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Effects of seasonal changes and depth on growth parameters of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on a shipwreck in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea Cover

Effects of seasonal changes and depth on growth parameters of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) on a shipwreck in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea

Open Access
|Dec 2021

Figures & Tables

Figure 1

Map of the study area. Two passenger vessels (Alaybey and 9 Eylül) are located in the northeastern region of Karaburun, İzmir, Turkey: 9 Eylül extends close to the natural reef of Küçükada, while Alaybey, selected as the study site, is far away from the natural reefs of Büyükada. Aslan Kayası (control site) has similar features to the Alaybey site.
Map of the study area. Two passenger vessels (Alaybey and 9 Eylül) are located in the northeastern region of Karaburun, İzmir, Turkey: 9 Eylül extends close to the natural reef of Küçükada, while Alaybey, selected as the study site, is far away from the natural reefs of Büyükada. Aslan Kayası (control site) has similar features to the Alaybey site.

Figure 2

Schematic and general view of the mussel cages. A. The mussel cages were deployed under water with an anchor 50 cm below and a float 50 cm above. Mussels were placed into 10 cylindrical bags that were suspended inside the polyethylene cages to protect them from predator attacks. Mussel cages were covered with PVC-coated nets with a mesh size of 15 mm. B. General view of a mussel cage placed at the study site
Schematic and general view of the mussel cages. A. The mussel cages were deployed under water with an anchor 50 cm below and a float 50 cm above. Mussels were placed into 10 cylindrical bags that were suspended inside the polyethylene cages to protect them from predator attacks. Mussel cages were covered with PVC-coated nets with a mesh size of 15 mm. B. General view of a mussel cage placed at the study site

Figure 3

Seasonal seawater parameters, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and salinity of midwater (above) and deepwater (below) regions of artificial and natural reefs
Seasonal seawater parameters, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and salinity of midwater (above) and deepwater (below) regions of artificial and natural reefs

Figure 4

Seasonal changes in length, width, and flesh weight (with SE bars) of Mediterranean mussels placed in midwater of artificial and natural reefs
Seasonal changes in length, width, and flesh weight (with SE bars) of Mediterranean mussels placed in midwater of artificial and natural reefs

Figure 5

Seasonal changes in length, width, and flesh weight (with SE bars) of Mediterranean mussel placed in deepwater of artificial and natural reefs
Seasonal changes in length, width, and flesh weight (with SE bars) of Mediterranean mussel placed in deepwater of artificial and natural reefs

Figure 6

Correlations between physicochemical water parameters and the SGRL (%) and SGRFW (%) of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial and natural reefs in the Aegean Sea (trendlines and r2 values for each growth parameter are shown in the figure)
Correlations between physicochemical water parameters and the SGRL (%) and SGRFW (%) of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial and natural reefs in the Aegean Sea (trendlines and r2 values for each growth parameter are shown in the figure)

Annual growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

PeriodReef typeParameterSummerAutumnWinterSpring
2018 – 2019ARL (mm)54.82 ± 2.41a56.68 ± 0.84a60.94 ± 1.07b61.36 ± 1.46b
W (mm)27.83 ± 1.12a29.10 ± 0.43ab30.46 ± 0.49b30.83 ± 0.66b
FW (g)1.94 ± 0.23a3.69 ± 0.20b4.11 ± 0.26b3.37 ± 0.22b
CCI (%)24.11 ± 0.68ab23.51 ± 0.08a25.00 ± 0.19b24.60 ± 0.28b
NRL (mm)54.14 ± 3.23a63.85 ± 1.04b59.60 ± 1.64ab65.72 ± 2.71b
W (mm)27.52 ± 1.52a32.08 ± 0.50b30.80 ± 1.15ab32.72 ± 1.10b
FW (g)1.99 ± 0.32a4.65 ± 0.38b3.61 ± 0.34b3.50 ± 0.52ab
CCI (%)24.30 ± 0.66a23.81 ± 0.12a27.90 ± 0.41b27.78 ± 0.38b
2019 – 2020ARL (mm)63.07 ± 1.2066.21 ± 1.3463.30 ± 1.5564.98 ± 1.08
W (mm)31.47 ± 0.5832.78 ± 0.6131.78 ± 0.7332.71 ± 0.51
FW (g)3.28 ± 0.18a3.00 ± 0.19a4.76 ± 0.51b2.82 ± 0.14a
CCI (%)25.56 ± 0.64b24.87 ± 0.69ab23.09 ± 0.32a23.60 ± 0.38a
NRL (mm)66.49 ± 1.1061.24 ± 2.7363.06 ± 1.5167.84 ± 1.45
W (mm)32.98 ± 0.7331.98 ± 1.2131.75 ± 0.7233.41 ± 0.78
FW (g)4.09 ± 0.18ab2.84 ± 0.35a4.46 ± 0.40b4.28 ± 0.32b
CCI (%)28.50 ± 1.1228.07 ± 1.5128.95 ± 0.4228.50 ± 0.72

