63.06 ± 1.51	67.84 ± 1.45
		W (mm)	32.98 ± 0.73	31.98 ± 1.21	31.75 ± 0.72	33.41 ± 0.78
		FW (g)	4.09 ± 0.18^ab	2.84 ± 0.35^a	4.46 ± 0.40^b	4.28 ± 0.32^b
		CCI (%)	28.50 ± 1.12	28.07 ± 1.51	28.95 ± 0.42	28.50 ± 0.72

* L – length, W – width, FW – flesh weight, CCI – commercial condition index and different letters in the same line indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) among the seasons

Table 3

Initial and final growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in midwater of artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

Period	Reef type	L (mm)	W (mm)	FW (g)	CCI (%)
Summer ’18	AR	54.75 ± 3.11	27.63 ± 1.49	1.96 ± 0.25	24.36 ± 0.84
	NR	53.85 ± 3.22	27.23 ± 1.57	1.95 ± 0.45	22.54 ± 0.57
	p value	0.8983	0.8983	0.7983	0.1599
Spring ’20	AR	65.42 ± 1.50	32.78 ± 0.65	2.70 ± 0.17	23.28 ± 0.41
	NR	66.71 ± 1.93	33.18 ± 0.98	3.81 ± 0.37	27.15 ± 0.87
	p value	0.7165	0.6979	0.0127	0.0004
p value (initial & final AR)		0.0099	0.0064	0.0547	0.4755
p value (initial & final NR)		0.0055	0.0089	0.0140	0.0043

* L – length, W – width, FW – flesh weight, CCI – commercial condition index

Table 4

Initial and final growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in deepwater of artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

Period	Reef type	L (mm)	W (mm)	FW (g)	CCI (%)
Summer ’18	AR	54.91 ± 4.09	28.06 ± 1.84	1.91 ± 0.43	22.44 ± 0.64
	NR	54.49 ± 6.29	27.85 ± 2.93	2.05 ± 0.48	27.32 ± 2.21
	p value	0.9362	0.8102	0.8102	0.0656
Spring ’20	AR	64.40 ± 1.58	32.63 ± 0.85	2.99 ± 0.23	24.03 ± 0.71
	NR	69.47 ± 2.21	33.74 ± 1.34	4.96 ± 0.51	30.45 ± 0.95
	p value	0.1196	0.6276	0.0026	0.0003
p value (initial & final AR)		0.0183	0.0314	0.0518	0.3642
p value (initial & final NR)		0.0216	0.0116	0.0056	0.2159

* L – length, W – width, FW – flesh weight, CCI – commercial condition index

Seasonal seawater parameters, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and salinity of midwater (above) and deepwater (below) regions of artificial and natural reefs

Seasonal changes in length, width, and flesh weight (with SE bars) of Mediterranean mussels placed in midwater of artificial and natural reefs

Seasonal changes in length, width, and flesh weight (with SE bars) of Mediterranean mussel placed in deepwater of artificial and natural reefs

Correlations between physicochemical water parameters and the SGRL (%) and SGRFW (%) of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial and natural reefs in the Aegean Sea (trendlines and r² values for each growth parameter are shown in the figure)

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0038 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X

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Language: English

Page range: 441 - 454

Submitted on: May 18, 2021

Accepted on: Jul 16, 2021

Published on: Dec 3, 2021

Published by: University of Gdańsk

In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services

Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

Keywords:

Mediterranean mussel,

growth,

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© 2021 Tuğçe Şensurat-Genç, Onur Karadal, Adnan Çağlar Oruç, Aytaç Özgül, Altan Lök, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Volume 50 (2021): Issue 4 (December 2021)

Effects of seasonal changes and depth on growth parameters of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on a shipwreck in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Figure 2

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

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