How to Reduce Discrimination in the Workplace: The Case of Austria and Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Bobek, Vito; Maček, Anita; Bradler, Sarah; Horvat, Tatjana

doi:10.2478/ngoe-2018-0014

Abstract

To intervene against discriminatory in the workplace is tremendously important because discriminatory practices have an enormous economic impact, along with a severe impact on psychological health, which can result in illnesses such as depression and burnout. Such intervention requires a multidimensional approach, including the whole organization and a systematic procedure. The aim of this paper is to offer suggestions on how to reduce discrimination in the workplace in Austria and Taiwan. To reach this aim, a qualitative study was conducted. It showed that education, active positioning of companies, leadership and diligent selection of employees, discussion and analysis, psychological support, governmental policies, and aspects of language and talking gender-wise are the most important steps to decrease or eliminate discrimination in the workplace.

References

Arrow, K. (1998). What has economics to say about racial discrimination? The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 12(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.12.2.9110.1257/jep.12.2.91
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Becton, J. B., Gilstrap, J. B., & Forsyth, M. (2017). Preventing and correcting workplace harassment: Guidelines for employers. Business Horizons, 60(1), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2016.09.00510.1016/j.bushor.2016.09.005
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Bendick, M. Jr., Jackson, C. W., & Romero, H. J. (1996). Employment discrimination against older workers: An experimental study of hiring practices. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 8(4), 25–46. https://doi.org/10.1300/J031v08n04_0310.1300/J031v08n04_03
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Blau, F., & Kahn, L. M. (2000). Gender Differences in Pay. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(1), 75–99. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.14.4.7510.1257/jep.14.4.75
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Boglietti, G. (1974). Discrimination against older workers and the promotion of equality of opportunity. International Labour Review, 110(4), 351–365.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Charles, K. K., & Guryan, J. (2007). Prejudice and the economics of discrimination, NBER Working Paper No. 13661.10.3386/w13661
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Cheung, H. K., King, E., Lindsey, A., Membere, A., Markell, H. M., & Kilcullen, M. (2016). Understanding and reducing workplace discrimination. In M. R. Buckley, J. R. B. Halbesleben, & A. R. Wheeler (Eds.), Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 34(1), 101–152. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0742-73012016000003401010.1108/S0742-730120160000034010
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Chiao, C.-K. (2008). Employment discrimination in Taiwan. Retrieved from http://eforum.jil.go.jp/english/events/documents/clls08_chiao.pdf
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Civility, Respect, and Engagement in the Workplace (CREW). (2017). [General Information]. Retrieved from https://www.va.gov/ncod/crew.asp
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
DeVaro, J., Ghosh, S., & Zoghi, C. (2007). Job characteristics and labor market discrimination in promotions: New theory and empirical evidence. Cornell University ILR Collection Working Paper 2007.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Dostie, B. (2006). Wages, productivity and aging. IZZA DP. 2496.10.2139/ssrn.955811
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Federal Ministry of Health and Woman. (2006). Equal treatment and full equality of woman and men in employment. Vienna. Retrieved from http://www.gleichbehandlungsanwaltschaft.at/DocView.axd?CobId=32040
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Hersch, J. (2008). Profiling the new immigrant worker: The effects of skin colour and height. Journal of Labor Economics, 26(2), 345–386. https://doi.org/10.1086/58742810.1086/587428
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Juhn, C., Murphy, K., & Brooks, P. (1991). Accounting for the slowdown in black-white wage convergence. In: Kosters, M. (ed.): Workers and their wages. American Institute Press, pp. 107–143.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Kamasheva, A., Kolesnikova, J., Karasik, E., & Salyakhov, E. (2013). Discrimination and inequality in the labor market. Procedia Economics and Finance, 5(1), 386–392.10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00046-4
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Lallemand, T., & Rycx, F. (2009). Are young and old workers harmful for firm productivity? Working Papers CEB 09-002.RS, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management Centre, Emile Bernheim (CEB).10.2139/ssrn.1329576
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Leiter, M. P., Laschinger, H. K. S., Day, A., & Oore, D. G. (2011). The impact of civility interventions on employee social behavior, distress, and attitudes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(6), 1258–1274. https://doi.org/10.1037/a002444210.1037/a0024442
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Marchiondo, L., Ran, S., & Cortina, L. (2015, May). Modern discrimination. The Oxford Handbook of Workplace Discrimination.10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199363643.013.15
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Zhou, E. S. (2007). If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 25–45. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.2510.1037/0033-2909.133.1.25
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Neumark, D. (2008). The age discrimination in employment act and the challenge of population aging. NBER Working Paper No. 14317. https://doi.org/10.3386/w1431710.3386/w14317
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Nienhaus, A., Drechsel-Schlund, C., Schambortski, H., & Schablon, A. (2016). Violence and discrimination in the workplace. The effects on health and setting-related approaches to prevention and rehabilitation. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, 59(1), 88–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-015-2263-x10.1007/s00103-015-2263-x
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Odeh, A., Bruce, T. J., Krenn, D. R., & Ran, S. (2017). A broader perspective for subtle discrimination interventions. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 10(1), 118–123. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2016.11210.1017/iop.2016.112
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Plickert, G., & Sterling, J. (2017). Gender still matters: effects of workplace discrimination on employment schedules of young professionals. Laws (6), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws604002810.3390/6040028
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Publications Office of the European Union. (2016). Country report Non-discrimination Austria (p. 103). Luxembourg. Retrieved from http://www.equalitylaw.eu/downloads/3700-2016-at-country-report-nd
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Ragins, B. R., Ehrhardt, K., Lyness, K. S., Murphy, D. D., & Capman, J. F. (2015). Anchoring relationships at work: high-quality mentors and other supportive work relationships as buffers to ambient racial discrimination. Personnel Psychology, 70(1) 211-256. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.1214410.1111/peps.12144
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Rosenberg, I. (2009). Height discrimination in employment. Utah Law Review (3), 907. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.134481710.2139/ssrn.1344817
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Santana, S. (2017). Discrimination and harassment at the workplace. Retrieved from https://www.humanrightscommission.vic.gov.au/the-workplace/workplace-discrimination.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Schilpzand, P., De Pater, I. E., & Erez, A. (2016). Workplace incivility: A review of the literature and agenda for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(1), 57–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.197610.1002/.1976
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Southwick, S. M., Vythilingam, M., & Charney, D. S. (2005). The psychobiology of depression and resilience to stress: Implications for prevention and treatment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1(1), 255–291. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.14394810.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143948
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Taylor, S. G., & Pattie, M. W. (2014). When does ethical leadership affect workplace incivility? The moderating role of follower personality. Business Ethics Quarterly, 24(4), 595–616. https://doi.org/10.5840/beq20149261810.5840/beq201492618
Open DOI Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Theißl, B. (2017). Auf der Suche nach einer Sprache, die nicht diskriminiert. (2017). Retrieved from http://derstandard.at/2000051773350/Auf-der-Suche-nach-einer-Sprache-die-nicht-diskriminiert.
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Wetschanow, K. (2012). Geschlechtergerechtes Formulieren. Wien: bm:uk. Retrieved from https://www.bmb.gv.at/ministerium/rs/formulieren_folder2012_7108.pdf?4e4zxz
Search in Google Scholar Back to article
Yu, W. (2015). Women and employment in Taiwan. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/women-and-employment-in-taiwan/
Search in Google Scholar Back to article

How to Reduce Discrimination in the Workplace: The Case of Austria and Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Abstract

Paradigm

My account