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Ensembled combination of Q-Learning and Deep Extreme learning machine to achieve the high performance and less latency to handle the large IoT and Fog Nodes. Cover

Ensembled combination of Q-Learning and Deep Extreme learning machine to achieve the high performance and less latency to handle the large IoT and Fog Nodes.

Open Access
|Feb 2025

Figures & Tables

Figure 1:

Proposed Architecture
Proposed Architecture

Figure 2:

Reinforcement learning framework
Reinforcement learning framework

Figure 3:

DELM Framework
DELM Framework

Figure 4:

Performance Evaluation of Various Models in IoT-Fog Environments
Performance Evaluation of Various Models in IoT-Fog Environments

Figure 5:

Latency Performance Comparison of Different Learning-Based Fog-BAN Networks with Varying Node Counts
Latency Performance Comparison of Different Learning-Based Fog-BAN Networks with Varying Node Counts

Parameters used for implementation

S.NoSimulation ParametersSpecifications
1Number of Nodes Deployed90
2Number of Fog Gateways04
3Initial Energy per BAN Node0.002 Joules
4Distance Variation Between BAN Nodes4-12 meters
5Equipped Transceivers5G
6Uplink Bandwidth250 Mbps
7Downlink Bandwidth125 Mbps
8RAM in Fog Gateways3GB
9Number of Recorded Attributes08

Performance measures employed in the evaluation

SL.NOPerformance MeasuresExpression
1AccuracyTP+TNTP+TN+FP+FN
2RecallTPTP+FN×100
3SpecificityTNTN+FP
4PrecisionTNTP+FP
5F1-Score2.Precison*RecallPrecision+Recall

Comparison of Performance Metrics for different Models in IoT-Fog Environments

AlgorithmAccuracy (%)Sensitivity (%)Specificity (%)Precision (%)F1-Score (%)
RF-SVM89.488.987.888.288.5
CNN-LSTM91.791.290.190.691.0
Hybrid Fuzzy-Q-Learning93.593.192.392.793.0
DRL-GRU95.894.994.594.795.2
Proposed Model98.699.198.898.999.0
Language: English
Page range: 106 - 119
Submitted on: Sep 6, 2024
Accepted on: Oct 15, 2024
Published on: Feb 24, 2025
Published by: Future Sciences For Digital Publishing
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 2 issues per year

© 2025 Sharan Kumar, Venkata Ramana Kaneti, Vandana Sharma, published by Future Sciences For Digital Publishing
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.