Have a personal or library account? Click to login
Evaluation of Meloidogyne chitwoodi Race 1 and Pathotype Roza in Arabidopsis thaliana and Tomato Plants Cover

Evaluation of Meloidogyne chitwoodi Race 1 and Pathotype Roza in Arabidopsis thaliana and Tomato Plants

Open Access
|Jan 2026

References

  1. Bali, S., Hu, S., Vining, K., Brown, C., Mojtahedi, H., Zhang, L., Gleason, C., and Sathuvalli, V. 2021. Nematode genome announcement: Draft genome of Meloidogyne chitwoodi, an economically important pest of potato in the Pacific Northwest. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 34:981–986. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-12-20-0337-A
  2. Bali, S., Vining, K., Gleason, C., Majtahedi, H., Brown, C. R., and Sathuvalli, V. 2019. Transcriptome profiling of resistance response to Meloidogyne chitwoodi introgressed from wild species Solanum bulbocastanum into cultivated potato. BMC Genomics 20:907. doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-6257-1
  3. Brown, C. R., Mojtahedi, H., and Santo, G. S. 1995. Introgression of resistance to Columbia and northern root-knot nematodes from Solanum bulbocastanum into cultivated potato. Euphytica; Netherlands Journal of Plant Breeding 83:71–78. doi: 10.1007/BF01677863
  4. Brown, C. R., Mojtahedi, H., Santo, G. S., and Williamson, V. M. 1997. Effect of the Mi gene in tomato on reproductive factors of Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. hapla. Journal of Nematology 29:416–419.
  5. Brown, C. R., Mojtahedi, H., Zhang, L. H., and Riga, E. 2009. Independent resistant reactions expressed in root and tuber of potato breeding lines with introgressed resistance to Meloidogyne chitwoodi. Phytopathology 99:1085–1089. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-9-1085
  6. Davies, L., Brown, C., and Elling, A. 2014. Calcium is involved in the R Mc1 (blb)-mediated hypersensitive response against Meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato. The Plant Cell Reports 34(1):167–177. doi: 10.1007/s00299-014-1697-1
  7. Dropkin, V. H., Helgeson, J. P., and Upper, C. D. 1969. The hypersensitivity reaction of tomatoes resistant to Meloidogyne incognita: Reversal by cytokinins. Journal of Nematology 1:55–61.
  8. Dutta, A., Croll, D., McDonald, B. A., and Barrett, L. G. 2021. Maintenance of variation in virulence and reproduction in populations of an agricultural plant pathogen. Evolutionary Applications 14:335–347. doi: 10.1111/eva.13117
  9. Edwards, K., Johnstone, C., and Thompson, C. 1991. A simple and rapid method for the preparation of plant genomic DNA for PCR analysis. Nucleic Acids Research 19:1349. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.6.1349
  10. Elling, A. A. 2013. Major emerging problems with minor meloidogyne species. Phytopathology 103:1092–1102. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-13-0019-RVW
  11. El-Sappah, A. H., Islam, M. M., El-Awady, H. H., Yan, S., Qi, S., Liu, J., Cheng, G. T., and Liang, Y. 2019. Tomato natural resistance genes in controlling the root-knot nematode. Genes (Basel) 10(11):925. doi: 10.3390/genes10110925
  12. Ferris, H., Carlson, H. L., Viglierchio, D. R., Westerdahl, B. B., Wu, F. W., Anderson, C. E., Juurma, A., and Kirby, D. W. 1993. Host status of selected crops to Meloidogyne chitwoodi. Journal of Nematology 25:849–857.
  13. Flor, H. 1971. Current status of the genefor-gene concept. Annual Review of Phytopathology 9:275–296. doi: 10.1146/annurev.py.09.090171.001423
  14. Goggin, F. L., Jia, L., Shah, G., Hebert, S., Williamson, V. M., and Ullman, D. E. 2006. Heterologous expression of the Mi-1.2 gene from tomato confers resistance against nematodes but not aphids in rgg-plant. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 19:383–388. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-19-0383
  15. Hu, S., Franco, J., Bali, S., Chavoshi, S., Brown, C., Mojtahedi, H., Quick, R., Cimrhakl, L., Ingham, R., Gleason, C., and Sathuvalli, V. 2023. Diagnostic molecular markers for identification of different races and a pathotype of Columbia root knot nematode. PhytoFrontiers 3:199–205. doi: 10.1094/PHYTOFR-03-22-0035-FI
  16. Ingham, R. E., Hamm, P. B., Williams, R. E., and Swanson, W. H. 2000. Control of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato with fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides. Journal of Nematology 32:556–565.
  17. Jacob, J. J., and van Bezooijen, J. 1984. Manual for practical work in nematology, revised 1984. Wageningen, Netherlands: Department of Nematology, Agricultural University.
