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Internet-Based Mass Communication in Multi-Level Marketing Companies Operating in Poland Cover

Internet-Based Mass Communication in Multi-Level Marketing Companies Operating in Poland

Open Access
|Dec 2024

Figures & Tables

Figure 1.

Types of communication channels.
Source: Kotler & Keller, 2017, p. 521-523
Types of communication channels. Source: Kotler & Keller, 2017, p. 521-523

Figure 2.

Structure of single-level and multi-level direct sales.
Source: original drawing
Structure of single-level and multi-level direct sales. Source: original drawing

Figure 3.

Social media triangle.
Source: Ahlqvist et al., 2008; Kowalska, 2023, p. 231.
Social media triangle. Source: Ahlqvist et al., 2008; Kowalska, 2023, p. 231.

Figure 4.

Registration of new MLM enterprises in Poland over the years since 2000.
Source: own calculations.
Registration of new MLM enterprises in Poland over the years since 2000. Source: own calculations.

Figure 5.

PKD word cloud for MLMs.
PKD word cloud for MLMs.

Figure 6.

Types of products offered by the analysed MLM companies in Poland.
Source: own calculations.
Types of products offered by the analysed MLM companies in Poland. Source: own calculations.

Social media profiles of MLM companies operating in Poland, by the age of the enterprise_

under 5 years6 to 10 years11 to 15 years16 to 20 yearsover 21 years
INSTAGRAM% of profiles22.22%22.22%18.06%22.22%15.28%
% of Polish-language profiles87.50%81.25%76.92%68.75%81.82%
% foreign-language profiles12.50%18.75%23.08%31.25%18.18%
N of followers per profile669.751,001.931,679.251,199.001,987.50
FACEBOOK% of profiles21.21%18.18%19.19%25.25%16.16%
% of Polish-language profiles95.24%83.33%94.74%92.00%87.50%
% foreign-language profiles4.76%16.67%5.26%8.00%12.50%
N of followers per profile85.4245.78212.7879.482,590.63
YOUTUBE% of profiles23.08%21.79%19.23%20.51%15.38%
% of Polish-language profiles77.78%70.59%93.33%75.00%66.67%
% foreign-language profiles22.22%29.41%6.67%25.00%33.33%
N of followers per profile161.18328.88279.93207.31309.09

Social media profiles of MLM companies operating in Poland_

INSTAGRAMFACEBOOKYOUTUBE
Number of social media profiles689977
Percent of social media profiles60.18%87.61%68.14%
Percent of Polish-language profiles83.82%89.90%77.92%
Percent of foreign-language profiles16.18%10.10%22.08%
Number of followers per profile35,199.56232,342.1438,819.17

Average online traffic on MLM company websites in Poland_

Average monthly visitsLeading deviceAverage visit durationAverage bounce rate
DesktopMobile
Form of ownershipforeign property469 37046.3%53.7%00:04:1044.34%
mixed property166 21857.0%43.0%00:02:4447.56%
national property110 44452.1%47.9%00:03:5550.64%
Years operatingunder 5 years214 53449.54%50.46%00:03:0953.11%
6 to 10 years212 99351.85%48.15%00:02:5652.21%
11 to 15 years263 02142.08%57.92%00:04:3346.67%
16 to 20 years208 70554.26%45.74%00:04:0544.06%
over 21 years390 35152.99%47.02%00:04:5043.15%
OVERALL190 59350.40%49.60%00:03:5547.92%

The 7Cs of an effective website_

Element of the websiteCharacteristics
ContextPage layout and design
ContentTexts, photos and graphics, sounds and videos posted on the website
CommunityMethods of enabling communication between users within the website
CustomizationThe ability of the website to adapt to various types of users and devices, and to allow users to personalise it
CommunicationFacilitating two-way communication between the website and the user
ConnectionThe website’s degree of connection to other websites and portals (e.g. the company’s social media)
CommerceThe capability to conduct commercial transactions via the website

Key elements of MLM company websites in Poland_

Website elementsForm of ownershipYears operatingOVERALL
foreign ownedmixed ownershipdomestically ownedunder 5 years6 to 10 years11 to 15 years16 to 20 yearsover 21 years
Polish-language website91%100%100%100%95%91%92%100%97%
About section100%100%97%100%95%100%100%94%98%
Contact information100%100%98%34%100%100%100%94%99%
Products offer97%100%95%34%95%100%92%94%96%
Online shop69%56%58%20%64%65%58%63%61%
Collaboration/work offer77%89%73%27%68%90%63%88%76%
MLM community section74%56%63%22%68%75%63%63%66%
Requesting a presentation20%11%8%2%23%10%13%13%13%
Blog63%67%49%19%55%60%46%69%55%
Events information26%22%17%3%23%40%21%6%20%
Catalogues37%44%20%3%32%40%21%38%28%
Terms and conditions71%67%56%24%64%65%54%63%62%
Privacy policy89%100%81%29%91%85%83%81%85%
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/minib-2024-0020 | Journal eISSN: 2353-8414 | Journal ISSN: 2353-8503
Language: English
Page range: 25 - 48
Submitted on: Dec 1, 2023
Accepted on: Sep 16, 2024
Published on: Dec 30, 2024
Published by: Institute of Aviation
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 4 issues per year

© 2024 Beata Nowotarska-Romaniak, Sonia Szczepanik, published by Institute of Aviation
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.