Initial and final growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in midwater of artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

PeriodReef typeL (mm)W (mm)FW (g)CCI (%)
Summer ’18AR54.75 ± 3.1127.63 ± 1.491.96 ± 0.2524.36 ± 0.84
NR53.85 ± 3.2227.23 ± 1.571.95 ± 0.4522.54 ± 0.57
p value0.89830.89830.79830.1599
Spring ’20AR65.42 ± 1.5032.78 ± 0.652.70 ± 0.1723.28 ± 0.41
NR66.71 ± 1.9333.18 ± 0.983.81 ± 0.3727.15 ± 0.87
p value0.71650.69790.01270.0004
p value (initial & final AR)0.00990.00640.05470.4755
p value (initial & final NR)0.00550.00890.01400.0043

Initial and final growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in deepwater of artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

PeriodReef typeL (mm)W (mm)FW (g)CCI (%)
Summer ’18AR54.91 ± 4.0928.06 ± 1.841.91 ± 0.4322.44 ± 0.64
NR54.49 ± 6.2927.85 ± 2.932.05 ± 0.4827.32 ± 2.21
p value0.93620.81020.81020.0656
Spring ’20AR64.40 ± 1.5832.63 ± 0.852.99 ± 0.2324.03 ± 0.71
NR69.47 ± 2.2133.74 ± 1.344.96 ± 0.5130.45 ± 0.95
p value0.11960.62760.00260.0003
p value (initial & final AR)0.01830.03140.05180.3642
p value (initial & final NR)0.02160.01160.00560.2159

Seasonal (from spring 2018 to spring 2020) and two-year growth parameters of Mediterranean mussels placed in artificial (AR) and natural reefs (NR) in the Aegean Sea

PeriodReef typeLength (mm)Width (mm)Flesh weight (g)
Summer ’18AR54.82 ± 2.4127.83 ± 1.121.94 ± 0.23
NR54.14 ± 3.2327.52 ± 1.521.99 ± 0.32
p value0.87770.87771.0000
Autumn ’18AR56.68 ± 0.8429.10 ± 0.433.69 ± 0.20
NR63.85 ± 1.0432.08 ± 0.504.65 ± 0.38
p value0.00010.00020.0103
Winter ’19AR60.94 ± 1.0730.46 ± 0.494.11 ± 0.26
NR59.60 ± 1.6430.80 ± 1.153.61 ± 0.34
p value0.71250.93090.5391
Spring ’19AR61.36 ± 1.4630.83 ± 0.663.37 ± 0.22
NR65.72 ± 2.7132.72 ± 1.103.50 ± 0.52
p value0.28530.22870.7455
Summer ’19AR63.07 ± 1.2031.47 ± 0.583.28 ± 0.18
NR66.49 ± 1.1032.98 ± 0.734.09 ± 0.18
p value0.05360.11350.0106
Autumn ’19AR66.21 ± 1.3432.78 ± 0.613.00 ± 0.19
NR61.24 ± 2.7331.98 ± 1.212.84 ± 0.35
p value0.11060.70520.6101
Winter ’20AR63.30 ± 1.5531.78 ± 0.734.76 ± 0.51
NR63.06 ± 1.5131.75 ± 0.724.46 ± 0.40
p value0.72600.98530.5927
Spring ’20AR64.98 ± 1.0832.71 ± 0.512.82 ± 0.14
NR67.84 ± 1.4532.41 ± 0.784.28 ± 0.32
p value0.22830.49120.0001
Two-yearAR61.04 ± 0.4730.79 ± 0.223.58 ± 0.10
NR64.35 ± 0.6732.33 ± 0.334.10 ± 0.16
p value0.00100.00070.0003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0038 | Journal eISSN: 1897-3191 | Journal ISSN: 1730-413X
Language: English
Page range: 441 - 454
Submitted on: May 18, 2021
Accepted on: Jul 16, 2021
Published on: Dec 3, 2021
Published by: University of Gdańsk
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2021 Tuğçe Şensurat-Genç, Onur Karadal, Adnan Çağlar Oruç, Aytaç Özgül, Altan Lök, published by University of Gdańsk
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.