  18. Laine, A.-L., and Barrès, B. 2013. Epidemiological and evolutionary consequences of life-history tradeoffs in pathogens. Plant Pathology 62:96–105. doi: 10.1111/ppa.12129
  19. Milligan, S. B., Bodeau, J., Yaghoobi, J., Kaloshian, I., Zabel, P., and Williamson, V. M. 1998. The root knot nematode resistance gene Mi from tomato is a member of the leucine zipper, nucleotide binding, leucine-rich repeat family of plant genes. The Plant Cell 10:1307–1319. doi: 10.1105/tpc.10.8.1307
  20. Mojtahedi, H., Brown, C. R., Riga, E., and Zhang, L. H. 2007. A new pathotype of Meloidogyne chitwoodi race 1 from Washington State. Plant Disease 91:1051–1051. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-91-8-1051A
  21. Mojtahedi, H., Brown, C., and Santo, G. 1995. Characterization of resistance in a somatic hybrid of Solanum bulbocastanum and S. tuberosum, to Meloidogyne chitwoodi. Journal of Nematology 27:86–93.
  22. Mojtahedi, H., Ingram, R. E., Santo, G. S., Pinkerton, J. N., Reed, G. L., and Wilson, J. H. 1991. Seasonal migration of Meloidogyne chitwoodi and its role in potato production. Journal of Nematology 23:162–169.
  23. Mojtahedi, H., Santo, G. S., Brown, C. R., Ferris, H., and Williamson, V. M. 1994. A new host race of Meloidogyne chitwoodi from California. Plant Disease 78:1010. doi: 10.1094/PD-78-1010E
  24. Mojtahedi, H., Santo, G. S., and Wilson, J. H. 1988a. Host tests to differentiate Meloidogyne chitwoodi races 1 and 2 and M. hapla. Journal of Nematology 20:468–473.
  25. Mojtahedi, H., Santo, G. S., and Pinkerton, J. N. 1988b. Differential response of Thor alfalfa to Meloidogyne chitwoodi races and M. hapla. Journal of Nematology 20:410–416.
  26. Pariaud, B., Ravigné, V., Halkett, F., Goyeau, H., Carlier, J., and Lannou, C. 2009. Aggressiveness and its role in the adaptation of plant pathogens. Plant Pathology 58:409–424. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02039.x
  27. Ploeg, A. T., Stoddard, C. S., Turini, T. A., Nunez, J. J., Miyao, E. M., and Subbotin, S. A. 2023. Tomato Mi-gene resistance-breaking populations of Meloidogyne show variable reproduction on susceptible and resistant crop cultivars. Journal of Nematology 55(1):20230043. doi: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0043
  28. Seah, S., Telleen, A. C., and Williamson, V. M. 2007. Introgressed and endogenous Mi-1 gene clusters in tomato differ by complex rearrangements in flanking sequences and show sequence exchange and diversifying selection among homologues. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114:1289–1302. doi: 10.1007/s00122-007-0519-z
  29. Teixeira, M., Ko, I., Bali, S., Vieira, P., Maier, T. R., Baum, T. J., and Gleason, C. 2025. Genome reannotation and effector candidate identification in Meloidogyne chitwoodi through gland-specific transcriptome analysis identify new effector candidates in Meloidogyne chitwoodi. PLOS Pathogens, 2025. 21(11): p. e1013075.
  30. Thies, J. A., Merrill, S. B., and Corley, E. L. 2002. Red food coloring stain: New, safer procedures for staining nematodes in roots and egg masses on root surfaces. Journal of Nematology 34:179–181.
  31. Williamson, V. M. 1998. Root-knot nematode resistance genes in tomato and their potential for future use. Annual Review of Phytopathology 36:277–293. doi: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.36.1.277
  32. Zhang, L., and Gleason, C. 2021. Transcriptome analyses of pre-parasitic and parasitic Meloidogyne chitwoodi race 1 to identify putative effector genes. Journal of Nematology 53:e2021–84. doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-084
  33. Zhang, L. H., Mojtahedi, H., Kuang, H., Baker, B., and Brown, C. 2007. Marker-assisted selection of Columbia root-knot nematode resistance introgressed from Solanum bulbocastanum. Crop Science 47:2021–2026. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2007.01.0003
  34. Zhang, L. Y., Zhang, Y. Y., Chen, R. G., Zhang, J. H., Wang, T. T., Li, H. X., and Ye, Z. B. 2010. Ectopic expression of the tomato Mi-1 gene confers resistance to root knot nematodes in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 28:204–211. doi: 10.1007/s11105-009-0143-y
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2025-0061 | Journal eISSN: 2640-396X | Journal ISSN: 0022-300X
Language: English
Submitted on: Jun 10, 2025
|
Published on: Jan 14, 2026
In partnership with: Paradigm Publishing Services
Publication frequency: 1 issue per year

© 2026 M. Teixeira, K. S. Clements, K. O. Chandler, C. Gleason, published by Society of Nematologists, Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Volume 57 (2025): Issue 1 (February 2025)